Abstract
This investigation was carried out during the two successive seasons 2008and 2009 on 25- years old Washington Navel orange trees grown in anorchard at El- Nobaria sector, El- Behera governorate to study the effect offoliar spraying with urea (0.5%), a mixture of Zn (0.4%), Mn (0.3%),Fe(o.5%) and Cu (0.3%) in sulphate salts form (23% Zn, 28% Mn, 19% Feand 30%Cu), respectively and two growth regulators, GA3 at 25 ppm andNAA at 10ppm. The trees spraying were two ones, the first before flowering(the third week of Feb.), and the second spraying applied four weeks afterfruit set to study the effect of these treatments on some vegetative growthcharacters and leaf mineral contents, Fruiting aspects (set, drop and Preharvest drop) percentage, yield per tree by number and weight, as well as theaverage weight of fruits and some fruit physical and chemical properties. Theobtained results showed that the treatments included spraying Ureaµnutrients (Zn, Mn, Fe and Cu), Urea and NAA achieved the highestvalues for average leaf area and shoot diameter. Regarding shoot length,Urea& micronutrients followed by GA3 had the highest values. Leaf analysisshowed that the highest values of leaf N content obtained by using Urea,Urea& micronutrients, GA3 and NAA, respectively. The lowered values ofleaf N content recorded when using micronutrients treatment followed bycontrol. All treatments were significantly effective in increasing fruit set andreducing fruit drop as compared with control. Application of NAA, Urea µnutrients and GA3 significantly increased fruit set percentage andreduced June and pre-harvest fruit drop, however NAA was more effective inreducing fruit drop than GA3. Spraying Washington Navel orange trees withUrea & micronutrients and NAA significantly increased the number of fruitper tree, yield per tree. However, the treatment included both of Urea µnutrients Followed by GA3 were the most effective in increasing fruitweight and pulp weight. Spraying of Urea and micronutrients slightly reducedjuice acidity and increased T.S.S., total sugars and ascorbic acid contents aswell as T.S.S./ acid ratio. In the contrary, either of GA3 or NAA caused thesame increase in ascorbic acid content in the juice.
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Claims 18
Claim · model-written summary
Urea with micronutrients produced high leaf area and shoot diameter.
- Taxon
- WASHINGTON NAVEL ORANGE TREESt0
- Treatment
- Ureaµnutrients (Zn, Mn, Fe and Cu)e0
- Outcome
- average leaf area and shoot diametere0
- Direction
- highestvaluese0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“spraying Ureaµnutrients (Zn, Mn, Fe and Cu), Urea and NAA achieved the highestvalues for average leaf area and shoot diameter”
t0“WASHINGTON NAVEL ORANGE TREES”
Claim · model-written summary
Urea alone produced high leaf area and shoot diameter.
- Taxon
- WASHINGTON NAVEL ORANGE TREESt0
- Treatment
- Ureae0
- Outcome
- average leaf area and shoot diametere0
- Direction
- highestvaluese0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“spraying Ureaµnutrients (Zn, Mn, Fe and Cu), Urea and NAA achieved the highestvalues for average leaf area and shoot diameter”
t0“WASHINGTON NAVEL ORANGE TREES”
Claim · model-written summary
NAA produced high leaf area and shoot diameter.
- Taxon
- WASHINGTON NAVEL ORANGE TREESt0
- Treatment
- NAAe0
- Outcome
- average leaf area and shoot diametere0
- Direction
- highestvaluese0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“spraying Ureaµnutrients (Zn, Mn, Fe and Cu), Urea and NAA achieved the highestvalues for average leaf area and shoot diameter”
t0“WASHINGTON NAVEL ORANGE TREES”
Claim · model-written summary
Urea with micronutrients gave the highest shoot length.
- Taxon
- WASHINGTON NAVEL ORANGE TREESt0
- Treatment
- Urea& micronutrientse0
- Outcome
- shoot lengthe0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Regarding shoot length,Urea& micronutrients followed by GA3 had the highest values”
t0“WASHINGTON NAVEL ORANGE TREES”
Claim · model-written summary
GA3 gave high shoot length following urea with micronutrients.
Verbatim
e0“Regarding shoot length,Urea& micronutrients followed by GA3 had the highest values”
t0“WASHINGTON NAVEL ORANGE TREES”
Claim · model-written summary
Urea produced the highest leaf nitrogen content.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“the highest values of leaf N content obtained by using Urea,Urea& micronutrients, GA3 and NAA, respectively”
t0“WASHINGTON NAVEL ORANGE TREES”
Claim · model-written summary
Micronutrients alone produced low leaf nitrogen content.
Verbatim
e0“The lowered values ofleaf N content recorded when using micronutrients treatment followed bycontrol.”
t0“WASHINGTON NAVEL ORANGE TREES”
Claim · model-written summary
All spray treatments significantly increased fruit set versus control.
Verbatim
e0“All treatments were significantly effective in increasing fruit set andreducing fruit drop as compared with control.”
t0“WASHINGTON NAVEL ORANGE TREES”
Claim · model-written summary
All spray treatments significantly reduced fruit drop versus control.
Verbatim
e0“All treatments were significantly effective in increasing fruit set andreducing fruit drop as compared with control.”
t0“WASHINGTON NAVEL ORANGE TREES”
Claim · model-written summary
NAA reduced fruit drop more effectively than GA3.
Verbatim
e0“NAA was more effective inreducing fruit drop than GA3”
t0“WASHINGTON NAVEL ORANGE TREES”
Claim · model-written summary
Urea with micronutrients significantly increased fruit number and yield per tree.
- Taxon
- WASHINGTON NAVEL ORANGE TREESt0
- Treatment
- Urea & micronutrientse0
- Outcome
- number of fruitper tree, yield per treee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Urea & micronutrients and NAA significantly increased the number of fruitper tree, yield per tree”
t0“WASHINGTON NAVEL ORANGE TREES”
Claim · model-written summary
NAA significantly increased fruit number and yield per tree.
- Taxon
- WASHINGTON NAVEL ORANGE TREESt0
- Treatment
- NAAe0
- Outcome
- number of fruitper tree, yield per treee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Urea & micronutrients and NAA significantly increased the number of fruitper tree, yield per tree”
t0“WASHINGTON NAVEL ORANGE TREES”
Claim · model-written summary
Urea with micronutrients most effectively increased fruit and pulp weight.
- Taxon
- WASHINGTON NAVEL ORANGE TREESt0
- Treatment
- Urea µnutrientse0
- Outcome
- fruitweight and pulp weighte0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Urea µnutrients Followed by GA3 were the most effective in increasing fruitweight and pulp weight”
t0“WASHINGTON NAVEL ORANGE TREES”
Claim · model-written summary
GA3 also increased fruit and pulp weight.
- Taxon
- WASHINGTON NAVEL ORANGE TREESt0
- Treatment
- GA3e0
- Outcome
- fruitweight and pulp weighte0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Urea µnutrients Followed by GA3 were the most effective in increasing fruitweight and pulp weight”
t0“WASHINGTON NAVEL ORANGE TREES”
Claim · model-written summary
Urea plus micronutrients slightly reduced juice acidity.
- Taxon
- WASHINGTON NAVEL ORANGE TREESt0
- Treatment
- Urea and micronutrientse0
- Outcome
- juice aciditye0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Spraying of Urea and micronutrients slightly reducedjuice acidity”
t0“WASHINGTON NAVEL ORANGE TREES”
Claim · model-written summary
Urea plus micronutrients increased soluble solids, total sugars, ascorbic acid and soluble-solids-to-acid ratio.
- Taxon
- WASHINGTON NAVEL ORANGE TREESt0
- Treatment
- Urea and micronutrientse0
- Outcome
- T.S.S., total sugars and ascorbic acid contentse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Spraying of Urea and micronutrients slightly reducedjuice acidity and increased T.S.S., total sugars and ascorbic acid contents aswell as T.S.S./ acid ratio.”
t0“WASHINGTON NAVEL ORANGE TREES”
Claim · model-written summary
GA3 increased juice ascorbic acid content.
- Taxon
- WASHINGTON NAVEL ORANGE TREESt0
- Treatment
- GA3e0
- Outcome
- ascorbic acid content in the juicee0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“either of GA3 or NAA caused thesame increase in ascorbic acid content in the juice”
t0“WASHINGTON NAVEL ORANGE TREES”
Claim · model-written summary
NAA increased juice ascorbic acid content.
- Taxon
- WASHINGTON NAVEL ORANGE TREESt0
- Treatment
- NAAe0
- Outcome
- ascorbic acid content in the juicee0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“either of GA3 or NAA caused thesame increase in ascorbic acid content in the juice”
t0“WASHINGTON NAVEL ORANGE TREES”
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See all 12 papers →8 of 15 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.