Abstract
Soil salinization has increased over recent years and is negatively affecting crop productivity. Nutrient application is an effective strategy to improve abiotic stress tolerance in crops. The application of coated fertilizers has emerged as an excellent approach to mitigate the adverse impacts of soil salinity. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the effects of zinc and sulfur coated urea on the performance of wheat growing under saline conditions. The study comprised of diverse salinity stress levels; 0, 6 and 12 dS m-1, cross combined with normal urea (NU), zinc coated urea (ZCU) and sulfur coated urea (SCU). Salinity stress reduced wheat yield by impairing leaf water status, reducing photosynthetic pigments, osmolytes accumulation, potassium (K) and nitrogen (N) uptake while increasing sodium (Na) and chloride (Cl) uptake and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA) and electrolyte leakage (EL) accumulation. The application of ZCU increased the wheat yield by enhancing photosynthetic pigments, leaf water status, antioxidant activities, osmolytes accumulation, and reducing H2O2, MDA and EL accumulation. Furthermore, the significant increase in growth and yield of wheat with ZCU and SCU was also linked with improved K and N uptake, higher nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and reduced Na and Cl concentration. Thus, the application of ZCU could be an effective approach to improve wheat productivity under saline conditions.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity stress reduced wheat yield.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- Salinity stresse0
- Outcome
- wheat yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“Salinity stress reduced wheat yield by impairing leaf water status, reducing photosynthetic pigments, osmolytes accumulation, potassium (K) and nitrogen (N) uptake while increasing sodium (Na) and chloride (Cl) uptake and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA) and electrolyte leakage (EL) accumulation.”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity stress impaired leaf water status and reduced photosynthetic pigments and osmolyte accumulation.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Salinity stresse0
- Outcome
- leaf water status, reducing photosynthetic pigments, osmolytes accumulatione0
- Direction
- reducinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“Salinity stress reduced wheat yield by impairing leaf water status, reducing photosynthetic pigments, osmolytes accumulation”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity stress reduced potassium and nitrogen uptake.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- potassium (K) and nitrogen (N) uptakee0
Not reportedTreatmentComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“potassium (K) and nitrogen (N) uptake while increasing sodium (Na) and chloride (Cl) uptake”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity stress increased sodium and chloride uptake.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- sodium (Na) and chloride (Cl) uptakee0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“while increasing sodium (Na) and chloride (Cl) uptake”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity stress increased hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde and electrolyte leakage accumulation.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA) and electrolyte leakage (EL) accumulatione0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“while increasing sodium (Na) and chloride (Cl) uptake and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA) and electrolyte leakage (EL) accumulation”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc coated urea increased wheat yield.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- ZCUe0
- Outcome
- wheat yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“The application of ZCU increased the wheat yield by enhancing photosynthetic pigments, leaf water status, antioxidant activities, osmolytes accumulation, and reducing H2O2, MDA and EL accumulation.”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc coated urea enhanced photosynthetic pigments, leaf water status and antioxidant activities.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- ZCUe0
- Outcome
- photosynthetic pigments, leaf water status, antioxidant activitiese0
- Direction
- enhancinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“The application of ZCU increased the wheat yield by enhancing photosynthetic pigments, leaf water status, antioxidant activities, osmolytes accumulation”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc coated urea enhanced osmolyte accumulation.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- osmolytes accumulatione0
- Direction
- enhancinge0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“enhancing photosynthetic pigments, leaf water status, antioxidant activities, osmolytes accumulation”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc coated urea reduced hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde and electrolyte leakage accumulation.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- H2O2, MDA and EL accumulatione0
- Direction
- reducinge0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“reducing H2O2, MDA and EL accumulation”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc and sulfur coated urea significantly increased wheat growth and yield.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- ZCU and SCUe0
- Outcome
- growth and yield of wheate0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“the significant increase in growth and yield of wheat with ZCU and SCU”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc and sulfur coated urea improved potassium and nitrogen uptake and nitrogen use efficiency.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- ZCU and SCUe0
- Outcome
- K and N uptake, higher nitrogen use efficiency (NUE)e0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“with ZCU and SCU was also linked with improved K and N uptake, higher nitrogen use efficiency (NUE)”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc and sulfur coated urea reduced sodium and chloride concentrations.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- ZCU and SCUe0
- Outcome
- Na and Cl concentratione0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“with ZCU and SCU was also linked with improved K and N uptake, higher nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and reduced Na and Cl concentration”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc coated urea could improve wheat productivity under saline conditions.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- ZCUe0
- Outcome
- improve wheat productivitye0
- Qualifier
- under saline conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“the application of ZCU could be an effective approach to improve wheat productivity under saline conditions”
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See all 174 papers →8 of 13 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.