Abstract
Strawberries are rich in antioxidants and plant components to enhance cardiac health and regulate blood sugar. This experiment investigates the effects of N fertilization and foliar spraying with calcium (Ca) and boron (B) on growth, chemical composition of plant foliage, fruit yield, and quality of strawberry plants (Fragaria × ananassa Duch. cv. Fortuna). This experiment includes 12 treatments from the combination between four N fertilizers treatments (combinations of mineral and organic fertilizers) and three foliar spraying treatments with Ca+B at 2 and 4 mL/L in addition to the control treatment (spraying with tap water). Results show that the treatment where 50% of the recommended dose of N (50% RDN) was applied with mineral fertilizer + 100% organic N was the most effective one since it induced the highest values of plant height, number of crowns per plant, number of leaves per plant, fresh and dry weight per plant, especially when combined with the foliar application of Ca+B at the highest tested rate (4 mL/L). The highest values of N, P, K, Ca, B, and total carbohydrate contents were also scored for the combination of 50% RDN + 100% organic N and the foliar spraying with Ca+B at 4 mL/L in both growing seasons. In addition, the highest values of fruit yield per plant and per hectare, exportable fruit yield/ha, fruit firmness, fruit TSS, Vitamin C, total sugars, and anthocyanin, as well as the lowest values of total acidity were recorded for the combined treatment of 50% RDN + 100% organic and Ca+B at the highest rate (4 mL/L). The highest recorded value of length, diameter, and weight of fruit were scored by fertilizing strawberry plants with the recommended dose of mineral N (100% RDN) and spraying with Ca+B at the highest rate in both growing seasons. In conclusion, it could be suggested that fertilization of strawberry plants with half the recommended dose with mineral N fertilizer + 100% organic fertilizer and foliar spraying with Ca+B at 4 mL/L increases plant growth and improve yield parameters and fruit quality of the strawberry plants.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizing with 50% RDN plus 100% organic N gave the highest plant height, number of crowns and number of leaves per plant.
- Taxon
- strawberry plants
_single2.jpg?width=60)
Fragaria ×ananassae0 - Treatment
- 50% of the recommended dose of N (50% RDN) was applied with mineral fertilizer + 100% organic Ne2
- Outcome
- plant height, number of crowns per plant, number of leaves per plante1
- Direction
- higheste1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_single2.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“quality of strawberry plants”
e1“it induced the highest values of plant height, number of crowns per plant, number of leaves per plant, fresh and dry weight per plant”
e2“the treatment where 50% of the recommended dose of N (50% RDN) was applied with mineral fertilizer + 100% organic N”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizing with 50% RDN plus 100% organic N gave the highest fresh and dry weight per plant.
- Taxon
- strawberry plantsFragaria ×ananassae0
- Treatment
- 50% of the recommended dose of N (50% RDN) was applied with mineral fertilizer + 100% organic Ne2
- Outcome
- fresh and dry weight per plante1
- Direction
- higheste1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“quality of strawberry plants”
e1“it induced the highest values of plant height, number of crowns per plant, number of leaves per plant, fresh and dry weight per plant”
e2“the treatment where 50% of the recommended dose of N (50% RDN) was applied with mineral fertilizer + 100% organic N”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest N, P and K contents were found for 50% RDN plus 100% organic N with foliar Ca+B at 4 mL/L, in both growing seasons.
- Taxon
- strawberry plantsFragaria ×ananassae0
- Treatment
- 50% RDN + 100% organic N and the foliar spraying with Ca+B at 4 mL/Le4
- Outcome
- N, P, Ke4
- Direction
- higheste4
- Setting
- both growing seasonse4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“quality of strawberry plants”
e4“The highest values of N, P, K, Ca, B, and total carbohydrate contents were also scored for the combination of 50% RDN + 100% organic N and the foliar spraying with Ca+B at 4 mL/L in both growing seasons”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest Ca, B and total carbohydrate contents were found for 50% RDN plus 100% organic N with foliar Ca+B at 4 mL/L, in both growing seasons.
- Taxon
- strawberry plantsFragaria ×ananassae0
- Treatment
- 50% RDN + 100% organic N and the foliar spraying with Ca+B at 4 mL/Le4
- Outcome
- Ca, B, and total carbohydrate contentse4
- Direction
- higheste4
- Setting
- both growing seasonse4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“quality of strawberry plants”
e4“The highest values of N, P, K, Ca, B, and total carbohydrate contents were also scored for the combination of 50% RDN + 100% organic N and the foliar spraying with Ca+B at 4 mL/L in both growing seasons”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruit yield per plant and per hectare and exportable fruit yield per hectare were highest for the combined treatment of 50% RDN plus 100% organic N and Ca+B at 4 mL/L.
- Taxon
- strawberry plantsFragaria ×ananassae0
- Treatment
- 50% RDN + 100% organic and Ca+B at the highest rate (4 mL/L)e5
- Outcome
- fruit yield per plant and per hectare, exportable fruit yield/hae5
- Direction
- higheste5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“quality of strawberry plants”
e5“the highest values of fruit yield per plant and per hectare, exportable fruit yield/ha, fruit firmness, fruit TSS, Vitamin C, total sugars, and anthocyanin, as well as the lowest values of total acidity were recorded for the combined treatment of 50% RDN + 100% organic and Ca+B at the highest rate (4 mL/L)”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruit firmness, fruit TSS and Vitamin C were highest for the combined treatment of 50% RDN plus 100% organic N and Ca+B at 4 mL/L.
- Taxon
- strawberry plantsFragaria ×ananassae0
- Treatment
- 50% RDN + 100% organic and Ca+B at the highest rate (4 mL/L)e5
- Outcome
- fruit firmness, fruit TSS, Vitamin Ce5
- Direction
- higheste5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“quality of strawberry plants”
e5“the highest values of fruit yield per plant and per hectare, exportable fruit yield/ha, fruit firmness, fruit TSS, Vitamin C, total sugars, and anthocyanin, as well as the lowest values of total acidity were recorded for the combined treatment of 50% RDN + 100% organic and Ca+B at the highest rate (4 mL/L)”
Claim · model-written summary
Total sugars and anthocyanin were highest for the combined treatment of 50% RDN plus 100% organic N and Ca+B at 4 mL/L.
- Taxon
- strawberry plantsFragaria ×ananassae0
- Treatment
- 50% RDN + 100% organic and Ca+B at the highest rate (4 mL/L)e5
- Outcome
- total sugars, and anthocyanine5
- Direction
- higheste5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“quality of strawberry plants”
e5“the highest values of fruit yield per plant and per hectare, exportable fruit yield/ha, fruit firmness, fruit TSS, Vitamin C, total sugars, and anthocyanin, as well as the lowest values of total acidity were recorded for the combined treatment of 50% RDN + 100% organic and Ca+B at the highest rate (4 mL/L)”
Claim · model-written summary
Total acidity was lowest for the combined treatment of 50% RDN plus 100% organic N and Ca+B at 4 mL/L.
- Taxon
- strawberry plantsFragaria ×ananassae0
- Treatment
- 50% RDN + 100% organic and Ca+B at the highest rate (4 mL/L)e5
- Outcome
- total aciditye5
- Direction
- loweste5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“quality of strawberry plants”
e5“the highest values of fruit yield per plant and per hectare, exportable fruit yield/ha, fruit firmness, fruit TSS, Vitamin C, total sugars, and anthocyanin, as well as the lowest values of total acidity were recorded for the combined treatment of 50% RDN + 100% organic and Ca+B at the highest rate (4 mL/L)”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruit length, diameter and weight were highest with 100% RDN mineral N plus Ca+B at the highest rate, in both growing seasons.
- Taxon
- strawberry plantsFragaria ×ananassae6
- Treatment
- fertilizing strawberry plants with the recommended dose of mineral N (100% RDN) and spraying with Ca+B at the highest ratee6
- Outcome
- length, diameter, and weight of fruite6
- Direction
- higheste6
- Setting
- both growing seasonse6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“The highest recorded value of length, diameter, and weight of fruit were scored by fertilizing strawberry plants with the recommended dose of mineral N (100% RDN) and spraying with Ca+B at the highest rate in both growing seasons”
Claim · model-written summary
Half the recommended N dose as mineral fertilizer plus 100% organic fertilizer with foliar Ca+B at 4 mL/L could be suggested to increase plant growth, yield parameters and fruit quality.
- Taxon
- strawberry plantsFragaria ×ananassae7
- Treatment
- fertilization of strawberry plants with half the recommended dose with mineral N fertilizer + 100% organic fertilizer and foliar spraying with Ca+B at 4 mL/Le7
- Outcome
- yield parameters and fruit qualitye7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“fertilization of strawberry plants with half the recommended dose with mineral N fertilizer + 100% organic fertilizer and foliar spraying with Ca+B at 4 mL/L increases plant growth and improve yield parameters and fruit quality”
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See all 141 papers →8 of 9 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.