Paper · 2018 · Open Access Repository of ICRISAT (International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics)

Nitrogen fixation by groundnut and cowpea for productivity improvement in drought conditions in the Sahel.

Hamidou Falalou; Aurélie Harou; Bacharou F. Achirou; et al.

11
claims
15
verbatim quotes
2
citations
3
research areas
✓
Open access

Abstract

Selection of drought tolerant and high nitrogen fixing varieties of groundnut and cowpea could improve their productivity and that of the cereals grown in association or rotation. Groundnut and cowpea varieties were assessed in field and in pots for response to drought using 4 fertilizer treatments. For cowpea, drought conditions decreased most of studied parameters, especially nodule number (40%) and pod weight (30%); while the root dry matter increased up to 10%. Nitrogen and/or Phosphorus fertilization increased pod weight up to 81%. Varieties IT93-503-1, IT93-693-2, UC-CB46 and Mouride were tolerant to drought conditions and very good nitrogen fixers. Nodule number, pod weight and root dry matter of groundnut decreased up to 12, 20 and 27% respectively due to drought conditions. Varieties ICGV-00350, ICGV-86015, ICGV-97183 and ICGVSM-87003 had the highest pod weight and the highest nodule number under drought conditions. Groundnut varieties ICGV-00350, ICGV-86015, ICGV-97183 and ICGVSM-87003 improved soil fertility and increased biomass (20%) of Pearl millet (SOSAT C88 variety) grown with them in rotation.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher.

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 11

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Drought decreased cowpea nodule number by 40%.

Treatment
drought conditionse0
Outcome
nodule numbere0
Direction
decreasede0
Value
40%e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna unguiculata
Vigna unguiculata · TaxonHeraldDesa at English Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“For cowpea, drought conditions decreased most of studied parameters, especially nodule number (40%) and pod weight (30%)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 301–421 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Drought decreased cowpea pod weight by 30%.

Treatment
drought conditionse0
Outcome
pod weighte0
Direction
decreasede0
Value
30%e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna unguiculata
Vigna unguiculata · TaxonHeraldDesa at English Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“For cowpea, drought conditions decreased most of studied parameters, especially nodule number (40%) and pod weight (30%)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 301–421 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Drought increased cowpea root dry matter by up to 10%.

Treatment
drought conditionse0
Outcome
root dry mattere1
Direction
increasede1
Value
10%e1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna unguiculata
Vigna unguiculata · TaxonHeraldDesa at English Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“For cowpea, drought conditions”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 301–331 · show in text ↑
e1

“while the root dry matter increased up to 10%”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 423–468 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Nitrogen and/or phosphorus fertilization increased pod weight by up to 81%.

Taxon
groundnut and cowpeaArachis hypogaeaVigna unguiculatat0
Treatment
Nitrogen and/or Phosphorus fertilizatione1
Outcome
pod weighte1
Direction
increasede1
Value
81%e1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Arachis hypogaea
Arachis hypogaea · Taxon葉子 · CC0 · iNaturalist ↗
Vigna unguiculata
Vigna unguiculata · TaxonHeraldDesa at English Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“groundnut and cowpea”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 21–41 · show in text ↑
e1

“Nitrogen and/or Phosphorus fertilization increased pod weight up to 81%”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 470–541 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Varieties IT93-503-1, IT93-693-2, UC-CB46 and Mouride were tolerant to drought and very good nitrogen fixers.

Taxon
groundnut and cowpeaArachis hypogaeaVigna unguiculatat0
Material
IT93-503-1, IT93-693-2, UC-CB46 and Mouridee1
Outcome
tolerant to drought conditionse1
Qualifier
very good nitrogen fixerse1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Arachis hypogaea
Arachis hypogaea · Taxon葉子 · CC0 · iNaturalist ↗
Vigna unguiculata
Vigna unguiculata · TaxonHeraldDesa at English Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“groundnut and cowpea”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 21–41 · show in text ↑
e1

“Varieties IT93-503-1, IT93-693-2, UC-CB46 and Mouride were tolerant to drought conditions and very good nitrogen fixers”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 543–662 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Groundnut varieties ICGV-00350, ICGV-86015, ICGV-97183 and ICGVSM-87003 had the highest pod weight and nodule number under drought.

Taxon
groundnutArachis hypogaeat0
Material
ICGV-00350, ICGV-86015, ICGV-97183 and ICGVSM-87003e1
Treatment
drought conditionse1
Outcome
pod weight and the highest nodule numbere1
Direction
higheste1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Arachis hypogaea
Arachis hypogaea · Taxon葉子 · CC0 · iNaturalist ↗

Verbatim

t0

“groundnut and cowpea”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 21–41 · show in text ↑
e1

“Varieties ICGV-00350, ICGV-86015, ICGV-97183 and ICGVSM-87003 had the highest pod weight and the highest nodule number under drought conditions”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 794–937 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Drought decreased groundnut nodule number by up to 12%.

Taxon
groundnutArachis hypogaeae0
Treatment
drought conditionse0
Outcome
Nodule numbere0
Direction
decreasede0
Value
12e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Arachis hypogaea
Arachis hypogaea · Taxon葉子 · CC0 · iNaturalist ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Nodule number, pod weight and root dry matter of groundnut decreased up to 12, 20 and 27% respectively due to drought conditions”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 664–792 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Drought decreased groundnut pod weight by up to 20%.

Taxon
groundnutArachis hypogaeae0
Treatment
drought conditionse0
Outcome
pod weighte0
Direction
decreasede0
Value
20e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Arachis hypogaea
Arachis hypogaea · Taxon葉子 · CC0 · iNaturalist ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Nodule number, pod weight and root dry matter of groundnut decreased up to 12, 20 and 27% respectively due to drought conditions”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 664–792 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Drought decreased groundnut root dry matter by up to 27%.

Taxon
groundnutArachis hypogaeae0
Treatment
drought conditionse0
Outcome
root dry mattere0
Direction
decreasede0
Value
27e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Arachis hypogaea
Arachis hypogaea · Taxon葉子 · CC0 · iNaturalist ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Nodule number, pod weight and root dry matter of groundnut decreased up to 12, 20 and 27% respectively due to drought conditions”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 664–792 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Groundnut varieties improved soil fertility.

Taxon
groundnutArachis hypogaeae0
Outcome
soil fertilitye0
Direction
improvede0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Arachis hypogaea
Arachis hypogaea · Taxon葉子 · CC0 · iNaturalist ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Groundnut varieties ICGV-00350, ICGV-86015, ICGV-97183 and ICGVSM-87003 improved soil fertility and increased biomass (20%) of Pearl millet (SOSAT C88 variety) grown with them in rotation”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 939–1126 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Pearl millet grown in rotation after groundnut had 20% higher biomass.

Taxon
Pearl milletCenchrus americanuse0
Material
SOSAT C88 varietye0
Treatment
grown with them in rotatione0
Outcome
biomasse0
Direction
increasede0
Value
20%e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cenchrus americanus
Cenchrus americanus · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Groundnut varieties ICGV-00350, ICGV-86015, ICGV-97183 and ICGVSM-87003 improved soil fertility and increased biomass (20%) of Pearl millet (SOSAT C88 variety) grown with them in rotation”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 939–1126 · show in text ↑

drought · yield · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Results differ

46 papers: 7 positive, 39 negative or no effect

38 papers in the same direction as this paper · 7 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

42 papers more in this group

See all 46 papers →

drought · growth · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Results differ

58 papers: 20 positive, 38 negative or no effect

37 papers in the same direction as this paper · 20 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

54 papers more in this group

See all 58 papers →

nitrogen · yield · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Results differ

68 papers: 62 positive, 6 negative or no effect

61 papers in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. negative
  3. no effect

64 papers more in this group

See all 68 papers →

drought · yield · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Results differ

79 papers: 24 positive, 55 negative or no effect

54 papers in the same direction as this paper · 24 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
    Groundnut experienced lower drought-induced yield reduction than cowpea and green gram.

    Global Synthesis of Drought Effects on Food Legume Production · 2015 · compared with legumes such as cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) and green gram (Vigna radiate)

    Opposite direction

  2. positive
  3. positive

75 papers more in this group

See all 79 papers →

nitrogen · yield · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Results differ

145 papers: 125 positive, 20 negative or no effect

124 papers in the same direction as this paper · 20 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. negative
  3. negative

141 papers more in this group

See all 145 papers →

fertilization · yield · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Positive and negative results

292 papers: 275 positive, 17 negative or no effect

274 papers in the same direction as this paper · 15 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
  2. negative
  3. no effect

288 papers more in this group

See all 292 papers →

fertilization · yield · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Positive and negative results

683 papers: 635 positive, 48 negative or no effect

634 papers in the same direction as this paper · 44 in the opposite direction · 4 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
  2. negative
  3. no effect

679 papers more in this group

See all 683 papers →

drought · symbiosis · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Results agree

6 papers: 0 positive, 6 negative or no effect

5 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. negative

2 papers more in this group

See all 6 papers →

8 of 9 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.