Abstract
Chickpea cultivation in rainfed regions, such as Madhya Pradesh, faces challenges due to water stress, impacting crop yield and quality. The study conducted assesses the impact of foliar spray with plant growth regulators and nutrients on the germination percentage, seedling length, and seed vigour indices of chickpea varieties (JG 36 and JG 14) under water deficit conditions. Cytokinin analogues, known for breaking dormancy, and other growth regulators and nutrients were applied during the flowering stage. The results revealed significant differences in germination percentage, seedling length, seed vigour index I, and seed vigour index II among irrigation levels, varieties, and foliar spray of plant growth regulators and nutrients. Under different irrigation levels, D1 (Irrigation at 30 DAS and at flower initiation) recorded the highest germination percentage (97.24%), seedling length (31.41 cm), seed vigour index I (3054.81), and seed vigour index II (52.77) compared to control D2 (Drought stress at Flowering up to physiological maturity). JG 14 (V1) performed well, achieving the highest germination percentage of 96.99%. Among the treatments, foliar application of Benzyladenine (BA) at 40 ppm (T3) resulted in the highest germination percentage (98.17%) and seed vigour index II (60.33), whereas T8 (BA 40ppm + ZnSO4 1%) exhibited the highest seedling length (31.83 cm) and seed vigour index I (3099.85). This study demonstrates that foliar spray with plant growth regulators and nutrients, particularly Benzyladenine at 40 ppm, significantly improved germination percentage, seedling length, and seed vigour index, offering potential solutions for enhancing chickpea productivity under water deficit conditions.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation levels, varieties and foliar sprays differed significantly in germination and seedling vigour measures.
- Taxon
- chickpea
Cicer arietinumt0 - Outcome
- germination percentage, seedling length, seed vigour index I, and seed vigour index IIe0
- Direction
- significant differencese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significant differences in germination percentage, seedling length, seed vigour index I, and seed vigour index II among irrigation levels, varieties, and foliar spray of plant growth regulators and nutrients”
t0“Chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
D1 had the highest germination percentage at 97.24% versus drought stressed D2.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- D1 (Irrigation at 30 DAS and at flower initiation)e0
- Outcome
- germination percentagee0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 97.24%e0
- Comparator
- D2 (Drought stress at Flowering up to physiological maturity)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“D1 (Irrigation at 30 DAS and at flower initiation) recorded the highest germination percentage (97.24%), seedling length (31.41 cm), seed vigour index I (3054.81), and seed vigour index II (52.77) compared to control D2 (Drought stress at Flowering up to physiological maturity)”
t0“Chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
D1 had the highest seedling length at 31.41 cm versus D2.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- D1 (Irrigation at 30 DAS and at flower initiation)e0
- Outcome
- seedling lengthe0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 31.41 cme0
- Comparator
- D2 (Drought stress at Flowering up to physiological maturity)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“D1 (Irrigation at 30 DAS and at flower initiation) recorded the highest germination percentage (97.24%), seedling length (31.41 cm), seed vigour index I (3054.81), and seed vigour index II (52.77) compared to control D2 (Drought stress at Flowering up to physiological maturity)”
t0“Chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
D1 had the highest seed vigour index I at 3054.81 versus D2.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- D1 (Irrigation at 30 DAS and at flower initiation)e0
- Outcome
- seed vigour index Ie0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 3054.81e0
- Comparator
- D2 (Drought stress at Flowering up to physiological maturity)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“D1 (Irrigation at 30 DAS and at flower initiation) recorded the highest germination percentage (97.24%), seedling length (31.41 cm), seed vigour index I (3054.81), and seed vigour index II (52.77) compared to control D2 (Drought stress at Flowering up to physiological maturity)”
t0“Chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
D1 had the highest seed vigour index II at 52.77 versus D2.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- D1 (Irrigation at 30 DAS and at flower initiation)e0
- Outcome
- seed vigour index IIe0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 52.77e0
- Comparator
- D2 (Drought stress at Flowering up to physiological maturity)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“D1 (Irrigation at 30 DAS and at flower initiation) recorded the highest germination percentage (97.24%), seedling length (31.41 cm), seed vigour index I (3054.81), and seed vigour index II (52.77) compared to control D2 (Drought stress at Flowering up to physiological maturity)”
t0“Chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
JG 14 had the highest germination percentage at 96.99%.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Material
- JG 14e0
- Outcome
- germination percentagee0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 96.99%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“JG 14 (V1) performed well, achieving the highest germination percentage of 96.99%”
t0“Chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
BA at 40 ppm gave the highest germination percentage of 98.17%.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- foliar application of Benzyladenine (BA) at 40 ppm (T3)e0
- Outcome
- germination percentagee0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 98.17%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“foliar application of Benzyladenine (BA) at 40 ppm (T3) resulted in the highest germination percentage (98.17%) and seed vigour index II (60.33)”
t0“Chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
BA at 40 ppm gave the highest seed vigour index II of 60.33.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- foliar application of Benzyladenine (BA) at 40 ppm (T3)e0
- Outcome
- seed vigour index IIe0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 60.33e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“foliar application of Benzyladenine (BA) at 40 ppm (T3) resulted in the highest germination percentage (98.17%) and seed vigour index II (60.33)”
t0“Chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
BA plus ZnSO4 gave the highest seedling length of 31.83 cm.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- T8 (BA 40ppm + ZnSO4 1%)e0
- Outcome
- seedling lengthe0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 31.83 cme0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“T8 (BA 40ppm + ZnSO4 1%) exhibited the highest seedling length (31.83 cm) and seed vigour index I (3099.85)”
t0“Chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
BA plus ZnSO4 gave the highest seed vigour index I of 3099.85.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- T8 (BA 40ppm + ZnSO4 1%)e0
- Outcome
- seed vigour index Ie0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 3099.85e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“T8 (BA 40ppm + ZnSO4 1%) exhibited the highest seedling length (31.83 cm) and seed vigour index I (3099.85)”
t0“Chickpea”
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