Search claims · PlantClaims

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Salix had highest resistance to Cd.

Taxon: WillowsSalixt0
Treatment: Cde0
Outcome: resistancee0
Direction: Higheste0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Highest resistance was found in response to Cd, while Cu and Ni were extremely toxic.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 577–662

t0
“Willows”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 59–66

Title

Heavy Metal Resistance and Accumulation Characteristics in Willows

Tracy Punshon; Nicholas Dickinson International Journal of Phytoremediation 1999. doi:10.1080/15226519908500025

Other claims from this paper (13)

Intervention effect Root elongation of Salix was significantly affected by metals and varied between and within clones.
Observation Willow resistance appeared clone or hybrid specific rather than species specific.
Observation S. caprea clones and hybrids were among the most resistant.
Observation A second S. caprea clone from another provenance was much less tolerant.
Observation S. viminalis clones were among the most sensitive.
Observation S. triandra clones were among the most sensitive.
Intervention effect Cu and Ni were extremely toxic to Salix.
Method / resource The technique identified a resistant S. caprea ecotype from mine spoil.
Observation Copper concentration reached 2000 μg g-1 (d.wt) in roots after one month of hydroponic culture.
Observation Copper concentration reached 400 μg g-1 (d.wt) in wood after one month.
Observation Copper concentration reached 82 μg g-1 (d.wt) in foliage after one month.
Observation Variation among Salix clones may hinder screening but can supply variation for resistance selection.
Recommendation Clone selection for metal phytoextraction is feasible, but longer field study is needed.

Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Low Cd accumulation and reasonable Cd allocation enhanced the resistance of ramie to Cd.

Taxon: ramieBoehmeria niveae4
Outcome: resistance of ramie to Cde4
Qualifier: Low accumulation and reasonable allocation of Cde4

Verbatim

e0
“Ramie (Boehmeria nivea)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–23

e4
“Low accumulation and reasonable allocation of Cd enhanced the resistance of ramie to Cd”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 680–767

Title

Ramie (Boehmeria Nivea) as Phytoremediation Crop for Heavy Metal-contaminated Paddy Soil in Southern China: Variety Comparison, Cd Accumulation, and Assessment of Fiber Recycling

Zhimin Wu; Qingming Tang; Yufu Wang; et al. Journal of Natural Fibers 2021. doi:10.1080/15440478.2021.2009400

Other claims from this paper (6)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Combined Cd and As treatments improved cardoon resistance to As and Cd.

Taxon: Cynara cardunculusCynara cardunculust0
Treatment: combined Cd and As treatmentse5
Outcome: resistance to As and Cde5
Direction: improvede5

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

t0
“Cynara cardunculusL.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 16–36

e5
“In the combined Cd and As treatments the plants improved resistance to As and Cd”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1117–1197

Title

The potential ofCynara cardunculusL. for phytoremediation of heavy metal in contaminated soils

C. Leonardi; V. Toscano; H. Pappalardo; et al. Acta Horticulturae 2016. doi:10.17660/actahortic.2016.1147.18

Other claims from this paper (11)

Intervention effect Arsenic treatment reduced biomass production of cardoon after 15 days.
Intervention effect High doses of As inhibited growth of cardoon.
Observation High doses of As caused cardoon plants to die.
Observation Cardoon rapidly took up arsenic by its roots.
Observation Arsenic accumulated in the aerial parts of cardoon.
Association As concentration in cardoon tissues increased with increasing As concentration.
Intervention effect Cd treatment decreased Cd concentration in cardoon roots over time.
Intervention effect Cd treatment increased Cd concentration in cardoon leaves over time.
Intervention effect Cd presence increased the ability of cardoon to translocate As from root to shoot.
Intervention effect Cd+As treatment made cardoon more tolerant to As than As alone, up to 45 days.
Intervention effect Cd+As treatment increased the ability of cardoon to phytoextraction.

Mechanismhypothesisoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The increased pathogen resistance of A. philoxeroides after Cd exposure could be attributed to direct toxic effects of Cd and to altered phyllosphere microbial composition.

Taxon: A. philoxeroidesAlternanthera philoxeroidese3
Treatment: Cd exposuree3
Outcome: pathogen resistancee3
Qualifier: direct toxic effects of Cde3

Verbatim

e3
“the increased pathogen resistance of A. philoxeroides following Cd exposure could be attributed to both the direct toxic effects of Cd”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1018–1152

Title

Heavy metal pollution enhances pathogen resistance of an invasive plant species over its native congener

Tiantian Lin; Abdul Manan; Shuya Yang; et al. Functional Ecology 2025. doi:10.1111/1365-2435.70011

Other claims from this paper (6)

Intervention effectauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Si facilitated Cd phytoextraction by Sedum alfredii by promoting plant growth and enhancing plant resistance to Cd.

Taxon: S. alfrediiSedum alfrediie1
Treatment: Sie1
Outcome: Cd phytoextractione1
Direction: facilitatede1

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e1
“Si facilitated the Cd phytoextraction of S. alfredii by promoting plant growth and enhancing the resistance of plants to Cd”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1434–1557

Title

Exogenous silicon promotes cadmium (Cd) accumulation in Sedum alfredii Hance by enhancing Cd uptake and alleviating Cd toxicity

Ying Hu; Xueqi Zhou; An Shi; et al. Frontiers in Plant Science 2023. doi:10.3389/fpls.2023.1134370

Other claims from this paper (12)

Intervention effect Exogenous Si application increased shoot biomass of Sedum alfredii by 21.74-52.17%.
Intervention effect Exogenous Si increased Cd accumulation in Sedum alfredii by 412.39-621.00%.
Intervention effect Exogenous Si promoted Cd translocation and concentration in Sedum alfredii.
Intervention effect Si increased chlorophyll contents in Sedum alfredii under Cd stress.
Intervention effect Si improved antioxidant enzymes in Sedum alfredii under Cd stress.
Intervention effect Si enhanced cell wall components (lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose and pectin) in Sedum alfredii under Cd stress.
Intervention effect Si raised the secretion of organic acids (oxalic, tartaric and L-malic acid) in Sedum alfredii under Cd stress.
Intervention effect Si decreased expression of SaNramp3 in roots of Sedum alfredii.
Intervention effect Si decreased expression of SaNramp6 in roots of Sedum alfredii.
Intervention effect Si decreased expression of SaHMA2 in roots of Sedum alfredii.
Intervention effect Si decreased expression of SaHMA4 in roots of Sedum alfredii.
Intervention effect Si significantly increased expression of SaCAD in Sedum alfredii.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

AMF promoted pigeonpea seedling growth and resistance to Cd soil.

Taxon: pigeonpeaCajanus cajane0
Treatment: AMFe0
Interactor: AMFe0symbiont
Outcome: pigeonpea seedling growth and its resistance to Cd-contaminated soile0
Direction: promotione0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“promotion effect of AMF on pigeonpea seedling growth and its resistance to Cd-contaminated soil”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 214–309

Title

Effects of AMF on resistance of pigeonpea to Cd-contaminated soil

LI Xiu-wa Guangdong nongye kexue 2009

Other claims from this paper (4)

Observation Pigeonpea seedling survival reached 100% at 100 mg/kg Cd.
Observation Pigeonpea seedling survival fell to 50% at 500 mg/kg Cd after 46 days.
Observation Pigeonpea seedlings all died at 1 000 mg/kg Cd after 46 days.
Observation Pigeonpea seedling growth peaked at 10 mg/kg Cd.

Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Oxalate secreted from the root apex is inferred to exclude Cd from entering tomato roots and so contribute to Cd resistance.

Taxon: Lycopersicon esulentumt0
Compound: oxalatee5
Outcome: Cd resistancee5
Qualifier: helps to exclude Cd from entering tomato rootse5

Verbatim

t0
“Lycopersicon esulentum”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 104–126

e5
“These results indicated that the oxalate secreted from the root apex helps to exclude Cd from entering tomato roots, thus contributes to Cd resistance in the Cd-resistant tomato cultivar”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1184–1370

Title

Cadmium‐induced oxalate secretion from root apex is associated with cadmium exclusion and resistance in Lycopersicon esulentum

XIAO FANG ZHU; CHENG ZHENG; YI TING HU; et al. Plant Cell & Environment 2011. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3040.2011.02304.x

Other claims from this paper (7)

Association Micro-Tom showed better growth than Hezuo903 at different Cd concentrations.
Association Micro-Tom had lower Cd content in roots than Hezuo903 at different Cd concentrations.
Association Micro-Tom had a greater ability to secrete oxalate.
Observation Cd-induced oxalate secretion was localized to the root apex, where most Cd accumulated.
Intervention effect Phenylglyoxal blocked Cd-induced oxalate secretion.
Intervention effect Phenylglyoxal aggravated Cd toxicity in tomato.
Intervention effect Exogenous oxalate supply ameliorated Cd toxicity in tomato.

Associationhypothesisoriginal resultpositivebasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

Ryegrass is speculated to have better resistance to Cd stress.

Taxon: RyegrassLoliume7
Treatment: Cd 2+ stresse7
Outcome: resistance to Cd 2+ stresse7
Direction: bettere7

Verbatim

e7
“Ryegrass is speculated to have better resistance to Cd 2+ stress and may be further applied to heavy metal Cd 2+ ecological restoration”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1259–1394

Title

EFFECT OF Cd2+ STRESS ON SEED GERMINATION CHARACTERISTICS OF RYEGRASS, INDIAN MUSTARD AND GRAIN AMARANTH

Zhang Jun; Wang Wenke; Geng Yani; et al. Environmental Engineering and Management Journal 2019. doi:10.30638/eemj.2019.179

Other claims from this paper (8)

Observationauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Maize resistance to Cd was strong when the plants grew normally.

Taxon: maizeZea mayst0
Outcome: resistance of maize against Cde7
Qualifier: when maize grows normallye7

Verbatim

t0
“Effects of Cd stress on the physiological characteristics of maize”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–66

e7
“when maize grows normally,the resistance of maize against Cd is strong”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 106–176

Title

Effects of Cd stress on the physiological characteristics of maize

Shuang Yang Zhongguo shengtai nongye xuebao 2006

Other claims from this paper (7)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Combined Cd and As treatment improved resistance to both elements.

Taxon: cardoonCynara cardunculuse1
Treatment: combined Cd and As treatmentse0
Outcome: resistance to As and Cde0
Direction: improvede0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“In the combined Cd and As treatments the plants improved resistance to As and Cd.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1129–1210

e1
“In cardoon, the biomass production and Cd and As concentrations were determined”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 487–566

Title

Mechanisms of phytoextraction in Cynara cardunculus L. growing under cadmium and arsenic stress

C. Leonardi; H. Pappalardo; C. Genovese; et al. Acta Horticulturae 2016. doi:10.17660/actahortic.2016.1147.19

Other claims from this paper (10)

Intervention effect Under Cd treatment, root Cd concentration decreased over time.
Intervention effect Under Cd treatment, leaf Cd concentration increased over time.
Intervention effect As treatment severely reduced biomass after 15 days.
Intervention effect High As doses inhibited growth.
Observation Plants died at high As doses.
Observation Cardoon rapidly took up arsenic in roots and accumulated it in aerial parts.
Association Cardoon tissue As concentration rose with applied As concentration.
Intervention effect Cd increased cardoon translocation of As from root to shoot.
Intervention effect Cd plus As increased As tolerance up to 45 days compared with As alone.
Intervention effect Cd plus As increased cardoon phytoextraction ability.

“resistance to Cd”

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