Abstract
In order to evaluate the effects of nano Zn oxide, nano Fe oxide and bio fertilizer on variation of some physiological traits and grain filling parameters of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under soil salinity, a factorial experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications in research greenhouse of faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili in 2015. Treatments were included soil salinity in three levels, no-salt or control, salinity 25 and 50 mM respectively, by NaCl, seed inoculation by plant growth promoting rhizobacteria at four levels, no bio fertilizer (F1), seed inoculation by Azotobacter chroococcum strain 5 (F2), Azospirillum lipoferum strain OF (F3), Pseudomonas putida strain 186 (F4) and foliar application at four levels, without nano or foliar application by water as control, application of nano Zn oxide, nano Fe oxide and nano Fe-Zn oxide 1.5 g.lit-1). The results showed that the maximum grain filling components such as maximum of grain weight (0.049 g), grain filling rate (0.00172 g.day-1), grain filling period (52.85 days) and effective grain filling period (39.18 days) were obtained in no salinity, application of nano Zn-Fe oxide and seed inoculation by Pseudomonas. Similar results were obtained for chlorophyll index and quantum yield. Application of nano Zn-Fe oxide increased about 17.40% from grain yield in comparison with no application of nano oxide in the highest salinity level. Generally, it seems that bio fertilizer and nano Zn-Fe oxide can be used as a proper tool for increasing wheat yield under salinity condition.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
No salinity plus nano Zn Fe oxide and Pseudomonas yielded maximum grain weight of 0.049 g.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- application of nano Zn-Fe oxide and seed inoculation by Pseudomonase0
- Interactor
- Pseudomonas
Pseudomonase0symbiont - Outcome
- grain weighte0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 0.049 ge0
- Qualifier
- no salinitye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results showed that the maximum grain filling components such as maximum of grain weight (0.049 g), grain filling rate (0.00172 g.day-1), grain filling period (52.85 days) and effective grain filling period (39.18 days) were obtained in no salinity, application of nano Zn-Fe oxide and seed inoculation by Pseudomonas”
t0“wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The same no salinity treatment gave maximum grain filling rate of 0.00172 g.day-1.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- application of nano Zn-Fe oxide and seed inoculation by Pseudomonase0
- Interactor
- PseudomonasPseudomonase0symbiont
- Outcome
- grain filling ratee0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 0.00172 g.day-1e0
- Qualifier
- no salinitye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results showed that the maximum grain filling components such as maximum of grain weight (0.049 g), grain filling rate (0.00172 g.day-1), grain filling period (52.85 days) and effective grain filling period (39.18 days) were obtained in no salinity, application of nano Zn-Fe oxide and seed inoculation by Pseudomonas”
t0“wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The same treatment gave a maximum grain filling period of 52.85 days.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- application of nano Zn-Fe oxide and seed inoculation by Pseudomonase0
- Interactor
- PseudomonasPseudomonase0symbiont
- Outcome
- grain filling periode0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 52.85 dayse0
- Qualifier
- no salinitye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results showed that the maximum grain filling components such as maximum of grain weight (0.049 g), grain filling rate (0.00172 g.day-1), grain filling period (52.85 days) and effective grain filling period (39.18 days) were obtained in no salinity, application of nano Zn-Fe oxide and seed inoculation by Pseudomonas”
t0“wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The same treatment gave maximum effective grain filling period of 39.18 days.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- application of nano Zn-Fe oxide and seed inoculation by Pseudomonase0
- Interactor
- PseudomonasPseudomonase0symbiont
- Outcome
- effective grain filling periode0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 39.18 dayse0
- Qualifier
- no salinitye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results showed that the maximum grain filling components such as maximum of grain weight (0.049 g), grain filling rate (0.00172 g.day-1), grain filling period (52.85 days) and effective grain filling period (39.18 days) were obtained in no salinity, application of nano Zn-Fe oxide and seed inoculation by Pseudomonas”
t0“wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorophyll index and quantum yield followed similar favorable responses.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- application of nano Zn-Fe oxide and seed inoculation by Pseudomonase1
- Interactor
- PseudomonasPseudomonase1symbiont
- Outcome
- chlorophyll index and quantum yielde0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Similar results were obtained for chlorophyll index and quantum yield”
e1“no salinity, application of nano Zn-Fe oxide and seed inoculation by Pseudomonas”
t0“wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Nano Zn Fe oxide increased wheat grain yield by about 17.40% at the highest salinity.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Application of nano Zn-Fe oxidee0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 17.40%e0
- Qualifier
- highest salinity levele0
- Comparator
- no application of nano oxidee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of nano Zn-Fe oxide increased about 17.40% from grain yield in comparison with no application of nano oxide in the highest salinity level”
t0“wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend bio fertilizer and nano Zn Fe oxide for increasing wheat yield under salinity.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- bio fertilizer and nano Zn-Fe oxidee0
- Outcome
- increasing wheat yielde0
- Qualifier
- under salinity conditione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“bio fertilizer and nano Zn-Fe oxide can be used as a proper tool for increasing wheat yield under salinity condition”
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