Abstract
Low soil pH and calcium (Ca) deficiency in both the root and pod-zone are important problems for groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) production world over on account of the light-textured nature of the soils suitable for its production. An experiment was conducted to examine the interaction of pH and Ca supply in the pod-zone on reproductive growth of groundnut. Attached gynophores were cultured singly in solutions at three pH levels (3.5, 5.0 and 6.5) in factorial combination with three solution Ca concentration levels (500, 1000 and 2000 µM). Generally, low pH had an adverse effect on the reproductive growth of groundnut. Approximately 58% of the gynophores cultured in treatment combinations with pH 3.5 produced normal pods, compared to 94% in combinations with pH 5.0 and 6.5. Both pod mass and seed mass were also severely depressed in treatment combinations with pH 3.5 compared to combinations with pH 5.0 and pH 6.5. Increasing Ca from 500 to 2000 µM Ca at low pH had limited ameliorative effect on pod-set, pod and seed mass whereas positive responses were higher at the intermediate pH of 5.0. A combination of high Ca and pH appeared to be detrimental to pod and seed growth. Pods formed at higher pH and Ca levels generally had dense cover of hairs.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
At pH 3.5, about 58% of cultured gynophores made normal pods versus 94% at pH 5.0 and 6.5.
- Taxon
- groundnut
Arachis hypogaeat0 - Treatment
- pH 3.5e0
- Outcome
- produced normal podse0
- Direction
- lowerinferrede0
- Value
- 58%e0
- Qualifier
- 94%e0
- Comparator
- pH 5.0 and 6.5e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Approximately 58% of the gynophores cultured in treatment combinations with pH 3.5 produced normal pods, compared to 94% in combinations with pH 5.0 and 6.5.”
t0“groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Pod mass was severely depressed at pH 3.5 versus pH 5.0 and 6.5.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- pH 3.5e0
- Outcome
- pod masse0
- Direction
- severely depressede0
- Comparator
- pH 5.0 and pH 6.5e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both pod mass and seed mass were also severely depressed in treatment combinations with pH 3.5 compared to combinations with pH 5.0 and pH 6.5.”
t0“groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed mass was severely depressed at pH 3.5 versus pH 5.0 and 6.5.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- pH 3.5e0
- Outcome
- seed masse0
- Direction
- severely depressede0
- Comparator
- pH 5.0 and pH 6.5e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both pod mass and seed mass were also severely depressed in treatment combinations with pH 3.5 compared to combinations with pH 5.0 and pH 6.5.”
t0“groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing calcium from 500 to 2000 µM at low pH had limited ameliorative effects on pod-set.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- Increasing Ca from 500 to 2000 µM Cae0
- Outcome
- pod-sete0
- Direction
- limited ameliorative effecte0
- Qualifier
- at low pHe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increasing Ca from 500 to 2000 µM Ca at low pH had limited ameliorative effect on pod-set, pod and seed mass whereas positive responses were higher at the intermediate pH of 5.0.”
t0“groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing calcium from 500 to 2000 µM at low pH had limited ameliorative effects on pod and seed mass, with higher positive responses at pH 5.0.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- Increasing Ca from 500 to 2000 µM Cae0
- Outcome
- pod and seed masse0
- Direction
- positive responses were highere0
- Qualifier
- intermediate pH of 5.0e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increasing Ca from 500 to 2000 µM Ca at low pH had limited ameliorative effect on pod-set, pod and seed mass whereas positive responses were higher at the intermediate pH of 5.0.”
t0“groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
High calcium combined with high pH appeared detrimental to pod and seed growth.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- high Ca and pHe0
- Outcome
- pod and seed growthe0
- Direction
- detrimentale0
- Qualifier
- appeared to bee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A combination of high Ca and pH appeared to be detrimental to pod and seed growth.”
t0“groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Pods formed at higher pH and calcium generally had dense hairs.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Organ / stage
- Podse0
- Outcome
- dense cover of hairse0
- Qualifier
- higher pH and Ca levelse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pods formed at higher pH and Ca levels generally had dense cover of hairs.”
t0“groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)”
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