Abstract
ABSTRACT Introduction Silicon, as a nutrient, has been widely studied for its role as a nano‐fertilizer and in other innovative agricultural applications. The increasing use of silica nanoparticles (Si‐NPs) in advanced research across multiple disciplines highlights their broad usefulness in various scientific and technological fields. Despite being a well‐studied nutrient, there have been relatively few investigations into its application under optimal conditions and the effects of nutrient leaching in soil. Materials and Methods In this study, Si‐NPs were biogenically synthesized from rice straw and were characterized using DLS, XRD, FTIR, and FE‐SEM. The effectiveness of Si‐NPs in wheat plants was examined by assessing their impact on morphological, biochemical, and yield‐related parameters, as well as enzymatic activities and silica leaching in soil. Wheat plants were treated with different concentrations of Si‐NPs foliar spray (30, 60, 90, and 120 mg L −1 ). Results Spherical and agglomerated amorphous Si‐NPs with a hydrodynamic diameter of 132.1 ± 30.37 nm and an average particle size of 36.88 ± 3.70 nm were obtained. Zeta potential values of −36.9 ± 5.29 mV showed good dispersion stability. Among all foliar treatments, plants treated with 60 mg L −1 showed the best results, with statistically significant improvements in plant height, biomass, photosynthetic pigments, protein content, microflora, and yield metrics. Si‐NPs also enhanced silica absorption from soil, resulting in reduced leaching. The yield per pot of plants treated with 60 mg L −1 Si‐NPs was 19.71 g, significantly higher (377.24%) than the control yield per pot of 4.13 g. However, higher doses of Si‐NPs (90 and 120 mg L −1 ) were phytotoxic and showed detrimental effects. The findings of our study highlight the capability of biosynthesized Si‐NPs to act as a bio‐stimulant that improves crop productivity and lays a foundation for subsequent research on dose optimization and sustainable agricultural practices.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Biogenic silica nanoparticles were spherical, agglomerated and amorphous, with reported particle sizes.
- Taxon
- Wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Outcome
- Spherical and agglomerated amorphous Si‐NPse0
- Value
- 132.1 ± 30.37 nme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Spherical and agglomerated amorphous Si‐NPs with a hydrodynamic diameter of 132.1 ± 30.37 nm and an average particle size of 36.88 ± 3.70 nm were obtained.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The silica nanoparticles had a zeta potential indicating good dispersion stability.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- Zeta potential valuese0
- Value
- −36.9 ± 5.29 mVe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Zeta potential values of −36.9 ± 5.29 mV showed good dispersion stability.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The 60 mg L −1 foliar treatment significantly improved wheat height, biomass and photosynthetic pigments.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 60 mg L −1e0
- Outcome
- plant height, biomass, photosynthetic pigmentse0
- Direction
- improvementse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plants treated with 60 mg L −1 showed the best results, with statistically significant improvements in plant height, biomass, photosynthetic pigments, protein content, microflora, and yield metrics.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The 60 mg L −1 foliar treatment significantly improved wheat protein content and microflora.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 60 mg L −1e0
- Outcome
- protein content, microflorae0
- Direction
- improvementse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plants treated with 60 mg L −1 showed the best results, with statistically significant improvements in plant height, biomass, photosynthetic pigments, protein content, microflora, and yield metrics.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat yield per pot at 60 mg L −1 was 19.71 g, 377.24% higher than control yield.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 60 mg L −1 Si‐NPse0
- Outcome
- yield per pote0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 19.71 ge0
- Qualifier
- 377.24%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The yield per pot of plants treated with 60 mg L −1 Si‐NPs was 19.71 g, significantly higher (377.24%) than the control yield per pot of 4.13 g.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Silica nanoparticles enhanced silica absorption from soil.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Si‐NPse0
- Outcome
- silica absorption from soile0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Si‐NPs also enhanced silica absorption from soil, resulting in reduced leaching.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Silica nanoparticle treatment reduced silica leaching from soil.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Si‐NPse0
- Outcome
- leachinge0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Si‐NPs also enhanced silica absorption from soil, resulting in reduced leaching.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The 90 and 120 mg L −1 silica nanoparticle doses were phytotoxic.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 90 and 120 mg L −1e0
- Outcome
- phytotoxic and showed detrimental effectse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“higher doses of Si‐NPs (90 and 120 mg L −1 ) were phytotoxic and showed detrimental effects.”
t0“Wheat”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.