Biochar and AMF increased nodule number and weight.

mycorrhiza · symbiosis · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Positive and negative results

4 papers in the same direction as this claim · 1 in the opposite direction

1. no effect
   VAM fungi did not significantly affect chickpea nodule number or dry weight in either season.

   Effect of different vam fungi on nodulation, nitrogenase activity and rhizosphere microflora of chickpea · 2004

   Opposite direction

2. positive
   Co-inoculation of AMF and rhizobia enhanced nodulation of chickpea under FeP.

   Enhanced nodulation and phosphorus acquisition from sparingly‐soluble iron phosphate upon treatment with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in chickpea · 2023

   Same direction

3. positive
   RDF plus VAM, Rhizobium, PSB and KMB gave significantly higher growth and yield attributes.

   Effect of integrated nutrient management on growth, yield and economics of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) · 2019

   Same direction

4. positive
   RZ plus VAM upregulated Nodulin6 and CaLYK3.

   Symbiotic nitrogen fixation for sustainable chickpea yield and prospects for genome editing in changing climatic situations · 2025

   Same direction

5. positive
   AMF inoculation under salinity increased arbuscule colonization by 204%.

   Mitigation of salinity stress in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Glomus mosseae) in the Sundarbans Delta Region of India · 2025

   Same direction

inoculation · symbiosis · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Positive and negative results

109 papers in the same direction as this claim · 3 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

1. no effect
   Prior bradyrhizobial inoculation did not increase nodule number.

   Development and activity of the symbiosis between Bradyrhizobium strains, Glomus species and Cicer arietinum: effect of timing of inoculation and photon irradiance · 1994

   Opposite direction

2. negative
   Inoculation with Macrophomina phaseolina decreased the functional nodule count of chick pea.

   Seed treatment with bio-fungicides for management of dry root rot of Chick pea caused by Macrophomina phaseolina · 2015

   Opposite direction

3. negative
   Chickpea growth and nodulation progressively decreased as the inoculum level of Meloidogyne incognita race 3 increased.

   Effect of different inoculum levels of Meloidogyne incognita race 3 on the growth of chickpea · 1992

   Opposite direction

4. no effect
   Rhizobium alone and dual inoculation did not differ significantly for nodule number and weight.

   Changes in root and nutrient uptake of chickpea affected by organic fertilizers and inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and Rhizobium · 2024 · compared with dual inoculation of mycorrhiza and Rhizobium

   No difference from an alternative

5. positive
   Single, dual, and triple bacterial inoculations significantly increased shoot, root and nodule dry weight versus control in controlled and field trials.

   Influence of Nitrogen Fixing and Phosphorus Solubilizing Bacteria on the Nodulation, Plant Growth, and Yield of Chickpea · 2007 · compared with control treatment

   Same direction

6. positive
   Rhizobacterial co-inoculation with Rhizobium significantly increased nodule weight, root and shoot biomass, and total plant nitrogen.

   Stimulation of nitrogen fixation and induction of flavonoid-like compounds by rhizobacteria · 1999

   Same direction

7. positive
   CPS-2, CPS-3 and Ca-18 gave the maximum positive effects on chickpea shoot and nodulation traits.

   Phosphorus uptake and growth promotion of chickpea by co-inoculation of mineral phosphate solubilising bacteria and a mixed rhizobial culture · 2004

   Same direction

8. positive
   Bacterial inoculation increased nodule number, nodule weight and root and shoot weights in both crops in the field.

   Plant growth-promotion and biofortification of chickpea and pigeonpea through inoculation of biocontrol potential bacteria, isolated from organic soils · 2016 · compared with un-inoculated control plots

   Same direction

105 papers more in this group

biochar · symbiosis · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Results agree

3 papers in the same direction as this claim

1. positive
   Combined M. ciceri and biochar significantly enhanced nodulation.

   Effects of Mesorhizobium ciceri and Biochar on the Growth, Nodulation and Antifungal Activity against Root Pathogenic Fungi in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) · 2023 · compared with other treatments and control plants

   Same direction

2. positive
   Biochar at 95 tons ha−1 significantly increased chickpea nodule number to 122.

   Soil Fertility, N2 Fixation and Yield of Chickpea as Influenced by Long-Term Biochar Application under Mung–Chickpea Cropping System · 2020

   Same direction

3. positive
   Biochar increased chickpea nodulation in inoculated treatments at both locations and in both seasons.

   Response of Soil pH and Nodulation of Three Chickpea Genotypes to Biochar and Rhizobium Inoculation · 2020

   Same direction