Abstract
BACKGROUND: Sustainable crop production along with best nutrient use efficiency is the key indicator of smart agriculture. Foliar application of plant nutrients can complement soil fertilization with improved nutrient uptake, translocation and utilization. Recent developments in slow releasing, nano-fertilizers in agriculture, begins a new era for sustainable use and management of natural resources. This study aims to explore the effectiveness of nano-nitrogen usage on plant growth, yield attributes and sustaining rice production while optimizing fertilizer N application through conventional (prilled urea) and nano-N source under salt stress conditions. RESULTS: ) and sodic stress (pH ∼ 9.1) conditions along with normal soils to dissect the beneficial response of nano-N in two rice varieties (CSR 30 and PB 1121). Salt stress affected the plant performance by decreasing leaf relative water content upto 10%, total chlorophyll content by 1.3-1.5%, leaf area upto 29.9%, gas exchange attributes by 10-39%, with concomitant yield reductions upto ∼ 4%. Collateral improvement in leaf greenness (SPAD index) crop growth rate and net assimilation rate was observed with foliar application of Nano-N. 0.2-1.64% enhancement in growth traits, 0.93-1.85% in physiological traits, and comparable yield gains with 100% recommended dose of prilled were comparative with nano-substitutions. Salt tolerant rice variety, CSR-30 performed better than PB 1121 with better expression of morphological, physiological and yield traits under stress conditions and nitrogen substitutions. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, our experimental findings revealed agricultural use of nano-N in improving the plant physiological efficiency and optimizing rice yields with partial N substitution through nano fertilizers under salt stress conditions. These studies are further open for futuristic aspects of long term effects of nano-fertilizers on soil nutrient depletion in correlation to yield enhancement in salt affected soils.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress decreased leaf relative water content by up to 10 percent.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- Salt stresse0
- Outcome
- leaf relative water contente0
- Direction
- decreasinge0
- Value
- 10%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Salt stress affected the plant performance by decreasing leaf relative water content upto 10%, total chlorophyll content by 1.3-1.5%, leaf area upto 29.9%, gas exchange attributes by 10-39%, with concomitant yield reductions upto ∼ 4%.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress decreased total chlorophyll content by 1.3 to 1.5 percent.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Salt stresse0
- Outcome
- total chlorophyll contente0
- Direction
- decreasinge0
- Value
- 1.3-1.5%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Salt stress affected the plant performance by decreasing leaf relative water content upto 10%, total chlorophyll content by 1.3-1.5%, leaf area upto 29.9%, gas exchange attributes by 10-39%, with concomitant yield reductions upto ∼ 4%.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress decreased leaf area by up to 29.9 percent.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Salt stress affected the plant performance by decreasing leaf relative water content upto 10%, total chlorophyll content by 1.3-1.5%, leaf area upto 29.9%, gas exchange attributes by 10-39%, with concomitant yield reductions upto ∼ 4%.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress decreased gas exchange attributes by 10 to 39 percent.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Salt stresse0
- Outcome
- gas exchange attributese0
- Direction
- decreasinge0
- Value
- 10-39%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Salt stress affected the plant performance by decreasing leaf relative water content upto 10%, total chlorophyll content by 1.3-1.5%, leaf area upto 29.9%, gas exchange attributes by 10-39%, with concomitant yield reductions upto ∼ 4%.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress reduced yield by up to about four percent.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Salt stress affected the plant performance by decreasing leaf relative water content upto 10%, total chlorophyll content by 1.3-1.5%, leaf area upto 29.9%, gas exchange attributes by 10-39%, with concomitant yield reductions upto ∼ 4%.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar Nano-N improved leaf greenness, crop growth rate and net assimilation rate.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- foliar application of Nano-Ne0
- Outcome
- leaf greenness (SPAD index) crop growth rate and net assimilation ratee0
- Direction
- improvemente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Collateral improvement in leaf greenness (SPAD index) crop growth rate and net assimilation rate was observed with foliar application of Nano-N.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Nano-nitrogen substitutions enhanced growth traits by 0.2 to 1.64 percent.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- nano-substitutionse0
- Outcome
- growth traitse0
- Direction
- enhancemente0
- Value
- 0.2-1.64%e0
- Comparator
- 100% recommended dose of prillede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“0.2-1.64% enhancement in growth traits, 0.93-1.85% in physiological traits, and comparable yield gains with 100% recommended dose of prilled were comparative with nano-substitutions.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Nano-nitrogen substitutions enhanced physiological traits by 0.93 to 1.85 percent.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- nano-substitutionse0
- Outcome
- physiological traitse0
- Direction
- enhancemente0
- Value
- 0.93-1.85%e0
- Comparator
- 100% recommended dose of prillede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“0.2-1.64% enhancement in growth traits, 0.93-1.85% in physiological traits, and comparable yield gains with 100% recommended dose of prilled were comparative with nano-substitutions.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Nano-nitrogen substitutions gave yield gains comparable with full recommended prilled nitrogen.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- nano-substitutionse0
- Outcome
- yield gainse0
- Direction
- comparablee0
- Comparator
- 100% recommended dose of prillede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“comparable yield gains with 100% recommended dose of prilled were comparative with nano-substitutions.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
CSR-30 performed better than PB 1121 in morphological, physiological and yield traits under stress and nitrogen substitution.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Material
- CSR-30e0
- Outcome
- morphological, physiological and yield traitse0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Qualifier
- under stress conditions and nitrogen substitutionse0
- Comparator
- PB 1121e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Salt tolerant rice variety, CSR-30 performed better than PB 1121 with better expression of morphological, physiological and yield traits under stress conditions and nitrogen substitutions.”
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