Abstract
The effects of nitrogen supply (1N, 2N) at heading on the pattern of accumulation of dry matter and nitrogen in the caryopses at different positions on panicle were investigated to clarify the positional differences of caryopsis growth. The photosynthetic activities and the nitrogen contents of leaf blades were also taken into account. Caryopsis position on panicle was selected as shown in Fig. 1. Results are summarized as follows; 1. The superior caryopsis (I) at the upper position on panicle, in the control, accumulated the dry matter and nitrogen rapidly and in a short duration at the first half of ripening period. On the other hand, the inferior caryopsis (VI) at lower position on panicle accumulated these materials slowly and over a long duration at the second half of ripening period. 2. Nitrogen supply at heading increased markedly the rate of accumulation of dry matter and nitrogen in all caryopses, but had little influences on the duration of the accumulation and on the time of the rapid accumulation in ripening period, as compared with the control. 3. Nitrogen content of all caryopses at maturity was clearly increased as the quantlty of nitrogcn supplied increased. Grain weight also increased but not so much as the nitrogen content. The ratios of increase of both grain weight and nitrogen content by the nitrogen supply were very remarkable in the inferior caryopsis (VI) which was ill-ripened ln the control. 4. The increase of grain weight and grain nitrogen content by the nitrogen supply at heading was caused by the rise of accumulating rate of these materials in caryopsis throughout the ripening period. 5. Nitrogen supply at heading maintained the photosynthetic activities and the nitrogen contents of leaf blades at relatively high level during ripening period. Nitrogen contents of leaf blades in each plot began to decrease abruptly at 10 days after heading and reached the lowest level at 25 days after heading relatively. 6. It was suggested that the occurrence of the early increased rate of accumulation of translocated substantes might be need for the improvement of ripening of inferior caryopsis and the factors controlling the accumulation rate of inferior caryopsis might involve not only the supplylng ability of source organs but also the function of inferior caryopsis for sink organ.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Upper superior caryopses accumulated dry matter and nitrogen rapidly early in ripening.
- Taxon
- Rice
Oryza sativat0 - Organ / stage
- superior caryopsis (I)e0
- Outcome
- dry matter and nitrogene0
- Direction
- rapidlye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice”
e0“The superior caryopsis (I) at the upper position on panicle, in the control, accumulated the dry matter and nitrogen rapidly and in a short duration at the first half of ripening period”
Claim · model-written summary
Lower inferior caryopses accumulated these materials slowly later in ripening.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- inferior caryopsis (VI)e0
- Outcome
- these materialse0
- Direction
- slowlye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice”
e0“the inferior caryopsis (VI) at lower position on panicle accumulated these materials slowly and over a long duration at the second half of ripening period”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen supply at heading markedly increased dry matter accumulation rate in all caryopses.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Nitrogen supply at headinge0
- Outcome
- rate of accumulation of dry mattere0
- Direction
- increased markedlye0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice”
e0“Nitrogen supply at heading increased markedly the rate of accumulation of dry matter and nitrogen in all caryopses, but had little influences on the duration of the accumulation and on the time of the rapid accumulation in ripening period, as compared with the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen supply at heading markedly increased nitrogen accumulation rate in all caryopses.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Nitrogen supply at headinge0
- Outcome
- nitrogen in all caryopsese0
- Direction
- increased markedlye0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice”
e0“Nitrogen supply at heading increased markedly the rate of accumulation of dry matter and nitrogen in all caryopses, but had little influences on the duration of the accumulation and on the time of the rapid accumulation in ripening period, as compared with the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen supply had little influence on accumulation duration or timing.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Nitrogen supply at headinge0
- Outcome
- duration of the accumulation and on the time of the rapid accumulatione0
- Direction
- little influencese0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice”
e0“Nitrogen supply at heading increased markedly the rate of accumulation of dry matter and nitrogen in all caryopses, but had little influences on the duration of the accumulation and on the time of the rapid accumulation in ripening period, as compared with the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Mature caryopsis nitrogen content increased with quantity of nitrogen supplied.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- nitrogcn suppliede0
- Outcome
- Nitrogen content of all caryopsese0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice”
e0“Nitrogen content of all caryopses at maturity was clearly increased as the quantlty of nitrogcn supplied increased”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain weight increased with nitrogen supply, less than nitrogen content.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- nitrogen supplye1
- Outcome
- Grain weighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- not so much as the nitrogen contente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice”
e0“Grain weight also increased but not so much as the nitrogen content”
e1“grain weight and nitrogen content by the nitrogen supply”
Claim · model-written summary
The increase in grain weight and nitrogen content was especially marked in inferior caryopses.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- inferior caryopsis (VI)e0
- Outcome
- grain weight and nitrogen contente0
- Direction
- increasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice”
e0“The ratios of increase of both grain weight and nitrogen content by the nitrogen supply were very remarkable in the inferior caryopsis (VI)”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher accumulation rates throughout ripening caused the increases in grain weight and nitrogen.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- nitrogen supply at headinge0
- Outcome
- increase of grain weight and grain nitrogen contente0
- Qualifier
- rise of accumulating ratee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice”
e0“The increase of grain weight and grain nitrogen content by the nitrogen supply at heading was caused by the rise of accumulating rate of these materials in caryopsis throughout the ripening period”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen supply maintained relatively high photosynthetic activity during ripening.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Nitrogen supply at headinge0
- Outcome
- photosynthetic activitiese0
- Direction
- relatively high levele0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice”
e0“Nitrogen supply at heading maintained the photosynthetic activities and the nitrogen contents of leaf blades at relatively high level during ripening period”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen supply maintained relatively high leaf blade nitrogen content during ripening.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Nitrogen supply at headinge0
- Outcome
- nitrogen contents of leaf bladese0
- Direction
- relatively high levele0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice”
e0“Nitrogen supply at heading maintained the photosynthetic activities and the nitrogen contents of leaf blades at relatively high level during ripening period”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf blade nitrogen content declined abruptly from day 10 and reached a low at day 25.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- Nitrogen contents of leaf bladese0
- Direction
- decrease abruptlye0
- Value
- 10 days after headinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice”
e0“Nitrogen contents of leaf blades in each plot began to decrease abruptly at 10 days after heading and reached the lowest level at 25 days after heading relatively”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors suggested early higher translocation accumulation might improve inferior caryopsis ripening.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- improvement of ripening of inferior caryopsise0
- Qualifier
- early increased rate of accumulation of translocated substantese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice”
e0“the occurrence of the early increased rate of accumulation of translocated substantes might be need for the improvement of ripening of inferior caryopsis”
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