Abstract
The suitability of by-products from the cotton ginning industry for incorporation into growth media for three vegetable crops was examined. Composts were prepared by mixing the by-product with soil in 5 ratios (20:80, 40:60, 60:40, 80:20, 100:0, v/v compost and soil). Seeds of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), radish (Raphanus sativus L.) and spinach (Spinacia oleraceae L.) were sown directly within the composts and in 100% peat (control) in October (autumn crop) and December (winter crop). Plant growth (height, leaf number, dry and fresh weight, chlorophyll content) was recorded 19 and 17 days after transplantation (first and second sowing respectively) and at harvest. Fresh and dry weight was recorded at harvest. Overall, plant height and leaf number were higher when the growth media consisted principally of compost (higher ratios of cotton by-product: soil) than in the control (peat), whereas among the various ratios of compost: soil significant differences were recorded, media with a high compost content showing better growth in most cases. Similar results were reported for fresh and dry weight and chlorophyll content, except for dry weight in the second sowing, where growth media with a lower compost content had a higher dry weight. In conclusion, the incorporation of the cotton ginning by-product into compost resulted in better growth of lettuce, spinach and radish, suggesting that the use of this material may be of economical value as a spin-off product for the cotton ginning plant and also as a means of reducing present pollution of the environment due to the accumulation of waste material.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
High compost growth media increased plant height and leaf number relative to peat.
- Taxon
- lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), radish (Raphanus sativus L.) and spinach (Spinacia oleraceae L.)
Spinacia oleracea
Raphanus sativus
Lactuca sativae1 - Treatment
- growth media consisted principally of composte0
- Outcome
- plant height and leaf numbere0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- control (peat)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plant height and leaf number were higher when the growth media consisted principally of compost (higher ratios of cotton by-product: soil) than in the control (peat)”
e1“lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), radish (Raphanus sativus L.) and spinach (Spinacia oleraceae L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
High compost media increased fresh and dry weight in most cases relative to peat.
- Taxon
- lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), radish (Raphanus sativus L.) and spinach (Spinacia oleraceae L.)Spinacia oleraceaRaphanus sativusLactuca sativae2
- Treatment
- growth media consisted principally of composte1
- Outcome
- fresh and dry weighte0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- except for dry weight in the second sowinge0
- Comparator
- control (peat)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Similar results were reported for fresh and dry weight and chlorophyll content, except for dry weight in the second sowing, where growth media with a lower compost content had a higher dry weight”
e1“plant height and leaf number were higher when the growth media consisted principally of compost (higher ratios of cotton by-product: soil) than in the control (peat)”
e2“lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), radish (Raphanus sativus L.) and spinach (Spinacia oleraceae L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
High compost media increased chlorophyll content in most cases.
- Taxon
- lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), radish (Raphanus sativus L.) and spinach (Spinacia oleraceae L.)Spinacia oleraceaRaphanus sativusLactuca sativae2
- Treatment
- growth media consisted principally of composte1
- Outcome
- chlorophyll contente0
- Direction
- highere1
- Comparator
- control (peat)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Similar results were reported for fresh and dry weight and chlorophyll content”
e1“plant height and leaf number were higher when the growth media consisted principally of compost (higher ratios of cotton by-product: soil) than in the control (peat)”
e2“lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), radish (Raphanus sativus L.) and spinach (Spinacia oleraceae L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Lower compost content gave higher dry weight in the second sowing.
- Taxon
- lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), radish (Raphanus sativus L.) and spinach (Spinacia oleraceae L.)Spinacia oleraceaRaphanus sativusLactuca sativae1
- Treatment
- growth media with a lower compost contente0
- Outcome
- dry weighte0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- second sowinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“dry weight in the second sowing, where growth media with a lower compost content had a higher dry weight”
e1“lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), radish (Raphanus sativus L.) and spinach (Spinacia oleraceae L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest cotton ginning byproduct compost for vegetable growing.
- Taxon
- lettuce, spinach and radishSpinacia oleraceaRaphanus sativusLactuca sativae1
- Outcome
- the use of this material may be of economical valuee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the use of this material may be of economical value as a spin-off product for the cotton ginning plant”
e1“better growth of lettuce, spinach and radish”
The same questions in other papers
fertilization · physiology: pigments · Lactuca sativa (garden lettuce)Results differ
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- no effect
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See all 33 papers →fertilization · growth · Spinacia oleracea (spinach)Positive and negative results
70 papers in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
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See all 79 papers →8 of 11 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.