Abstract
Formation of adventitious roots in plants is a common response to hypoxia caused by flooding. In tobacco, after one week of root hypoxia treatment, plants produced twice as many adventitious roots as the aerated plants, but their maximum length was reduced. Hypoxia severely reduced net photosynthesis, transpiration rates, and photosynthetic light responses. Relative transcript abundance of the examined aquaporins in lateral roots was reduced by hypoxia, but in adventitious roots it remained unchanged. This apparent lack of an effect of root hypoxia on the aquaporin expression likely contributed to maintenance of high hydraulic conductance in adventitious roots. Lateral roots had lower porosity compared with adventitious roots and the expression of the ACS (1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase) gene was induced in hypoxic lateral roots, but not in adventitious roots, providing additional evidence that lateral roots were more affected by hypoxia compared with adventitious roots. ATP concentrations were markedly lower in both hypoxic lateral and adventitious roots compared with aerated roots, while the expression of fermentation-related genes, ADH1 (alcohol dehydrogenase 1) and PDC1 (pyruvate decarboxylase 1), was higher in lateral roots compared with adventitious roots. Since root porosity was greater in adventitious compared with lateral roots, the results suggest that the improved O2 delivery and stable root aquaporin expression in adventitious roots were likely the key factors helping flooded tobacco plants maintain high rates of root hydraulic conductance and, consequently, shoot gas exchange.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Hypoxic tobacco produced twice as many adventitious roots after one week.
- Taxon
- tobacco
Nicotiana tabacume0 - Treatment
- root hypoxia treatmente0
- Outcome
- adventitious rootse0
- Direction
- twice as manye0
- Value
- twicee0
- Qualifier
- after one weeke0
- Comparator
- aerated plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In tobacco, after one week of root hypoxia treatment, plants produced twice as many adventitious roots as the aerated plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Hypoxia reduced maximum adventitious-root length.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- root hypoxiae1
- Outcome
- maximum lengthe0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“but their maximum length was reduced.”
t0“tobacco”
e1“after one week of root hypoxia treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Hypoxia severely reduced net photosynthesis, transpiration, and light response.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- Hypoxiae0
- Outcome
- net photosynthesis, transpiration rates, and photosynthetic light responsese0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Hypoxia severely reduced net photosynthesis, transpiration rates, and photosynthetic light responses.”
t0“tobacco”
Claim · model-written summary
Hypoxia reduced aquaporin transcripts in lateral roots.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Organ / stage
- lateral rootse0
- Treatment
- hypoxiae0
- Gene
- aquaporinse0
- Outcome
- Relative transcript abundance of the examined aquaporinse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Relative transcript abundance of the examined aquaporins in lateral roots was reduced by hypoxia”
t0“tobacco”
Claim · model-written summary
Hypoxia left aquaporin transcripts unchanged in adventitious roots.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Organ / stage
- adventitious rootse0
- Treatment
- root hypoxiat0
- Outcome
- aquaporinse1
- Direction
- unchangede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“but in adventitious roots it remained unchanged.”
t0“tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) exposed to root hypoxia”
e1“Relative transcript abundance of the examined aquaporins in lateral roots was reduced by hypoxia”
Claim · model-written summary
Lateral roots had lower porosity than adventitious roots.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Organ / stage
- Lateral rootse0
- Outcome
- porositye0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- adventitious rootse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Lateral roots had lower porosity compared with adventitious roots”
t0“tobacco”
Claim · model-written summary
Hypoxia induced ACS expression in lateral roots.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Organ / stage
- lateral rootse0
- Treatment
- hypoxice0
- Gene
- ACSe0
- Outcome
- expression of the ACS (1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase) genee0
- Direction
- inducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“expression of the ACS (1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase) gene was induced in hypoxic lateral roots”
t0“tobacco”
Claim · model-written summary
Hypoxia did not induce ACS expression in adventitious roots.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Organ / stage
- adventitious rootse0
- Treatment
- root hypoxiat0
- Outcome
- ACSe1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“but not in adventitious roots”
t0“tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) exposed to root hypoxia”
e1“expression of the ACS (1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase) gene was induced in hypoxic lateral roots”
Claim · model-written summary
ATP concentrations were lower in both hypoxic root types than aerated roots.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Organ / stage
- lateral and adventitious rootse0
- Treatment
- hypoxice0
- Outcome
- ATP concentrationse0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- aerated rootse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ATP concentrations were markedly lower in both hypoxic lateral and adventitious roots compared with aerated roots”
t0“tobacco”
Claim · model-written summary
ADH1 and PDC1 expression was higher in lateral than adventitious roots.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Organ / stage
- lateral rootse0
- Gene
- ADH1 (alcohol dehydrogenase 1) and PDC1 (pyruvate decarboxylase 1)e0
- Outcome
- expression of fermentation-related genese0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- adventitious rootse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“expression of fermentation-related genes, ADH1 (alcohol dehydrogenase 1) and PDC1 (pyruvate decarboxylase 1), was higher in lateral roots compared with adventitious roots.”
t0“tobacco”
Claim · model-written summary
Greater porosity and stable aquaporin expression in adventitious roots likely maintained hydraulic conductance and shoot gas exchange.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume0
- Outcome
- root hydraulic conductance and, consequently, shoot gas exchangee0
- Qualifier
- improved O2 delivery and stable root aquaporin expressione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the improved O2 delivery and stable root aquaporin expression in adventitious roots were likely the key factors helping flooded tobacco plants maintain high rates of root hydraulic conductance and, consequently, shoot gas exchange.”
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