Search claims · PlantClaims

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Chromium toxicity reduced calcium, magnesium and iron contents.

Taxon: riceOryza sativat0
Treatment: Cr toxicitye0
Outcome: calcium (Ca 2+ ), magnesium (Mg 2+ ), iron (Fe 2+ )e0
Direction: decreasee0

Verbatim

e0
“Cr toxicity induced a substantial decrease in shoot length, root length, number of leaves, leaf area, shoot fresh weight, root fresh weight, shoot dry weight, root dry weight, chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b, total chlorophyll, carotenoid content, net photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, soluble sugar, reducing sugar, non-reducing sugar contents, calcium (Ca 2+ ), magnesium (Mg 2+ ), iron (Fe 2+ )”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 755–1173

t0
“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 32–54

Title

Mitigating chromium toxicity in rice (Oryza sativa L.) via PGPR: insights into rhizosphere microbiome, antioxidants and oxidative stress responses

Arwa Abdulkreem AL-Huqail; Rana M. Alshegaihi; Muna Abdul-Rahman Al-Malki; et al. Plant Growth Regulation 2025. doi:10.1007/s10725-025-01390-8

Other claims from this paper (16)

Observation Chromium toxicity reduced rice shoot and root growth and leaf traits.
Observation Chromium toxicity reduced rice shoot and root biomass.
Observation Chromium toxicity reduced rice pigments.
Observation Chromium toxicity reduced rice gas exchange.
Observation Chromium toxicity reduced rice sugar contents.
Observation Chromium toxicity reduced phosphorus content.
Observation Chromium stress increased malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide.
Observation Chromium stress increased enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants.
Observation Chromium stress increased gene expression and sugar content.
Observation Proline metabolism, the AsA–GSH cycle and cellular pigmentation increased significantly.
Intervention effect Paenibacillus polymyxa alleviated chromium toxicity by improving photosynthesis and growth.
Intervention effect Bacillus amyloliquefaciens alleviated chromium toxicity by improving photosynthesis and growth.
Intervention effect Pseudomonas putida alleviated chromium toxicity by improving photosynthesis and growth.
Association Antioxidant enzyme activity was higher in treated plants and was linked by the authors to lower MDA and hydrogen peroxide.
Intervention effect PGPR application increased rhizosphere bacterial abundance and diversity.
Observation Daily chromium intake and associated health risks declined under the treatments.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Bracts and capsule walls showed less ontogenetic decline in RuBPC activity than leaves.

Taxon: cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
Organ / stage: bracts and capsule walle0
Gene: RuBPCe0
Outcome: RuBPC activity(per dry weight)e0
Direction: less ontogenetic decreasee0
Comparator: leavese0

Verbatim

e0
“Non-foliar organs(bracts and capsule wall) showed less ontogenetic decrease in O2 evolution capacity and in RuBPC activity(per dry weight) as well as better antioxidant systems than leaves at various days after anthesis”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 905–1124

t0
“Cotton”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 50–56

Title

The Relative Contribution of Non-Foliar Organs of Cotton to Yield and Related Physiological Characteristics Under Water Deficit

Hu; Yuanyuan; Zhang; et al. 农业科学学报：英文版 2014

Other claims from this paper (6)

Intervention effect Water deficit significantly decreased surface area of each cotton organ.
Intervention effect Water deficit decreased non-foliar organ surface area less than other organs.
Intervention effect The relative biomass contribution of non-foliar organs increased under water deficit.
Observation Bracts and capsule walls showed less ontogenetic decline in O2 evolution capacity than leaves.
Observation Bracts and capsule walls had better antioxidant systems than leaves.
Mechanism The authors concluded non-foliar photosynthesis is important for cotton yield, especially under water deficit.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The ED50 for canola root dry weight reduction in loamy sand was 0.06 mg/kg.

Taxon: canolaBrassica napus var. napust0
Outcome: root dry weight reductione2
Value: 0.06 mg kg-1e2
Setting: loamy sande2

Verbatim

t0
“wheat, chickpea, and canola”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 61–88

e2
“Diuron exhibits higher phytotoxicity in sand compared to loamy sand, with ED50 values (which is the dose at which diuron causes a 50% decrease in plant growth) of 0.03 mg kg-1 and 0.07 mg kg-1 for canola shoot biomass inhibition and 0.01 mg kg-1 and 0.06 mg kg-1 for root dry weight reduction, respectively”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 689–995

Title

Phytotoxicity risk assessment of diuron residues in sands on wheat, chickpea, and canola

Win Win Pyone; Richard W. Bell; Michael T. Rose; et al. PLoS ONE 2024. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0306865

Other claims from this paper (12)

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Root dry weight increased slowly early and rapidly later, without decreasing before endosperm exhaustion.

Taxon: cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
Organ / stage: rootse4
Outcome: increase of dry weights in rootse4
Qualifier: slow in the early period and rapid in the following periode4

Verbatim

t0
“Relation to the growth of corn”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 85–115

e4
“The increase of dry weights in roots was slow in the early period and rapid in the following period and it was not recognized to decrease till the time of endosperm exhaustion”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 891–1066

Title

ON THE CONSUMPTION OF THE STORED FOODS IN THE SEEDS IN GERMINATION OF CEREALS. : (3) Relation to the growth of corn.

T. DANJO Japanese Journal of Crop Science 1952. doi:10.1626/jcs.20.268

Other claims from this paper (7)

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

C. japonica rhizomes accumulated more dry matter and starch.

Taxon: C. japonicaCalystegia pubescense1
Organ / stage: rhizomese2
Outcome: dry matter accumulation and starche0
Direction: increasese0

Verbatim

t0
“Calystegia japonica Choisy”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 20–46

e0
“increases in dry matter accumulation and starch”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 953–1000

e1
“In C. japonica , rhizome degradation was more pronounced and more systematic than in C. hederacea”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 745–842

e2
“The dry weight of rhizomes continued to increase for 6–7 weeks after the decrease in weight of the aerial parts began”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 282–399

Title

Rhizome dynamics in Calystegia japonica Choisy and Calystegia hederacea Wall. in relation to overwintering

MISAKO ITO; KEIKO TAKAGI; MASAHIRO YOSHINO Weed Biology and Management 2005. doi:10.1111/j.1445-6664.2005.00168.x

Other claims from this paper (6)

Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Chlorophyll content and chloroplast number decreased in deficient plants.

Taxon: SoybeanGlycine maxt0
Outcome: chlorophyll content, and chloroplast numbere0
Direction: decreasee0

Verbatim

e0
“A decrease in photosynthetic rate, dry leaf weight, leaf area, chlorophyll content, and chloroplast number was observed in plants displaying the deficiency”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 193–348

t0
“SOYBEAN”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 87–94

Title

PHOTOSYNTHETIC AND CHLOROPLAST ULTRASTRUCTURAL CONSEQUENCES OF MANGANESE DEFICIENCY IN SOYBEAN

R. Timothy Weiland; Reginald D. Noble; Richard E. Crang American Journal of Botany 1975. doi:10.1002/j.1537-2197.1975.tb14076.x

Other claims from this paper (5)

Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Net bunch water import declined 90% during development from 1.0 to 0.1 g g (dry wt)−1 d−1.

Taxon: Vitis viniferaVitis viniferat0
Outcome: Bunch net water import ratese0
Direction: decreasee0
Value: 90%e0
Qualifier: from 1.0 to 0.1 g g (dry wt)−1 d−1e0

Verbatim

t0
“Vitis vinifera”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 13–27

e0
“Bunch net water import rates also showed a 90% decrease with development from 1.0 to 0.1 g g (dry wt)−1 d−1”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 813–920

Title

Water Flux ofVitis viniferaL. cv. Shiraz Bunches throughout Development and in Relation to Late-Season Weight Loss

Dennis H. Greer; Suzy Y. Rogiers American Journal of Enology and Viticulture 2009. doi:10.5344/ajev.2009.60.2.155

Other claims from this paper (6)

Observationobservedreview summarynegativebasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

Abiotic stresses decrease yield of Brassica species by disturbing growth.

Taxon: Brassica speciesBrassicat0
Treatment: abiotic stressese1
Outcome: yielde0
Direction: decreasese0

Verbatim

e0
“yield of many important Brassica species decreases by disturbing their normal growth rate”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 150–239

t0
“Brassica Species”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 30–46

e1
“abiotic stresses influence the important morpho-biochemical characteristics such as root and shoot length, shoot fresh and dry weight”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 585–718

Title

Effect of Abiotic Stresses on Brassica Species and Role of Transgenic Breeding for Adaptation

Sunny Ahmar; Nauman Liaqat; Mubashar Hussain; et al. Asian Journal of Research in Crop Science 2019. doi:10.9734/ajrcs/2019/v3i130037

Other claims from this paper (3)

Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Shoot mass of creeping bentgrass started to decrease from June and recovered from August.

Taxon: creeping bentgrassAgrostis stoloniferae1
Outcome: Shoot masse1
Direction: decreasee1
Qualifier: recovered from Auguste1
Setting: established golf coursee2

Verbatim

e1
“Shoot mass(g Dry weight per hole cup) of creeping bentgrass started to decrease from June and recovered from August whereas that of zoysiagrass was less varied”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1255–1414

e2
“Sampling was carried out on an established golf course (Muan Country Club, Chonnam, Korea)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1163–1253

Title

Comparison of Non-structural Carbohydrate Concentration Between Zoysiagrass and Creeping Bentgrass During Summer Growing Season

Kim, Dae-Hyun; Jung, Woo-Jin; Lee, Bok-Rye; et al. Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science 2002. doi:10.5333/kgfs.2002.22.2.145

Other claims from this paper (14)

Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

SB was least affected by 15°C for root fresh weight.

Taxon: cultivarse0
Material: SBe0
Treatment: 15°Ce0
Outcome: root fresh weighte0
Direction: least affectede0

Verbatim

e0
“The cultivars least affected by temperature decrease (15°C) were SD for germination rate, SB for germination time, AK for root length, SB for root fresh weight, and YC for root dry weight.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1248–1436

Title

The Effects of Low Temperature on Germination Parameters of Some Pepper Cultivars

Oğuzhan Araz; Melek Ekinci; Ertan Yıldırım Erzincan Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi 2026. doi:10.18185/erzifbed.1595775

Other claims from this paper (10)

Intervention effect At 15°C, pepper germination rate decreased by 23.50%.
Intervention effect At 15°C, pepper root length decreased by 82.87%.
Intervention effect At 15°C, pepper root fresh weight decreased by 47.83%.
Intervention effect At 15°C, pepper root dry weight decreased by 25.00%.
Association Temperature significantly affected germination properties and cultivars differed significantly.
Intervention effect Pepper germination was best at 20 and 25°C.
Observation SD was least affected by 15°C for germination rate.
Observation SB was least affected by 15°C for germination time.
Observation AK was least affected by 15°C for root length.
Observation YC was least affected by 15°C for root dry weight.

“dry weight decrease”

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