Search claims · PlantClaims

rice 8

Mechanismobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Fenoxaprop-linked inhibition of elongation decreased leaf area and shoot dry weight.

Taxon: riceOryza sativat0
Treatment: fenoxaprope0
Outcome: decrease in leaf area and shoot dry weighte0
Qualifier: Inhibition of leaf elongatione0

Verbatim

e0
“Inhibition of leaf elongation by fenoxaprop contributed to an overall decrease in leaf area and shoot dry weight”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 552–664

t0
“Rice”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 26–30

Title

Physiological Response of Rice (Oryza sativa) to Fenoxaprop

Derrick M. Oosterhuis; Stan D. Wullschleger; Ron E. Hampton; et al. Weed Science 1990. doi:10.1017/s0043174500051298

Other claims from this paper (7)

Intervention effect Fenoxaprop produced a white chlorotic leaf band within two days.
Intervention effect Fenoxaprop inhibited rice leaf elongation by 40% after four days.
Intervention effect Fenoxaprop inhibited rice leaf elongation by over 50% after 14 days.
Intervention effect Fenoxaprop reduced net photosynthesis by 35% at 11 days.
Intervention effect Fenoxaprop did not affect stomatal conductance.
Intervention effect Nitrogen fertilization before fenoxaprop increased foliar injury in both rice cultivars.
Observation Mars rice was more susceptible to fenoxaprop injury than Newbonnet rice.

Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Sugar and organic nitrogen changes decreased the fresh to dry weight ratio in OsDOF11 mutants.

Taxon: RiceOryza sativat0
Gene: OsDOF11e0
Outcome: ratio of fresh weight to dry weighte0
Direction: decreasee0
Qualifier: sugar and organic nitrogen changese0

Verbatim

e0
“Both sugar and organic nitrogen changes caused the ratio of fresh weight to dry weight to decrease in OsDOF11 mutant seedling plants and mature leaves”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 985–1135

t0
“Rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 70–92

Title

OsDOF11 Affects Nitrogen Metabolism by Sucrose Transport Signaling in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Xinglei Huang; Yiyan Zhang; Leilei Wang; et al. Frontiers in Plant Science 2021. doi:10.3389/fpls.2021.703034

Other claims from this paper (7)

Mechanism OsDOF11 promoted nitrogen uptake in seedlings and flowering leaf blades.
Mechanism OsDOF11 maintained the fresh to dry weight ratio.
Observation OsSWEET14 mutants had a phenotype similar to OsDOF11 mutants.
Mechanism OsDOF11 affected transcription of amino acid metabolism genes.
Observation Amino acid contents were reduced in flag leaves.
Observation Amino acid contents increased in seeds.
Mechanism The authors suggested reduced metabolic activity and stress susceptibility in OsDOF11 mutants.

Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultnegativebasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

Decrease in rice yield under no-tillage is suggested to be affected by missing and floating hills, paddy soil phase ratio, dissolved oxygen, and shoot and root dry weight.

Taxon: RiceOryza sativat0
Outcome: rice yielde1
Qualifier: missing and floating hill, solid and gaseous phase ratio of paddy soil, dissolved oxygen, shoot dry weight, and root dry weighte1

Verbatim

t0
“Rice Transplanted with 10-Day-Old Seedlings”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 37–80

e1
“There are factors in reducing rice yield in no-tillage cultivation such as missing and floating hill, solid and gaseous phase ratio of paddy soil, dissolved oxygen, shoot dry weight, and root dry weight”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 2295–2497

Title

Weed Occurrence, Growth and Yield of Rice Transplanted with 10-Day-Old Seedlings in Tillage and No-Tillage Paddy Fields

Yong In Kuk; Oh-Do Kwon; Il-Bin Im Korean Journal of Weed Science 2002

Other claims from this paper (13)

wheat 4

Show all 4 →

Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Reduced dry weight per unit area was mainly attributed to reduced dry weight per ear.

Taxon: WheatTriticum aestivumt0
Organ / stage: eare0
Outcome: dry weight per unit areae0
Direction: decreasee0
Qualifier: decrease in the dry weight per eare0

Verbatim

e0
“decrease in the dry weight per unit area is mainly caused by the decrease in the dry weight per ear”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 273–372

t0
“Wheat”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 69–74

e1
“germination and seedling growth of wheat are influenced significantly by soil moisture”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 4–90

Title

Influence of Soil Moisture on the Germination and Seedling Growth of Wheat

Chuanhai Wang Nanjing Qixiang Xueyuan xuebao 2002

Other claims from this paper (4)

Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Delaying sowing reduced dry matter remobilization, mainly through lower stem weight.

Taxon: wheatTriticum aestivumt0
Treatment: delay in sowing datee0
Outcome: dry matter remobilizatione0
Direction: decreasede0
Qualifier: a decrease in stem weighte0

Verbatim

t0
“wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 46–74

e0
“With a delay in sowing date, and/or increase in N - P - K levels, the amount of dry matter remobilization decreased, mainly due to a decrease in stem weight.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1935–2092

Title

Stem reserve accumulation and mobilization in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) as affected by sowing date and N – P – K levels under Mediterranean conditions

AMIR AYNEHBAND; MARYAM VALIPOOR; ESFANDIAR FATEH TURKISH JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY 2011. doi:10.3906/tar-0911-407

Other claims from this paper (9)

Observation Fertilizer levels had similar ordering for pre- and post-anthesis dry matter accumulation.
Intervention effect Fertilized treatments averaged 2% higher dry matter translocation than control.
Intervention effect Sowing date affected pre-anthesis dry matter contribution to reproductive organs more than N-P-K levels.
Intervention effect Early sowing gave the highest mobilized dry matter.
Intervention effect Early sowing gave the highest dry matter in stem internodes.
Intervention effect Early sowing had the lowest mobilization efficiency.
Intervention effect The lowest N-P-K application had the highest mobilization efficiency across stem internodes.
Intervention effect Mobilized dry matter decreased as fertilizer application increased, except in peduncle internodes with early sowing.
Mechanism Increasing N-P-K levels reduced dry matter remobilization, mainly through lower stem weight.

Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Increasing N-P-K levels reduced dry matter remobilization, mainly through lower stem weight.

Taxon: wheatTriticum aestivumt0
Treatment: increase in N - P - K levelse0
Outcome: dry matter remobilizatione0
Direction: decreasede0
Qualifier: a decrease in stem weighte0

Verbatim

t0
“wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 46–74

e0
“With a delay in sowing date, and/or increase in N - P - K levels, the amount of dry matter remobilization decreased, mainly due to a decrease in stem weight.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1935–2092

Title

Stem reserve accumulation and mobilization in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) as affected by sowing date and N – P – K levels under Mediterranean conditions

AMIR AYNEHBAND; MARYAM VALIPOOR; ESFANDIAR FATEH TURKISH JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY 2011. doi:10.3906/tar-0911-407

Other claims from this paper (9)

Observation Fertilizer levels had similar ordering for pre- and post-anthesis dry matter accumulation.
Intervention effect Fertilized treatments averaged 2% higher dry matter translocation than control.
Intervention effect Sowing date affected pre-anthesis dry matter contribution to reproductive organs more than N-P-K levels.
Intervention effect Early sowing gave the highest mobilized dry matter.
Intervention effect Early sowing gave the highest dry matter in stem internodes.
Intervention effect Early sowing had the lowest mobilization efficiency.
Intervention effect The lowest N-P-K application had the highest mobilization efficiency across stem internodes.
Intervention effect Mobilized dry matter decreased as fertilizer application increased, except in peduncle internodes with early sowing.
Mechanism Delaying sowing reduced dry matter remobilization, mainly through lower stem weight.

maize 3

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Mechanismobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Low photosynthesis rates hampered maize dry weight accumulation, which decreased by 8.00% -74.43%.

Taxon: MaizeZea mayst0
Outcome: accumulation of plant dry weighte0
Direction: decreasee0
Value: 8.00% -74.43%e0
Qualifier: low of photosynthesis ratese0

Verbatim

e0
“The low of photosynthesis rates resulted in the accumulation of plant dry weight was hampered, and there was a decrease of 8.00% -74.43%.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1297–1434

t0
“Maize”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 121–126

Title

From Practice to Science: Assessment Soil Nutrient Status Using “Minus One Element Technique (MOET)” for Early Growth of Maize

Fajrin Pramana Putra; Bhaskara Anggarda Gathot Subrata; Rosyida Rosyida; et al. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 2025. doi:10.33462/jotaf.1357615

Other claims from this paper (14)

Intervention effect nitrogen deficiency reduced maize growth of maize.
Intervention effect nitrogen deficiency reduced maize leaf greenness.
Intervention effect nitrogen deficiency reduced maize photosynthetic rate.
Intervention effect nitrogen deficiency reduced maize total dry weight of the plant.
Intervention effect potassium deficiency reduced maize growth of maize.
Intervention effect potassium deficiency reduced maize leaf greenness.
Intervention effect potassium deficiency reduced maize photosynthetic rate.
Intervention effect potassium deficiency reduced maize total dry weight of the plant.
Intervention effect phosphorus deficiency reduced maize growth of maize.
Intervention effect phosphorus deficiency reduced maize leaf greenness.
Intervention effect phosphorus deficiency reduced maize photosynthetic rate.
Intervention effect phosphorus deficiency reduced maize total dry weight of the plant.
Intervention effect Maize root dry weight decreased by 18.85% - 75.47% when N, P and K fertilizer was omitted.
Intervention effect Maize photosynthesis rate decreased by 18.23% to 46.21% with N, P and K fertilizer omission.

Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The growth increase under SBB is attributed to decreased Cd and Pb concentration in maize roots and shoots.

Taxon: maizeZea mayst0
Outcome: dry weighte3
Qualifier: a decrease in the concentration of Cd and Pbe3

Verbatim

t0
“Maize”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 43–48

e3
“SBB increased chlorophyll index, leaf area, plant height and dry weight of roots and shoots due to a decrease in the concentration of Cd and Pb in the roots and shoots”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1131–1298

Title

The Effect of Sugarcane Bagasse Biochar on Maize Growth Factors in Lead and Cadmium-Polluted Soils

Farzad Rassaei Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 2022. doi:10.1080/00103624.2022.2146704

Other claims from this paper (10)

Intervention effect In 40 mg kg−1 Cd soil, SBB increased maize root dry weight by 21.0% compared with control.
Intervention effect In 40 mg kg−1 Cd soil, SBB increased maize shoot dry weight by 17.14% compared with control.
Intervention effect In 80 mg kg−1 Cd soil, SBB increased maize root dry weight by 57.14% compared with control.
Intervention effect In 80 mg kg−1 Cd soil, SBB increased maize shoot dry weight by 32.36% compared with control.
Intervention effect In 400 mg kg−1 Pb soil, SBB increased maize root dry weight by 39.55% compared with control.
Intervention effect In 400 mg kg−1 Pb soil, SBB increased maize shoot dry weight by 12.71% compared with control.
Intervention effect In 800 mg kg−1 Pb soil, SBB increased maize root dry weight by 57.46% compared with control.
Intervention effect In 800 mg kg−1 Pb soil, SBB increased maize shoot dry weight by 26.29% compared with control.
Intervention effect SBB increased maize chlorophyll index, leaf area and plant height.
Recommendation Adding SBB to heavy-metal contaminated soils is a suitable remedial action to enhance plant growth.

Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The authors suggest transpiration is not essential for long-distance mineral transport.

Taxon: MaizeZea mayse1
Outcome: long‐distance transport of mineral elementse0
Qualifier: transpiration is not essentiale0

Verbatim

e0
“It is suggested that transpiration is not essential for long‐distance transport of mineral elements in plants”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 577–686

e1
“Maize plants were grown with nutrients supplied at adequate levels in hydroculture or in soil at 50–60% and at >95% relative humidity”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 144–277

e2
“there was neither a decrease in growth (fresh weight and dry weight) nor in ash content of the ‘humid’plants”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 379–487

Title

Does transpiration have an essential function in long‐distance ion transport in plants?

W. TANNER; H. BEEVERS Plant Cell & Environment 1990. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3040.1990.tb01089.x

Other claims from this paper (4)

Intervention effect Water loss differed by a factor of two to three across humidity conditions.
Intervention effect High humidity did not decrease maize fresh or dry weight.
Intervention effect High humidity did not decrease maize ash content.
Intervention effect The upper shoot also showed no decrease in growth or ash content under high humidity.

Solanum tuberosum 3

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Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Total respiration per disc increased due to increased participation of the alternative pathway

Taxon: Solanum tuberosumSolanum tuberosume0
Outcome: total respiration per disce6
Qualifier: increased participation of the alternative pathwaye6

Verbatim

e0
“Potato tuber ( Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Bintje) callus shows a decrease in fresh weight and an increase in dry weight upon transfer to nutrient medium supplemented with 0.3 or 0.5 M mannitol”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–190

e6
“Yet, total respiration per disc significantly increases due to the increased participation of the alternative pathway”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1125–1242

Title

Influence of osmotic stress on the respiration of potato tuber callus

Linus H. W. van der Plas; Marijke J. Wagner Physiologia Plantarum 1984. doi:10.1111/j.1399-3054.1984.tb04592.x

Other claims from this paper (14)

Intervention effect Potato callus fresh weight decreased upon transfer to mannitol medium
Intervention effect Potato callus dry weight increased upon transfer to mannitol medium
Intervention effect Osmolarity of the intracellular fluid of potato callus increased upon transfer to mannitol medium
Mechanism Mannitol is probably taken up from the medium until tissue osmolarity equals that of the medium
Intervention effect Respiration of potato callus increased upon transfer to medium with extra mannitol, especially per fresh weight
Intervention effect On a fresh weight basis, cytochrome and alternative pathway capacities did not change appreciably with extra mannitol
Intervention effect Participation of the alternative pathway in uninhibited respiration of potato callus rose from about 10% to 90% upon transfer
Association Increase in respiration is partly correlated with decrease in fresh weight upon transfer
Intervention effect Capacities of the cytochrome and alternative pathway declined per disc upon transfer
Intervention effect Total respiration per disc of potato callus significantly increased upon transfer
Intervention effect ATP production per disc was almost unchanged before and after transfer
Mechanism The alternative pathway may function as a reserve capacity in potato callus when cytochrome pathway ATP production is impaired
Intervention effect Growth of potato callus became negligible on medium with 0.5 M mannitol after osmotic adaptation
Observation Potato callus retained its viability after osmotic adaptation on 0.5 M mannitol

Mechanismhypothesisoriginal resultbasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

Mannitol is probably taken up from the medium until tissue osmolarity equals that of the medium

Taxon: Solanum tuberosumSolanum tuberosume0
Compound: mannitole2
Outcome: osmolarity of the tissuee2

Verbatim

e0
“Potato tuber ( Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Bintje) callus shows a decrease in fresh weight and an increase in dry weight upon transfer to nutrient medium supplemented with 0.3 or 0.5 M mannitol”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–190

e2
“Probably mannitol is taken up from the medium till the osmolarity of the tissue is in equilibrium with that of the medium”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 260–381

Title

Influence of osmotic stress on the respiration of potato tuber callus

Linus H. W. van der Plas; Marijke J. Wagner Physiologia Plantarum 1984. doi:10.1111/j.1399-3054.1984.tb04592.x

Other claims from this paper (14)

Intervention effect Potato callus fresh weight decreased upon transfer to mannitol medium
Intervention effect Potato callus dry weight increased upon transfer to mannitol medium
Intervention effect Osmolarity of the intracellular fluid of potato callus increased upon transfer to mannitol medium
Intervention effect Respiration of potato callus increased upon transfer to medium with extra mannitol, especially per fresh weight
Intervention effect On a fresh weight basis, cytochrome and alternative pathway capacities did not change appreciably with extra mannitol
Intervention effect Participation of the alternative pathway in uninhibited respiration of potato callus rose from about 10% to 90% upon transfer
Association Increase in respiration is partly correlated with decrease in fresh weight upon transfer
Intervention effect Capacities of the cytochrome and alternative pathway declined per disc upon transfer
Intervention effect Total respiration per disc of potato callus significantly increased upon transfer
Mechanism Total respiration per disc increased due to increased participation of the alternative pathway
Intervention effect ATP production per disc was almost unchanged before and after transfer
Mechanism The alternative pathway may function as a reserve capacity in potato callus when cytochrome pathway ATP production is impaired
Intervention effect Growth of potato callus became negligible on medium with 0.5 M mannitol after osmotic adaptation
Observation Potato callus retained its viability after osmotic adaptation on 0.5 M mannitol

Mechanismhypothesisoriginal resultbasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

The alternative pathway may function as a reserve capacity in potato callus when cytochrome pathway ATP production is impaired

Taxon: Solanum tuberosumSolanum tuberosume0
Organ / stage: calluse6
Outcome: reserve capacitye6
Qualifier: the cytochrome pathway is impairede7

Verbatim

e0
“Potato tuber ( Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Bintje) callus shows a decrease in fresh weight and an increase in dry weight upon transfer to nutrient medium supplemented with 0.3 or 0.5 M mannitol”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–190

e6
“the alternative pathway functions as a reserve capacity in potato callus”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1344–1416

e7
“the cytochrome pathway is impaired”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1470–1504

Title

Influence of osmotic stress on the respiration of potato tuber callus

Linus H. W. van der Plas; Marijke J. Wagner Physiologia Plantarum 1984. doi:10.1111/j.1399-3054.1984.tb04592.x

Other claims from this paper (14)

Intervention effect Potato callus fresh weight decreased upon transfer to mannitol medium
Intervention effect Potato callus dry weight increased upon transfer to mannitol medium
Intervention effect Osmolarity of the intracellular fluid of potato callus increased upon transfer to mannitol medium
Mechanism Mannitol is probably taken up from the medium until tissue osmolarity equals that of the medium
Intervention effect Respiration of potato callus increased upon transfer to medium with extra mannitol, especially per fresh weight
Intervention effect On a fresh weight basis, cytochrome and alternative pathway capacities did not change appreciably with extra mannitol
Intervention effect Participation of the alternative pathway in uninhibited respiration of potato callus rose from about 10% to 90% upon transfer
Association Increase in respiration is partly correlated with decrease in fresh weight upon transfer
Intervention effect Capacities of the cytochrome and alternative pathway declined per disc upon transfer
Intervention effect Total respiration per disc of potato callus significantly increased upon transfer
Mechanism Total respiration per disc increased due to increased participation of the alternative pathway
Intervention effect ATP production per disc was almost unchanged before and after transfer
Intervention effect Growth of potato callus became negligible on medium with 0.5 M mannitol after osmotic adaptation
Observation Potato callus retained its viability after osmotic adaptation on 0.5 M mannitol

cotton 2

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Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The authors attribute reduced seed dry weight to lower water content and higher endogenous abscisic acid content.

Taxon: CottonGossypium hirsutume1
Organ / stage: seede0
Compound: endogenous abscisic acide0
Outcome: seed dry weighte0
Qualifier: decrease in water contente0

Verbatim

e0
“a marked decrease in seed dry weight may be because of a decrease in water content and accumulation of higher endogenous abscisic acid content”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 989–1131

e1
“Cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–31

Title

Accumulation of abscisic acid in cotton fibre and seed of normal and abnormal bolls

SONAL J. GOKANI; VRINDA S. THAKER The Journal of Agricultural Science 2001. doi:10.1017/s0021859601001551

Other claims from this paper (6)

Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Shedding of many leaves, squares and bolls was the main reason for the shoot dry weight decrease under DI.

Taxon: cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
Outcome: the decreasee4
Qualifier: shedding of a large number of leaves,squares and bollse4

Verbatim

t0
“cotton premature senescence under drip irrigation below mulch film”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 26–92

e4
“Field observations indicate the main reason for the decrease is the shedding of a large number of leaves,squares and bolls”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 868–990

Title

The possible mechanism of cotton premature senescence under drip irrigation below mulch film——From the perspective of growth and nutrient

Tian Chang-yan Plant Nutrition and Fertilizing Science 2012

Other claims from this paper (11)

Intervention effect Premature senescence of cotton is more widespread under drip irrigation below mulch film than under flood irrigation.
Intervention effect Shoot biomass of cotton at the late boll stage was significantly higher under DI than under FI.
Intervention effect Root biomass of cotton showed the opposite trend to shoot biomass under DI compared with FI.
Intervention effect Shoot/root ratio of cotton was significantly higher under DI than under FI.
Observation Shoot dry weight of cotton under DI abruptly decreased from the late boll stage to harvest.
Intervention effect The shoot to root ratio under DI decreased to the same level as under FI.
Observation Nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations of old leaves were lower than in young leaves under DI and FI at later growth stages.
Observation Potassium concentration of old leaves was opposite to that of young leaves.
Intervention effect Potassium concentration of young leaves was lower under DI than under FI.
Intervention effect Potassium concentration of cotton shoot showed the same trend under DI as young-leaf potassium.
Mechanism Premature senescence under DI may result from shoot K demand exceeding the K supply from roots.

Melanthera biflora 2

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Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Water-stressed leaf sap osmotic pressure rose mainly as the fresh to dry weight ratio fell.

Taxon: Melanthera bifloraWollastonia biflorae0
Treatment: water stresse0
Outcome: increase in osmotic pressure of the leaf sape0
Qualifier: decrease in the ratio of fresh weight/dry weighte0

Verbatim

e0
“the increase in osmotic pressure of the leaf sap of Melanthera biflora, subjected to water stress, was due mainly to a decrease in the ratio of fresh weight/dry weight.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 464–632

Title

Response ofMelanthera biflorato Salinity and Water Stress

R. STOREY; J. GORHAM; M. G. PITMAN; et al. Journal of Experimental Botany 1993. doi:10.1093/jxb/44.10.1551

Other claims from this paper (10)

Intervention effect Growth was inhibited by salt above 50 mol m−3.
Observation Plants survived salinity approaching seawater at 400 mol m−3.
Observation Shoot potassium concentrations were maintained up to 400 mol m−3 salinity.
Association Sodium and chloride accumulation followed external osmotic pressure.
Observation 3-DMSP was identified as the main onium compound.
Observation Glycinebetaine was absent in some accessions.
Mechanism Onium compounds and proline increased during salt and water stress, mainly with reduced fresh to dry weight ratio.
Mechanism Part of the salt-stress increase came from increased onium compound accumulation.
Intervention effect Low sulphur supply inhibited the salt-induced increase in 3-DMSP.
Observation Low sulphur supply brought no compensatory proline increase.

Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Onium compounds and proline increased during salt and water stress, mainly with reduced fresh to dry weight ratio.

Taxon: Melanthera bifloraWollastonia biflorat0
Treatment: salt and water stresse0
Outcome: Onium (quaternary ammonium and/or tertiary sulphonium) compounds and proline increasede0
Qualifier: decrease in the fresh weight/dry weight ratio of tissuee0

Verbatim

e0
“Onium (quaternary ammonium and/or tertiary sulphonium) compounds and proline increased during salt and water stress due mainly to a decrease in the fresh weight/dry weight ratio of tissue”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 851–1038

t0
“Melanthera biflora”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 11–29

Title

Response ofMelanthera biflorato Salinity and Water Stress

R. STOREY; J. GORHAM; M. G. PITMAN; et al. Journal of Experimental Botany 1993. doi:10.1093/jxb/44.10.1551

Other claims from this paper (10)

Intervention effect Growth was inhibited by salt above 50 mol m−3.
Observation Plants survived salinity approaching seawater at 400 mol m−3.
Observation Shoot potassium concentrations were maintained up to 400 mol m−3 salinity.
Association Sodium and chloride accumulation followed external osmotic pressure.
Mechanism Water-stressed leaf sap osmotic pressure rose mainly as the fresh to dry weight ratio fell.
Observation 3-DMSP was identified as the main onium compound.
Observation Glycinebetaine was absent in some accessions.
Mechanism Part of the salt-stress increase came from increased onium compound accumulation.
Intervention effect Low sulphur supply inhibited the salt-induced increase in 3-DMSP.
Observation Low sulphur supply brought no compensatory proline increase.

not stated 2

Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

At 300 mM, plants could not prevent water loss, with lower root-shoot weight ratio, RWC and RGR.

Treatment: 300 mMe0
Outcome: prevent water losse0
Qualifier: further decrease in root/shoot ratio of fresh weight (FW) and dry weight (DW), RWC and RGRe0

Not reportedTaxon

Verbatim

e0
“the plants exposed to the highest NaCl concentration (300 mM) were not able to maintain the ability to prevent water loss because of further decrease in root/shoot ratio of fresh weight (FW) and dry weight (DW), RWC and RGR”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1341–1564

Title

Variations in osmotic adjustment and water relations of Sphaerophysa kotschyana: Glycine betaine, proline and choline accumulation in response to salinity

Evren Yildiztugay; Ceyda Ozfidan-Konakci; Mustafa Kucukoduk; et al. Botanical studies 2014. doi:10.1186/1999-3110-55-6

Other claims from this paper (6)

Intervention effect At 300 mM NaCl, growth, water status, photosynthetic efficiency and relative growth rate declined most after 14 days.
Observation Root TBARS rose 126% in the high-salinity group.
Observation Leaf TBARS rose 31% in the high-salinity group.
Observation Induction at 150 mM was lower than at 300 mM.
Observation Plants tolerated short-term low salinity.
Mechanism Osmoprotectant accumulation supported tolerance at 150 mM.

Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Differences in CO2 and radiation supply and tissue photosynthetic capacity were proposed to explain lower rates in reversed and doubled disks.

Outcome: decrease in photosynthetic ratee0
Qualifier: differences in the supply of CO2 and radiation energye0

Not reportedTaxon

Verbatim

e0
“The decrease in photosynthetic rate found in reversed and duplicated disks is evidently due to the simultaneous effect of differences in the supply of CO2 and radiation energy to the assimilating tissue and apparatus and also to differences in the photosynthetic capacity of different leaf tissues”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1103–1400

Title

The effect of reversion and duplication of leaf disks on the accuracy of photosynthesis determination by the dry weight method

Zdenêk Šesták; Jitka Vodová Biologia Plantarum 1965. doi:10.1007/bf02920626

Other claims from this paper (7)

Intervention effect Reversing sunflower leaf disks reduced photosynthetic rate by as much as 26% at full and half irradiation.
Intervention effect Reversing fodder cabbage leaf disks reduced photosynthetic rate by as much as 26% at full and half irradiation.
Intervention effect Stacking two disks reduced photosynthesis in the upper disk similarly to reversal.
Observation Lower stacked disks assimilated 0–40% as much as upper disks, reaching the compensation point in thick leaves.
Intervention effect Two disks exceeded one normal disk in total photosynthetic dry-weight gain only in thin leaves at high radiation.
Recommendation The authors advise discarding samples when a quarter of leaf disks were reversed.
Recommendation For samples with accidentally duplicated disks, the authors advise deducting one control disk weight.

onion 2

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Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The decline in top growth rate was attributed to fewer leaves reducing blade dry weight.

Taxon: OnionAllium cepat0
Outcome: decrease in the dry weight of the leaf bladese0
Qualifier: decrease in leaf numbere0

Verbatim

e0
“which was due to a decrease in the dry weight of the leaf blades caused by decrease in leaf number.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 739–838

t0
“Onion”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 61–66

Title

The Pattern of Dry‐Matter Distribution during Development in Onion

D. N. Iortsuun; A. A. Khan Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 1989. doi:10.1111/j.1439-037x.1989.tb00698.x

Other claims from this paper (10)

Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Low sulfur nutrition was associated with reduced cell wall deposition and consequent lower bulb firmness.

Taxon: onionAllium cepae0
Treatment: low S nutritione0
Outcome: bulb firmnesse0
Direction: decreasee0
Qualifier: cell wall deposition is reducede0

Verbatim

e0
“At low S nutrition, which is limiting to the growth of onion bulbs, cell wall deposition is reduced, with a consequent decrease in bulb firmness”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1391–1535

Title

Sulfur Nutrition Affects Cellular Sulfur, Dry Weight Distribution, and Bulb Quality in Onion

Jane E. Lancaster; Julie Farrant; Martin L. Shaw Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 2001. doi:10.21273/jashs.126.2.164

Other claims from this paper (11)

Intervention effect Onion bulb fresh weight increased as sulfur supply rose from 0.5 to 4.0 meq·L -1.
Intervention effect Sulfur supply significantly affected onion bulb firmness.
Intervention effect Onion bulbs at 0.5 meq·L -1 sulfur were significantly softer than bulbs at 4.0 meq·L -1.
Intervention effect Bulbs at lowest sulfur had significantly less cell wall dry weight than at 3.0 or 4.0 meq·L -1.
Intervention effect Varying sulfur supply did not affect total onion bulb sulfur.
Intervention effect Varying sulfur supply did not affect free sulfate in onion bulbs.
Intervention effect Varying sulfur supply did not affect sulfur content of onion cell contents or cell wall residue.
Intervention effect Sulfur supply had only a minor effect on onion cell wall proteins.
Intervention effect Sulfur supply had no significant effect on onion soluble solids concentration.
Intervention effect Sulfur supply had no significant effect on onion soluble sugars.
Mechanism Onion cellular sulfur composition was maintained at the expense of bulb growth.

plant 2

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Mechanismobservedoriginal resultnegativesimulated

Claim · model-written summary

The modeled uptake of toxic metal through roots decreases shoot dry weight through reduced nutrient concentration.

Taxon: plante0
Organ / stage: shoote0
Treatment: toxic metale0
Outcome: shoot dry weighte0
Direction: decreasinge0
Qualifier: due to decrease in nutrient concentration in each compartmente0

Verbatim

e0
“the uptake of toxic metal adsorbed on the surface of soil by the plant is through root compartment thereby decreasing the root dry weight and shoot dry weight due to decrease in nutrient concentration in each compartment”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 145–365

Title

Modelling Effect of Toxic Metal on the Individual Plant Growth: A Two Compartment Model

O. P. Misra; Preety Kalra American Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics 2013. doi:10.5923/j.ajcam.20120206.06

Other claims from this paper (2)

Mechanismobservedoriginal resultnegativesimulated

Claim · model-written summary

The modeled uptake of toxic metal through roots decreases root dry weight through reduced nutrient concentration.

Taxon: plante0
Organ / stage: root compartmente0
Treatment: toxic metale0
Outcome: root dry weighte0
Direction: decreasinge0
Qualifier: due to decrease in nutrient concentration in each compartmente0

Verbatim

e0
“the uptake of toxic metal adsorbed on the surface of soil by the plant is through root compartment thereby decreasing the root dry weight and shoot dry weight due to decrease in nutrient concentration in each compartment”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 145–365

Title

Modelling Effect of Toxic Metal on the Individual Plant Growth: A Two Compartment Model

O. P. Misra; Preety Kalra American Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics 2013. doi:10.5923/j.ajcam.20120206.06

Other claims from this paper (2)

soybean 2

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Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The decrease in shoot N is attributed to a sharp reduction in nodule number and dry weight.

Taxon: soybeanGlycine maxe0
Organ / stage: nodulee1
Outcome: shoot Ne1
Qualifier: sharp reduction in nodule number and dry weighte1

Verbatim

e0
“A split-root growth system was employed to evaluate the effect of NaCl on nodule formation by soybean (Glycine max L. Merr. cv Davis).”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–134

e1
“The decrease in shoot N was attributed to a sharp reduction in nodule number and dry weight.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 743–835

Title

Effect of Salinity on Nodule Formation by Soybean

Paul W. Singleton; B. Ben Bohlool PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 1984. doi:10.1104/pp.74.1.72

Other claims from this paper (15)

Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Lower dry matter partitioning to leaves explains the greater total dry weight reduction in soybean than in pigeon pea.

Taxon: soybeanGlycine maxe0
Outcome: total dry weighte0
Qualifier: the decrease in dry matter partitioning to leavese0

Verbatim

e0
“the decrease in dry matter partitioning to leaves led to a greater reduction in total dry weight in soybean compared to pigeon pea”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1160–1290

Title

Phosphorus fractions in relation to growth in pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan(L) Millsp.) at varions levels of P supply

Joseph J. Adu-Gyamfi; Kounosuke Fujita; Shoitsu Ogata Soil Science & Plant Nutrition 1990. doi:10.1080/00380768.1990.10416790

Other claims from this paper (10)

Intervention effect Low P significantly reduced leaf area, leaf dry weight and shoot weight in pigeon pea compared with control.
Intervention effect Low P significantly reduced leaf area, leaf dry weight and shoot weight in soybean, more strongly than in pigeon pea.
Intervention effect Low P did not significantly affect root dry weight in pigeon pea.
Intervention effect Low P did not significantly affect root dry weight in soybean.
Observation Pigeon pea requires relatively low external Pi concentrations for growth compared with soybean.
Intervention effect Dry matter partitioning to soybean leaves at low P was far lower than to pigeon pea leaves.
Intervention effect Low P reduced residue-P by 40% in pigeon pea.
Intervention effect Low P reduced residue-P by 64% in soybean.
Association The soluble-P fraction was reduced more severely in soybean than in pigeon pea.
Mechanism Pigeon pea tolerance to low P is attributed to maintaining low inorganic-P concentration.

“dry weight decrease”

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rice 8

wheat 4

maize 3

Solanum tuberosum 3

cotton 2

Melanthera biflora 2

not stated 2

onion 2

plant 2

soybean 2