Abstract
High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) is a key cereal crop broadly consumed across the earth. Nonetheless, abiotic stressor influences such as toxic metals severely limit its production. Thiourea (TU) is a sulfur-rich organic molecule that reduces the negative effects of environmental stresses such as heavy metals, including lead (Pb). Thus, the ongoing experiment was designed to assess the impact of thiourea amendment through soil (0 and 100 mg/L) on wheat cultivars Akbar 19 (V 1 ) and Ghazi 11 (V 2 ) under lead stress (0 mM and 15 mM Pb). The morphological features of the two cultivars (V 1 and V 2 ), comprising the fresh weight of shoots (17 and 23%), fresh weight of roots (31 and 26%), leaf area (22 and 10.9%), and total chlorophyll content (16%), were all decreased due to the toxic effects of stress caused by heavy metals. However, treatment of thiourea through soil allowed counteracting the decrease in biomass caused by heavy metals. It improved the initial weight of the shoots upto (12.5 and 14.2%), roots by (37.5 and 24%), leaf surface area upto (17.6 and 7.9%), and total chlorophyll contents (18 and 9.9%) while decreasing the MDA levels by (16.9 and 22.3%) and the activities of H 2 O 2 upto (16 and 11.5%), root Pb activity upto (8.9 and 35%) and shoot Pb activity by (12.9 and 23.8%), grain concentration upto (25 and 7.56%), soil Pb content were reduced by(17 and 16%), in both varieties (V 1 as well as V 2 ). Overall results indicate that treating wheat crops cultivated in pots with external thiourea decreased the damage from oxidation caused by lead and enhanced the antioxidant activity and ionic concentrations. Furthermore, all morpho-physiological parameters exhibited that Ghazi 11 (V 2 ) performed better relative to Akbar 19 (V 1 ). Nevertheless, note that research on wheat by application of thiourea-triggered changes in cultivation under heavy metal stress is still in its earliest stages, requiring more investigation to apply in wide fields.
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Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
Lead stress decreased wheat shoot fresh weight by 17 and 23% in the two cultivars.
- Taxon
- Wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- stress caused by heavy metalse0
- Outcome
- fresh weight of shootse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 17 and 23%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fresh weight of shoots (17 and 23%), fresh weight of roots (31 and 26%), leaf area (22 and 10.9%), and total chlorophyll content (16%), were all decreased due to the toxic effects of stress caused by heavy metals”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Lead stress decreased wheat root fresh weight by 31 and 26%.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- stress caused by heavy metalse0
- Outcome
- fresh weight of rootse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 31 and 26%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fresh weight of shoots (17 and 23%), fresh weight of roots (31 and 26%), leaf area (22 and 10.9%), and total chlorophyll content (16%), were all decreased due to the toxic effects of stress caused by heavy metals”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Lead stress decreased wheat leaf area by 22 and 10.9%.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- stress caused by heavy metalse0
- Outcome
- leaf areae0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 22 and 10.9%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“leaf area (22 and 10.9%), and total chlorophyll content (16%), were all decreased due to the toxic effects of stress caused by heavy metals”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Lead stress decreased wheat total chlorophyll content by 16%.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- stress caused by heavy metalse0
- Outcome
- total chlorophyll contente0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 16%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“total chlorophyll content (16%), were all decreased due to the toxic effects of stress caused by heavy metals”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Thiourea increased shoot weight by 12.5 and 14.2% under heavy metal stress.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- thiourea through soile0
- Outcome
- initial weight of the shootse0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 12.5 and 14.2%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“treatment of thiourea through soil allowed counteracting the decrease in biomass caused by heavy metals. It improved the initial weight of the shoots upto (12.5 and 14.2%)”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Thiourea increased root weight by 37.5 and 24%.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- thioureat0
- Outcome
- rootse0
- Direction
- increaseinferrede0
- Value
- 37.5 and 24%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“roots by (37.5 and 24%)”
t0“Thiourea on Wheat’s”
Claim · model-written summary
Thiourea increased leaf surface area by 17.6 and 7.9%.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- thioureat0
- Outcome
- leaf surface areae0
- Direction
- increaseinferrede0
- Value
- 17.6 and 7.9%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“leaf surface area upto (17.6 and 7.9%)”
t0“Thiourea on Wheat’s”
Claim · model-written summary
Thiourea increased total chlorophyll content by 18 and 9.9%.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- thioureat0
- Outcome
- total chlorophyll contentse0
- Direction
- increaseinferrede0
- Value
- 18 and 9.9%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“total chlorophyll contents (18 and 9.9%) while decreasing”
t0“Thiourea on Wheat’s”
Claim · model-written summary
Thiourea decreased MDA levels by 16.9 and 22.3%.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- thioureat0
- Outcome
- MDA levelse0
- Direction
- decreasinge0
- Value
- 16.9 and 22.3%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“decreasing the MDA levels by (16.9 and 22.3%)”
t0“Thiourea on Wheat’s”
Claim · model-written summary
Thiourea decreased H 2 O 2 activities by 16 and 11.5%.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- thioureat0
- Outcome
- activities of H 2 O 2e0
- Direction
- decreaseinferrede0
- Value
- 16 and 11.5%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“activities of H 2 O 2 upto (16 and 11.5%)”
t0“Thiourea on Wheat’s”
Claim · model-written summary
Thiourea decreased root Pb activity by 8.9 and 35%.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- thioureat0
- Outcome
- root Pb activitye0
- Direction
- decreaseinferrede0
- Value
- 8.9 and 35%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“root Pb activity upto (8.9 and 35%)”
t0“Thiourea on Wheat’s”
Claim · model-written summary
Thiourea decreased shoot Pb activity by 12.9 and 23.8%.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- thioureat0
- Outcome
- shoot Pb activitye0
- Direction
- decreaseinferrede0
- Value
- 12.9 and 23.8%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“shoot Pb activity by (12.9 and 23.8%)”
t0“Thiourea on Wheat’s”
Claim · model-written summary
Thiourea decreased grain lead concentration by 25 and 7.56%.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- thioureat0
- Outcome
- grain concentratione0
- Direction
- decreaseinferrede0
- Value
- 25 and 7.56%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grain concentration upto (25 and 7.56%)”
t0“Thiourea on Wheat’s”
Claim · model-written summary
Thiourea decreased soil Pb content by 17 and 16%.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“soil Pb content were reduced by(17 and 16%)”
t0“Thiourea on Wheat’s”
Claim · model-written summary
Thiourea decreased oxidation damage from lead in potted wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- external thioureae0
- Outcome
- damage from oxidation caused by leade0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Setting
- potse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“treating wheat crops cultivated in pots with external thiourea decreased the damage from oxidation caused by lead”
Claim · model-written summary
Thiourea enhanced antioxidant activity and ionic concentrations in potted wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- external thioureae0
- Outcome
- antioxidant activity and ionic concentrationse0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Setting
- potse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“treating wheat crops cultivated in pots with external thiourea decreased the damage from oxidation caused by lead and enhanced the antioxidant activity and ionic concentrations”
Claim · model-written summary
Ghazi 11 performed better than Akbar 19 across morpho-physiological parameters.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Ghazi 11e0
- Outcome
- morpho-physiological parameterse0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Comparator
- Akbar 19e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“all morpho-physiological parameters exhibited that Ghazi 11 (V 2 ) performed better relative to Akbar 19 (V 1 )”
t0“Wheat”
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