Effect of different tillage practices and nutrient management on growth and yield of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)

Abstract

The field experiment entitled “Effect of different tillage practices and nutrient management on growth and yield of chickpea” was conducted during Rabi season, 2023 at Crop Research Farm in the Department of Agronomy, SHUATS, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh. The experiment layout was in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 10 treatments and replicated thrice. Application of Reduced tillage + 75% RDF + FYM + Biofertilizer produces highest plant height (46.83 cm), maximum number of nodules/plant (21.71) and higher plant dry weight (34.85 g), maximum number of pods/plant (47.65), maximum number of grains/pod (1.91), higher seed yield (1535.18 kg /ha), straw yield (3193.10 kg /ha).

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Claims 7

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The reduced tillage, fertilizer, manure and biofertilizer combination produced highest plant height (46.83 cm).

Taxon: chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
Treatment: Reduced tillage + 75% RDF + FYM + Biofertilizere0
Outcome: plant heighte0
Direction: higheste0
Value: 46.83 cme0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

*Cicer arietinum* · TaxonSanjay Acharya · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0
“chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 85–114 · show in text ↑

e0
“Application of Reduced tillage + 75% RDF + FYM + Biofertilizer produces highest plant height (46.83 cm), maximum number of nodules/plant (21.71) and higher plant dry weight (34.85 g), maximum number of pods/plant (47.65), maximum number of grains/pod (1.91), higher seed yield (1535.18 kg /ha), straw yield (3193.10 kg /ha).”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 353–677 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The reduced tillage, fertilizer, manure and biofertilizer combination produced maximum number of nodules/plant (21.71).

Taxon: chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
Treatment: Reduced tillage + 75% RDF + FYM + Biofertilizere0
Outcome: number of nodules/plante0
Direction: maximume0
Value: 21.71e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

t0
“chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 85–114 · show in text ↑

e0
“Application of Reduced tillage + 75% RDF + FYM + Biofertilizer produces highest plant height (46.83 cm), maximum number of nodules/plant (21.71) and higher plant dry weight (34.85 g), maximum number of pods/plant (47.65), maximum number of grains/pod (1.91), higher seed yield (1535.18 kg /ha), straw yield (3193.10 kg /ha).”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 353–677 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The reduced tillage, fertilizer, manure and biofertilizer combination produced higher plant dry weight (34.85 g).

Taxon: chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
Treatment: Reduced tillage + 75% RDF + FYM + Biofertilizere0
Outcome: plant dry weighte0
Direction: highere0
Value: 34.85 ge0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

t0
“chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 85–114 · show in text ↑

e0
“Application of Reduced tillage + 75% RDF + FYM + Biofertilizer produces highest plant height (46.83 cm), maximum number of nodules/plant (21.71) and higher plant dry weight (34.85 g), maximum number of pods/plant (47.65), maximum number of grains/pod (1.91), higher seed yield (1535.18 kg /ha), straw yield (3193.10 kg /ha).”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 353–677 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The reduced tillage, fertilizer, manure and biofertilizer combination produced maximum number of pods/plant (47.65).

Taxon: chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
Treatment: Reduced tillage + 75% RDF + FYM + Biofertilizere0
Outcome: number of pods/plante0
Direction: maximume0
Value: 47.65e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

t0
“chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 85–114 · show in text ↑

e0
“Application of Reduced tillage + 75% RDF + FYM + Biofertilizer produces highest plant height (46.83 cm), maximum number of nodules/plant (21.71) and higher plant dry weight (34.85 g), maximum number of pods/plant (47.65), maximum number of grains/pod (1.91), higher seed yield (1535.18 kg /ha), straw yield (3193.10 kg /ha).”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 353–677 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The reduced tillage, fertilizer, manure and biofertilizer combination produced maximum number of grains/pod (1.91).

Taxon: chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
Treatment: Reduced tillage + 75% RDF + FYM + Biofertilizere0
Outcome: number of grains/pode0
Direction: maximume0
Value: 1.91e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

t0
“chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 85–114 · show in text ↑

e0
“Application of Reduced tillage + 75% RDF + FYM + Biofertilizer produces highest plant height (46.83 cm), maximum number of nodules/plant (21.71) and higher plant dry weight (34.85 g), maximum number of pods/plant (47.65), maximum number of grains/pod (1.91), higher seed yield (1535.18 kg /ha), straw yield (3193.10 kg /ha).”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 353–677 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The reduced tillage, fertilizer, manure and biofertilizer combination produced higher seed yield (1535.18 kg /ha).

Taxon: chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
Treatment: Reduced tillage + 75% RDF + FYM + Biofertilizere0
Outcome: seed yielde0
Direction: highere0
Value: 1535.18 kg /hae0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

t0
“chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 85–114 · show in text ↑

e0
“Application of Reduced tillage + 75% RDF + FYM + Biofertilizer produces highest plant height (46.83 cm), maximum number of nodules/plant (21.71) and higher plant dry weight (34.85 g), maximum number of pods/plant (47.65), maximum number of grains/pod (1.91), higher seed yield (1535.18 kg /ha), straw yield (3193.10 kg /ha).”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 353–677 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The reduced tillage, fertilizer, manure and biofertilizer combination produced higher straw yield (3193.10 kg /ha).

Taxon: chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
Treatment: Reduced tillage + 75% RDF + FYM + Biofertilizere0
Outcome: straw yielde0
Direction: highere0
Value: 3193.10 kg /hae0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

t0
“chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 85–114 · show in text ↑

e0
“Application of Reduced tillage + 75% RDF + FYM + Biofertilizer produces highest plant height (46.83 cm), maximum number of nodules/plant (21.71) and higher plant dry weight (34.85 g), maximum number of pods/plant (47.65), maximum number of grains/pod (1.91), higher seed yield (1535.18 kg /ha), straw yield (3193.10 kg /ha).”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 353–677 · show in text ↑

fertilization · symbiosis · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Results differ

48 papers: 43 positive, 5 negative or no effect

42 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction

negative
At 30 kg N/ha, fertilizer inhibited chickpea fixation and gave lower NID estimates than NAV.
Seasonal variation in the suitability of different methods for estimating biological nitrogen fixation by grain legumes under rainfed conditions · 1996 · compared with NAV
Opposite direction
negative
Close phosphate placement reduced nodule dry weight in sand.
Triple superphosphate placement affects early growth of chickpea · 2010
Opposite direction
no effect
The three different 15N-labelled fertilizer applications did not affect estimates of N2 fixation in chickpea.
N₂-FIXATION IN CHICKPEA: EFFECT OF HYDROQUINONE AS A UREASE INHIBITOR ON THE STABILITY OF ¹⁵N ENRICHMENT · 2001
Opposite direction

44 papers more in this group

See all 48 papers →

tillage · symbiosis · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Positive and negative results

10 papers: 8 positive, 2 negative or no effect

7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction

no effect
Tillage did not significantly affect N2 fixation.
Sowing time and tillage practice affect chickpea yield and nitrogen fixation. 2. Nitrogen accumulation, nitrogen fixation and soil nitrogen balance · 1996
Opposite direction
no effect
No visible water stress or tillage effects on chickpea nitrogen fixation appeared after waterlogging.
Dinitrogen Fixation by Winter Chickpea Across Scales in Waterlogged Soil in a Mediterranean Climate · 2010
Opposite direction
positive
Raised bed planting increased chickpea nodulation by 30.0% over flat bed planting.
Yield, economics and water use efficiency of chickpea (Cicer arietinum) under various irrigation regimes on raised bed planting system · 2001 · compared with flat bed planting
Same direction

6 papers more in this group

See all 10 papers →

tillage · growth · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Positive and negative results

21 papers: 17 positive, 4 negative or no effect

16 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

17 papers more in this group

See all 21 papers →

tillage · yield · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Positive and negative results

97 papers: 79 positive, 18 negative or no effect

78 papers in the same direction as this paper · 16 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative

negative
No-tillage reduced plant productivity except for weeds, especially in garbanzo.
Soil Food Webs and Carbon Dynamics in Response to Conservation Tillage in California · 2007 · compared with standard tillage + continuous cropping
Opposite direction
negative
The two no-till systems averaged 2100 kg ha-1 chickpea seed yield, 83% of the yield in the tilled-fallow system.
Seed Yield and Yield Stability of Chickpea in Response to Cropping Systems and Soil Fertility in Northern Latitudes · 2009 · compared with tilled‐fallow system
Opposite direction
no effect
Tillage practices did not influence chickpea seed yield in either year.
Impact of conservation practices on crop water use and productivity in chickpea under middle Indo-Gangetic plains · 2012
Opposite direction

93 papers more in this group

See all 97 papers →

fertilization · growth · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Positive and negative results

105 papers: 99 positive, 6 negative or no effect

98 papers in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction

no effect
Pea, faba bean, lentil and chickpea were the least responsive to starter fertilizer in 30-day biomass, with no benefit above 10 kg N per ha.
Effect of starter fertilizer in seed-row on emergence, biomass and nutrient uptake by six pulse crops grown under controlled environment conditions · 2020
Opposite direction
negative
Fertilizer along with seed decreased emergence percentage.
EFFECT OF FERTILIZATION AND SEED SIZE ON NODULATION, YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS OF CHICKPEA (CICER ARIETINUM L.) · 2017
Opposite direction
negative
Close phosphate placement reduced root length and surface area in sand.
Triple superphosphate placement affects early growth of chickpea · 2010
Opposite direction

101 papers more in this group

See all 105 papers →

inoculation · symbiosis · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Positive and negative results

114 papers: 110 positive, 4 negative or no effect

109 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

no effect
Prior bradyrhizobial inoculation did not increase nodule number.
Development and activity of the symbiosis between Bradyrhizobium strains, Glomus species and Cicer arietinum: effect of timing of inoculation and photon irradiance · 1994
Opposite direction
negative
Inoculation with Macrophomina phaseolina decreased the functional nodule count of chick pea.
Seed treatment with bio-fungicides for management of dry root rot of Chick pea caused by Macrophomina phaseolina · 2015
Opposite direction
negative
Chickpea growth and nodulation progressively decreased as the inoculum level of Meloidogyne incognita race 3 increased.
Effect of different inoculum levels of Meloidogyne incognita race 3 on the growth of chickpea · 1992
Opposite direction

110 papers more in this group

See all 114 papers →

inoculation · growth · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Positive and negative results

152 papers: 135 positive, 17 negative or no effect

134 papers in the same direction as this paper · 16 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

negative
Rhizobacterial seed and soil treatment delayed chickpea seedling emergence relative to controls.
Influence of temperature on plant–rhizobacteria interactions related to biocontrol potential for suppression of fusarium wilt of chickpea · 2004 · compared with nontreated controls
Opposite direction
negative
S. rolfsii inoculation alone gave the lowest chickpea shoot and root dry biomass.
Effect of soil amendment with Chenopodium album dry biomass and two Trichoderma species on growth of chickpea var. Noor 2009 in Sclerotium rolfsii contaminated soil · 2020 · compared with without any soil amendment
Opposite direction
no effect
Inoculation with non-AM fungal endophytes had a neutral effect on chickpea biomass.
Genotypic variation in the response of chickpea to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and non-mycorrhizal fungal endophytes · 2018
Opposite direction

148 papers more in this group

See all 152 papers →

inoculation · yield · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Positive and negative results

217 papers: 200 positive, 17 negative or no effect

199 papers in the same direction as this paper · 14 in the opposite direction · 3 reporting no difference from an alternative

213 papers more in this group

See all 217 papers →

8 of 9 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.

Abstract

Claims 7

The same questions in other papers

fertilization · symbiosis · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Results differ

tillage · symbiosis · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Positive and negative results

tillage · growth · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Positive and negative results

tillage · yield · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Positive and negative results

fertilization · growth · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Positive and negative results

inoculation · symbiosis · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Positive and negative results

inoculation · growth · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Positive and negative results

inoculation · yield · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Positive and negative results