salinity · Growth · Spinacia oleracea (spinach)

Results differ34 papers: 9 positive, 25 negative or no effect · 2 pairs of papers confirmed to differ

43 claims from these papers; 10 citations between them.

Papers whose results differ, checked claim by claim 2

2 pairs of papers on this question report results that differ: an effect in one paper, the opposite effect or no effect in the other. Two model reviewers reading both claims accepted each pair.

How these papers cite each other

10 citations between these papers: 6 on the same side, 4 across the two sides.

Positive resultNegative result or no effect198519901995200020052010201520202025
  • Positive result
  • Negative result or no effect
  • Citation, pointing to the cited paper
  • Citation across the two sides
  • Larger circle: more citations overall

Years run left to right. Citations come from the papers’ OpenAlex reference lists. Hover a paper to bring forward its citations; click it to open the paper.

Papers reporting a positive result 9

  1. Growth and Photosynthetic Responses of Spinach to Salinity: Implications of K+ Nutrition for Salt Tolerance · 1990

    cited by 1 paper here

  2. Growth and Photosynthetic Responses of Spinach to Salinity: Implications of K+ Nutrition for Salt Tolerance · 1990

    cites 1 paper here

  3. RESPONSE OF TWO LEAFY VEGETABLES GROWN AT HIGH SALINITY TO SUPPLEMENTARY POTASSIUM AND PHOSPHORUS DURING DIFFERENT GROWTH STAGES · 2002

    cited by 2 papers here

  4. Irrigation with plant extracts in ecofarming increases biomass production and mineral and organic nitrogen content of plants · 2003

  5. Germination and Growth of Spinach under Potassium Deficiency and Irrigation with High-Salinity Water · 2020

    cites 1 paper herecited by 2 papers here

  6. Effect of biochar amendment on spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) growth under salt stress conditions · 2022

  7. ENHANCING SPINACH (SPINACIA OLERACEA L.) SEED GERMINATION, LEAF BIOMASS PRODUCTION UNDER SALINE WATER STRESS: THE IMPLICATIONS OF ZINC AND COW MANURE · 2024

  8. Utilization of Subsurface Drainage to Reduce Salinity under Different Saline Soil Mixture Ratios and Their Effects on the Growth of Red Spinach (Amaranthus tricolor) · 2025

  9. Moderate salinity enhances nutritional quality but suppresses growth in spinach (Spinacia oleracea): A trade-off between stress adaptation and yield · 2026

    cites 1 paper here

Papers reporting a negative result or no effect 25

  1. Photosynthesis and Ion Content of Leaves and Isolated Chloroplasts of Salt-Stressed Spinach · 1983

    cited by 1 paper here

  2. The Effect of Salt Stress on the Betaine Aldehyde Dehydrogenase in Spinach · 1983

  3. Analysis of Salt Tolerance in Nine Leafy Vegetables Irrigated with Saline Drainage Water · 2000

  4. The effects of high salinity (NaCl) and supplementary phosphorus and potassium on physiology and nutrition development of spinach · 2001

  5. Effect of Cadmium Levels on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Spinach (Spinacia oleracea) Under Salinity Stress · 2012

  6. EFFECT OF USING SOME ORGANIC MATERIALS ON GROWTH, YIELD AND SOME NUTRIENTS UPTAKE OF SPINACH PLANTS GROWN UNDER SALT CONDITIONS · 2012

  7. Responses of Spinach to Salinity and Nutrient Deficiency in Growth, Physiology, and Nutritional Value · 2016

    cited by 2 papers here

  8. The Response of Fordhook Giant / Swisschard (Beta vulgaris var Cicla) and Mustard (Brassica Juncea) Spinach Vegetables to Irrigation with Saline Water · 2020

  9. The effect of green silver nanoparticles on spinach (Spinacia oleracea) seed germination under salt stress · 2020

  10. Integrated usage of Trichoderma harzianum and biochar to ameliorate salt stress on spinach plants · 2021

    cited by 1 paper here

  11. STUDY OF KINETIN TRAETMENT ON GROWTH AND ACTIVITY OF SOME ANTIOXIDANT ENZYMES OF SPINACH UNDER SALT STRESS · 2021

  12. Effects of different levels of water, salinity and nitrogen fertilizer on growth indices and water use efficiency of spinach · 2021

  13. Synergistic and antagonistic interactions of soil water potential and osmotic potential linked to nitrogen fertilization on spinach traits and water use efficiency · 2021

    cites 1 paper here

  14. Cell Wall Components and Extensibility Regulate Root Growth in Suaeda salsa and Spinacia oleracea under Salinity · 2022

    cited by 1 paper here

  15. Pectin Characteristics Affect Root Growth in Spinach under Salinity · 2022

    cites 2 papers here

  16. Effects on Yield and Nutrient Concentration of Spinach (Basella Alba L.) At Different Salinity Levels · 2023

    cites 1 paper here

  17. Examining the Effects of Biochar in Spinach Cultivation with Increased Irrigation Water Salinity on Some Physical and Physiological Properties of the Plant · 2023

  18. Ameliorative effects of humic acid and L‐tryptophan on enzyme activity, mineral content, biochemical properties, and plant growth of spinach cultivated in saline conditions · 2024

    cites 1 paper here

  19. Impact of salinity on the morpho-biochemical traits of hydroponically cultivated Spinacia oleracea L. · 2025

  20. A Comparative Study on the Effects of Saline Water, Vinegar, and Milk on the Germination of Coriandrum sativum, Anethum graveolens, and Spinacia oleracea Seeds · 2025

  21. Spinach (Spinacia oleracea) has epidermal bladder cells and exhibits characteristics of a facultative halophyte · 2025

    cites 1 paper here

  22. A Comparative Study on the Effects of Saline Water, Vinegar, and Milk on the Germination of Coriandrum sativum, Anethum graveolens, and Spinacia oleracea Seeds · 2025

  23. A Comparative Study on the Effects of Saline Water, Vinegar, and Milk on the Germination of Coriandrum sativum, Anethum graveolens, and Spinacia oleracea Seeds · 2025

  24. Foliar Application of Biostimulants Alleviates Salinity Stress in Spinach · 2026

    cites 1 paper here

  25. Foliar-applied salicylic acid mitigates NaCl-induced morphological, anatomical, and biochemical damages in Spinacia oleracea · 2026

A paper is on the positive side when any of its claims here is positive. Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. Claims that compare genotypes are left out; a claim about lacking a nutrient counts the other way round in that nutrient’s question. “Results differ” marks a question where two model reviewers, reading both claims, accepted at least one pair of papers whose results differ.

salinity on Spinacia oleracea (spinach) against other targets

salinity · growth on other organisms