Paper · 2023 · International Journal of Farm Sciences

Alternate wetting and drying (Pani pipe) irrigation (AWDI) and green manuring technique for sustainable rice production

V Dhanushkodi; R Nageswari; Noorjehan Aka Hanif; et al.

7
claims
16
verbatim quotes
1
citations
2
research areas
✓
Open access

Abstract

A study was conducted in Karaipottanar sub-basin area of Namakkal district of Tamil Nadu in rice crop in 35.0 ha (25 demonstrations). The results showed that the adoption of alternate wetting and drying irrigation (AWDI) and green manure technique resulted in higher grain yield as compared to farmers’ practice. The net return (Rs 39,208.30/ ha) and B-C ratio (2.10) were observed in demonstration plots which were higher than farmers’ practice (Rs 28,569.40/ha and 1.74 respectively). The water productivity was higher (5.14 kg/m3) in demonstration plots as compared to the control plots (3.37 kg/m3) and the average water saving was 26 per cent in demonstration plots. The green manure application resulted in increased available nutrients like organic carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content in the soil. From this study it was concluded that AWDI with field water tube was the better water management technique not only in increasing rice yield but also in saving water.

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The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 7

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

AWDI with green manure gave higher rice grain yield than farmers’ practice.

Treatment
alternate wetting and drying irrigation (AWDI) and green manure techniquee1
Outcome
grain yielde1
Direction
highere1
Comparator
farmers’ practicee1
Setting
Karaipottanar sub-basin area of Namakkal district of Tamil Nadue0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“A study was conducted in Karaipottanar sub-basin area of Namakkal district of Tamil Nadu in rice crop in 35.0 ha (25 demonstrations)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–132 · show in text ↑
e1

“The results showed that the adoption of alternate wetting and drying irrigation (AWDI) and green manure technique resulted in higher grain yield as compared to farmers’ practice”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 134–311 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

AWDI with green manure gave higher net return (Rs 39,208.30/ha) than farmers’ practice in demonstration plots.

Treatment
alternate wetting and drying irrigation (AWDI) and green manure techniquee1
Outcome
net returne2
Direction
highere2
Value
Rs 39,208.30/ hae2
Qualifier
Rs 28,569.40/hae2
Comparator
farmers’ practicee2

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“A study was conducted in Karaipottanar sub-basin area of Namakkal district of Tamil Nadu in rice crop in 35.0 ha (25 demonstrations)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–132 · show in text ↑
e1

“The results showed that the adoption of alternate wetting and drying irrigation (AWDI) and green manure technique resulted in higher grain yield as compared to farmers’ practice”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 134–311 · show in text ↑
e2

“The net return (Rs 39,208.30/ ha) and B-C ratio (2.10) were observed in demonstration plots which were higher than farmers’ practice (Rs 28,569.40/ha and 1.74 respectively)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 313–485 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

AWDI with green manure gave higher B-C ratio (2.10) than farmers’ practice in demonstration plots.

Treatment
alternate wetting and drying irrigation (AWDI) and green manure techniquee1
Outcome
B-C ratioe2
Direction
highere2
Value
2.10e2
Qualifier
1.74e2
Comparator
farmers’ practicee2

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“A study was conducted in Karaipottanar sub-basin area of Namakkal district of Tamil Nadu in rice crop in 35.0 ha (25 demonstrations)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–132 · show in text ↑
e1

“The results showed that the adoption of alternate wetting and drying irrigation (AWDI) and green manure technique resulted in higher grain yield as compared to farmers’ practice”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 134–311 · show in text ↑
e2

“The net return (Rs 39,208.30/ ha) and B-C ratio (2.10) were observed in demonstration plots which were higher than farmers’ practice (Rs 28,569.40/ha and 1.74 respectively)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 313–485 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Water productivity was higher (5.14 kg/m3) in AWDI demonstration plots than in control plots (3.37 kg/m3).

Treatment
alternate wetting and drying irrigation (AWDI) and green manure techniquee1
Outcome
water productivitye3
Direction
highere3
Value
5.14 kg/m3e3
Qualifier
3.37 kg/m3e3
Comparator
control plotse3

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“A study was conducted in Karaipottanar sub-basin area of Namakkal district of Tamil Nadu in rice crop in 35.0 ha (25 demonstrations)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–132 · show in text ↑
e1

“The results showed that the adoption of alternate wetting and drying irrigation (AWDI) and green manure technique resulted in higher grain yield as compared to farmers’ practice”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 134–311 · show in text ↑
e3

“The water productivity was higher (5.14 kg/m3) in demonstration plots as compared to the control plots (3.37 kg/m3) and the average water saving was 26 per cent in demonstration plots”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 487–670 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The average water saving in demonstration plots was 26 per cent.

Outcome
average water savinge3
Value
26 per cente3
Setting
demonstration plotse3

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“A study was conducted in Karaipottanar sub-basin area of Namakkal district of Tamil Nadu in rice crop in 35.0 ha (25 demonstrations)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–132 · show in text ↑
e3

“The water productivity was higher (5.14 kg/m3) in demonstration plots as compared to the control plots (3.37 kg/m3) and the average water saving was 26 per cent in demonstration plots”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 487–670 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Green manure application increased available soil nutrients (organic carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) in rice fields.

Treatment
green manure applicatione4
Outcome
available nutrients like organic carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content in the soile4
Direction
increasede4

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“A study was conducted in Karaipottanar sub-basin area of Namakkal district of Tamil Nadu in rice crop in 35.0 ha (25 demonstrations)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–132 · show in text ↑
e4

“The green manure application resulted in increased available nutrients like organic carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content in the soil”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 672–818 · show in text ↑
Recommendationauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivebasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

AWDI with field water tube is the better water management technique for rice, increasing yield and saving water.

Outcome
the better water management techniquee5

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e5

“From this study it was concluded that AWDI with field water tube was the better water management technique not only in increasing rice yield but also in saving water”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 820–985 · show in text ↑

processing · physiology: water · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results

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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.