Abstract
Chemical fertilizers are a source of soil degradation. In order to mitigate soil degradation and to face the negative impacts of climate change, the use of organic fertilizers, accessible to small farmers can maintain the productivity of cereals including rice. The objective of this experiment is to study the effect of organo-mineral fertilizers on soil chemical properties, growth and physiology parameters and yield of rice. For this purpose, a completely randomized block design with three replications was adopted. Different organic (Fertinova, Organova and Fertinova + Organova) and mineral (NPK + Urea) fertilizers were applied to cultivate the NERICA L19 variety of rice. The soil chemical properties (pH), germination rate, growth, yield and physiological (chlorophyll content) parameters were assessed. The results revealed a germination rate of the grains varying between 87.5 and 100%. Fertinova and Fertinova + Organova had the highest germination rates. Soil pH decreased significantly from initial (6.71 ± 0.01) to final (5.73 ± 0.04) with the development cycle of the rice. Organo-mineral fertilizers influenced significantly (p = 5.36e−09) soil chemical properties by increasing pH (4%) compared to Control. Analysis of variance on growth and yield parameters, yield and chlorophyll content revealed a significant difference (p < 0.05) between fertilizers. Growth and yield parameters and yield were significantly higher in NPK and Fertinova + Organova than in Fertinova, Organova and Control. For the biomass the NPK + Urea recorded significantly highest biomass (488.28 ± 60.83 g). Leaves chlorophyll content varied significantly according to the daytime and the status of leaf development. The higher chlorophyll content was recorded at noon (27.96 ± 0.32 SPAD value) and with young leaves (30.21 ± 0.35 SPAD value). NPK + Urea (29.36 ± 0.45 SPAD value) and Fertinova (27.78 ± 0.40 SPAD value) favored more chlorophyll content in the rice leaves. Rice performed better in NPK + Urea and Fertinova + Organova fertilizers.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Rice grain germination varied between 87.5 and 100%.
- Taxon
- Rice
Oryza sativat0 - Outcome
- germination rate of the grainse0
- Value
- 87.5 and 100%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results revealed a germination rate of the grains varying between 87.5 and 100%.”
t0“Rice (Oryza sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertinova gave one of the highest rice germination rates.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Fertinovae0
- Outcome
- germination ratese0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fertinova and Fertinova + Organova had the highest germination rates.”
t0“Rice (Oryza sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertinova plus Organova gave one of the highest rice germination rates.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Fertinova + Organovae0
- Outcome
- germination ratese0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fertinova and Fertinova + Organova had the highest germination rates.”
t0“Rice (Oryza sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil pH declined significantly during the rice development cycle from 6.71 ± 0.01 to 5.73 ± 0.04.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soil pH decreased significantly from initial (6.71 ± 0.01) to final (5.73 ± 0.04) with the development cycle of the rice.”
Claim · model-written summary
Organo-mineral fertilizers significantly raised soil pH by 4% compared with control.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Organo-mineral fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- pHe0
- Direction
- increasinge0
- Value
- 4%e0
- Comparator
- Controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Organo-mineral fertilizers influenced significantly (p = 5.36e−09) soil chemical properties by increasing pH (4%) compared to Control.”
t0“Rice (Oryza sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice growth parameters, yield parameters, yield, and chlorophyll content differed significantly among fertilizers.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- growth and yield parameters, yield and chlorophyll contente0
- Direction
- significant differencee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Analysis of variance on growth and yield parameters, yield and chlorophyll content revealed a significant difference (p < 0.05) between fertilizers.”
t0“Rice (Oryza sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
NPK produced significantly higher rice growth and yield parameters and yield than Fertinova, Organova, and control.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- NPKe0
- Outcome
- Growth and yield parameters and yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- Fertinova, Organova and Controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Growth and yield parameters and yield were significantly higher in NPK and Fertinova + Organova than in Fertinova, Organova and Control.”
t0“Rice (Oryza sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertinova plus Organova produced significantly higher rice growth and yield parameters and yield than Fertinova, Organova, and control.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Fertinova + Organovae0
- Outcome
- Growth and yield parameters and yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- Fertinova, Organova and Controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Growth and yield parameters and yield were significantly higher in NPK and Fertinova + Organova than in Fertinova, Organova and Control.”
t0“Rice (Oryza sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
NPK plus Urea produced the highest biomass, 488.28 ± 60.83 g.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- NPK + Ureae0
- Outcome
- biomasse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 488.28 ± 60.83 ge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For the biomass the NPK + Urea recorded significantly highest biomass (488.28 ± 60.83 g).”
t0“Rice (Oryza sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice leaf chlorophyll content varied significantly by time of day and leaf development status.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- status of leaf developmente0
- Outcome
- Leaves chlorophyll contente0
- Qualifier
- daytimee0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Leaves chlorophyll content varied significantly according to the daytime and the status of leaf development.”
t0“Rice (Oryza sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorophyll content was higher at noon, at 27.96 ± 0.32 SPAD value.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll contente0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 27.96 ± 0.32 SPAD valuee0
- Qualifier
- noone0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The higher chlorophyll content was recorded at noon (27.96 ± 0.32 SPAD value) and with young leaves (30.21 ± 0.35 SPAD value).”
t0“Rice (Oryza sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorophyll content was higher in young leaves, at 30.21 ± 0.35 SPAD value.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- young leavese0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll contente0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 30.21 ± 0.35 SPAD valuee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The higher chlorophyll content was recorded at noon (27.96 ± 0.32 SPAD value) and with young leaves (30.21 ± 0.35 SPAD value).”
t0“Rice (Oryza sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
NPK plus Urea favored rice leaf chlorophyll content, measured at 29.36 ± 0.45 SPAD value.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- NPK + Ureae0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll contente0
- Direction
- moree0
- Value
- 29.36 ± 0.45 SPAD valuee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“NPK + Urea (29.36 ± 0.45 SPAD value) and Fertinova (27.78 ± 0.40 SPAD value) favored more chlorophyll content in the rice leaves.”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertinova favored rice leaf chlorophyll content, measured at 27.78 ± 0.40 SPAD value.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- Fertinovae0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll contente0
- Direction
- moree0
- Value
- 27.78 ± 0.40 SPAD valuee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“NPK + Urea (29.36 ± 0.45 SPAD value) and Fertinova (27.78 ± 0.40 SPAD value) favored more chlorophyll content in the rice leaves.”
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