Abstract
Pear is the second fruit production in Belgium and the cultivar Conference represents 90% of this production. Pyrus communis is a self-incompatible species and requires inter-cultivar cross-pollination to develop fruits. However, blooming occurs early in the Spring and climatically unfavorable spring conditions (frost, low temperatures, rain,…) could prevent the pollination by insects. In this case, parthenocarpy induction by spraying plant hormones, mainly gibberellins, is a common practice in orchards and allows achieving sufficient yield. No precise study has been carried out to determine the most efficient hormones, the best application time and the required amounts to apply. Our work aims at highlighting pear tree reproduction and focuses on parthenocarpy processes in the Conference cultivar. We investigated if intrinsic parthenocarpy due to endogenous hormones occured in Conference. We also compared the efficiency of gibberellins, auxins and cytokinins in the parthenocarpic fruit induction. Parthenocarpic fruit development was compared to fertilized fruits resulting from hand compatible cross-pollination. Spontaneous intrinsic parthenocarpy occurred in Conference, but pollen deposit (even incompatible) increased the number of fruits initiated. Gibberellins (GA3) increased the fruit set compared to the other hormonal treatments and trees treated with gibberellins and/or cytokinins produced larger fruits. Parthenocarpic fruits remained, nevertheless, smaller than fertilized ones. Gibberellin inhibitor treatments showed that endogenous gibberellins do not act alone to induce parthenocarpy and polyamines quantification revealed a role for putrescine and spermine in parthenocarpy induction in Conference.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Spontaneous intrinsic parthenocarpy occurred in Conference pear.
- Taxon
- Pyrus communis
_Poirier_Fleurs_et_feuilles.jpg?width=60)
Pyrus communist0 - Material
- Conferencee0
- Outcome
- Spontaneous intrinsic parthenocarpy occurrede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Poirier_Fleurs_et_feuilles.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Spontaneous intrinsic parthenocarpy occurred in Conference”
t0“pear (Pyrus communis)”
Claim · model-written summary
Pollen deposition, even incompatible pollen, increased fruit initiation in Conference pear.
- Taxon
- Pyrus communisPyrus communist0
- Material
- Conferencee0
- Treatment
- pollen deposite0
- Outcome
- number of fruits initiatede0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- even incompatiblee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Spontaneous intrinsic parthenocarpy occurred in Conference, but pollen deposit (even incompatible) increased the number of fruits initiated.”
t0“pear (Pyrus communis)”
Claim · model-written summary
GA3 increased pear fruit set relative to other hormonal treatments.
- Taxon
- Pyrus communisPyrus communist0
- Treatment
- Gibberellins (GA3)e0
- Outcome
- fruit sete0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- other hormonal treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Gibberellins (GA3) increased the fruit set compared to the other hormonal treatments”
t0“pear (Pyrus communis)”
Claim · model-written summary
Gibberellin treatment produced larger pear fruits.
- Taxon
- Pyrus communisPyrus communist0
- Treatment
- gibberellinse0
- Outcome
- fruitse0
- Direction
- largere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“trees treated with gibberellins and/or cytokinins produced larger fruits.”
t0“pear (Pyrus communis)”
Claim · model-written summary
Cytokinin treatment produced larger pear fruits.
- Taxon
- Pyrus communisPyrus communist0
- Treatment
- cytokininse0
- Outcome
- fruitse0
- Direction
- largere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“trees treated with gibberellins and/or cytokinins produced larger fruits.”
t0“pear (Pyrus communis)”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined gibberellin and cytokinin treatment produced larger pear fruits.
- Taxon
- Pyrus communisPyrus communist0
- Treatment
- gibberellins and/or cytokininse0
- Outcome
- fruitse0
- Direction
- largere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“trees treated with gibberellins and/or cytokinins produced larger fruits.”
t0“pear (Pyrus communis)”
Claim · model-written summary
Parthenocarpic pear fruits remained smaller than fertilized fruits.
- Taxon
- Pyrus communisPyrus communist0
- Organ / stage
- Parthenocarpic fruitse0
- Outcome
- fruitse0
- Direction
- smallere0
- Comparator
- fertilized onese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Parthenocarpic fruits remained, nevertheless, smaller than fertilized ones.”
t0“pear (Pyrus communis)”
Claim · model-written summary
Inhibitor treatments indicated that endogenous gibberellins do not act alone in pear parthenocarpy induction.
- Taxon
- Pyrus communisPyrus communist0
- Treatment
- Gibberellin inhibitor treatmentse0
- Compound
- endogenous gibberellinse0
- Outcome
- induce parthenocarpye0
- Qualifier
- do not act alonee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Gibberellin inhibitor treatments showed that endogenous gibberellins do not act alone to induce parthenocarpy”
t0“pear (Pyrus communis)”
Claim · model-written summary
Polyamine quantification indicated a role for putrescine and spermine in Conference pear parthenocarpy induction.
- Taxon
- Pyrus communisPyrus communist0
- Material
- Conferencee0
- Compound
- putrescine and sperminee0
- Outcome
- parthenocarpy inductione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“polyamines quantification revealed a role for putrescine and spermine in parthenocarpy induction in Conference.”
t0“pear (Pyrus communis)”
The same questions in other papers
Gibberellic acid · yield · Pyrus communis (pear)Results differ
9 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- negative
9 papers more in this group
See all 13 papers →class · yield · Pyrus communis (pear)Positive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- no effect
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.