Abstract
Pot experiments were conducted to study the effects of 8 fertilizers (NH 4 Cl, NH 4 NO 3 , Ca(NO 3 ) 2 , CO(NH 2 ) 2 , Ca(H 2 PO 4 ) 2 , KH 2 PO 4 , K 2 SO 4 and KCl) on Ni uptake and distribution by rice. The results indicated that nitrogen and potassium fertilizers had little effect on the biomass and yield of rice, while the phosphate fertilizers significantly increased the biomass and yield of rice. The total amounts of Ni in rice were decreased by 12.3% - 38.8% after fertilizers were applied. Applying NH 4 Cl, Ca(H 2 PO 4 ) 2 , K 2 SO 4 and KCl significantly increased the concentration of Ni in the aerial parts of rice, whereas the rest 4 fertilizers decreased the concentrations of Ni in the aerial parts of rice. The concentration of Ni in the grain under maturity stage were 6.958 - 13.227 mg kg -1 after fertilizer were applied, which increased by 41.03% - 168.11%, and had significantly exceeded the national food heavy metal limits hygienic standard (0.4 mg kg -1 ). This study suggests that fertilizer application significantly increased the uptake of Ni of grain, and the effects of 8 fertilizers in the order: K 2 SO 4 > KCl > Ca(NO 3 ) 2 > NH 4 Cl > CO(NH 2 ) 2 > KH 2 PO 4 > NH 4 NO 3 > Ca(H 2 PO 4 ) 2 .
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen and potassium fertilizers had little effect on rice biomass and yield.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Treatment
- nitrogen and potassium fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- biomass and yielde0
- Direction
- little effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“nitrogen and potassium fertilizers had little effect on the biomass and yield of rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphate fertilizers significantly increased rice biomass and yield.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- phosphate fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- biomass and yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“phosphate fertilizers significantly increased the biomass and yield of rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizers decreased total nickel amounts in rice by 12.3%–38.8%.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- total amounts of Ni in ricee0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 12.3% - 38.8%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The total amounts of Ni in rice were decreased by 12.3% - 38.8% after fertilizers were applied.”
Claim · model-written summary
NH 4 Cl, phosphate, potassium sulfate and KCl increased nickel concentration in rice aerial parts.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- NH 4 Cl, Ca(H 2 PO 4 ) 2 , K 2 SO 4 and KCle0
- Outcome
- concentration of Ni in the aerial parts of ricee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Applying NH 4 Cl, Ca(H 2 PO 4 ) 2 , K 2 SO 4 and KCl significantly increased the concentration of Ni in the aerial parts of rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The remaining four fertilizers decreased nickel concentrations in rice aerial parts.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- the rest 4 fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- concentrations of Ni in the aerial parts of ricee0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the rest 4 fertilizers decreased the concentrations of Ni in the aerial parts of rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Mature rice grain nickel concentration after fertilization was 6.958–13.227 mg kg -1.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- grain under maturity stagee0
- Outcome
- concentration of Ni in the graine0
- Value
- 6.958 - 13.227 mg kg -1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The concentration of Ni in the grain under maturity stage were 6.958 - 13.227 mg kg -1 after fertilizer were applied”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilization increased grain nickel by 41.03%–168.11%, exceeding the stated food limit.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- fertilizere0
- Outcome
- national food heavy metal limits hygienic standarde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 41.03% - 168.11%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The concentration of Ni in the grain under maturity stage were 6.958 - 13.227 mg kg -1 after fertilizer were applied, which increased by 41.03% - 168.11%, and had significantly exceeded the national food heavy metal limits hygienic standard (0.4 mg kg -1 )”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The eight fertilizers were ranked for their effect on grain nickel uptake.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- effects of 8 fertilizers in the order: K 2 SO 4 > KCl > Ca(NO 3 ) 2 > NH 4 Cl > CO(NH 2 ) 2 > KH 2 PO 4 > NH 4 NO 3 > Ca(H 2 PO 4 ) 2e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the effects of 8 fertilizers in the order: K 2 SO 4 > KCl > Ca(NO 3 ) 2 > NH 4 Cl > CO(NH 2 ) 2 > KH 2 PO 4 > NH 4 NO 3 > Ca(H 2 PO 4 ) 2”
t0“Rice”
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