Abstract
Wheat plants (Triticum aestivum cv. Matong and T. durum cv. Modoc) were grown at ambient and elevated CO2 (350 cm3 m-3 above ambient) in soil with or without 150 mol m-3 NaCl for 6 weeks. The increase in dry matter, leaf area and tillering under high CO2 was relatively greater under saline than non-saline conditions for both cultivars. Tillering was the primary component of growth affected by both salinity and high CO2. Salinity greatly reduced tillering and high CO2 partly reversed the effects of salinity. High CO2 increased dry matter accumulation of the salt-sensitive Modoc to a greater extent (+104%) than that of the more salt-tolerant Matong (+73%) in the salt treatment. Transpiration rates were greatly reduced by salinity for both cultivars. Under high CO2, increased leaf areas compensated for reduced transpiration rates per unit leaf area (i.e. greater stomatal closure), and total transpiration was little affected by CO2 level within each treatment. The more salt-tolerant Matong showed greater stomatal closure and higher transpiration efficiencies than the salt-sensitive Modoc under salinity. High CO2 reduced transpiration rate (per unit dry weight) by 40 to 50%, but did not significantly change the rate of sodium accumulation (per unit dry weight), indicating that salt uptake was largely independent of water uptake, and that high CO2 did not increase growth by reducing the salt load. Our results suggest that high CO2 increased growth by stimulating the development of tiller buds that would otherwise have been inhibited.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
High CO2 increased dry matter, leaf area and tillering relatively more under saline conditions in both cultivars.
- Taxon
- Wheat
Triticum aestivume1 - Treatment
- high CO2e0
- Outcome
- dry matter, leaf area and tilleringe0
- Direction
- relatively greatere0
- Comparator
- non-saline conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The increase in dry matter, leaf area and tillering under high CO2 was relatively greater under saline than non-saline conditions for both cultivars.”
e1“Wheat plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity greatly reduced wheat tillering.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- Salinitye0
- Outcome
- tilleringe0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Salinity greatly reduced tillering and high CO2 partly reversed the effects of salinity.”
e1“Wheat plants”
Claim · model-written summary
High CO2 partly reversed salinity suppression of tillering.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- high CO2e0
- Outcome
- effects of salinitye0
- Direction
- partly reversede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Salinity greatly reduced tillering and high CO2 partly reversed the effects of salinity.”
e1“Wheat plants”
Claim · model-written summary
High CO2 increased Modoc dry matter accumulation by 104% under salt treatment.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivume1
- Material
- Modoce0
- Treatment
- High CO2e0
- Outcome
- dry matter accumulatione0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- +104%e0
- Qualifier
- salt treatmente0
- Comparator
- Matonge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“High CO2 increased dry matter accumulation of the salt-sensitive Modoc to a greater extent (+104%) than that of the more salt-tolerant Matong (+73%) in the salt treatment.”
e1“Wheat plants”
Claim · model-written summary
High CO2 increased Matong dry matter accumulation by 73% under salt treatment.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivume1
- Material
- Matonge0
- Treatment
- High CO2e0
- Outcome
- dry matter accumulatione0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- +73%e0
- Qualifier
- salt treatmente0
- Comparator
- Modoce0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“High CO2 increased dry matter accumulation of the salt-sensitive Modoc to a greater extent (+104%) than that of the more salt-tolerant Matong (+73%) in the salt treatment.”
e1“Wheat plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity greatly reduced transpiration rates in both cultivars.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- salinitye0
- Outcome
- Transpiration ratese0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Transpiration rates were greatly reduced by salinity for both cultivars.”
e1“Wheat plants”
Claim · model-written summary
High CO2 caused increased leaf areas that compensated for lower transpiration per leaf area.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- high CO2e0
- Outcome
- transpiration rates per unit leaf areae0
- Qualifier
- increased leaf areas compensatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under high CO2, increased leaf areas compensated for reduced transpiration rates per unit leaf area”
e1“Wheat plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Total transpiration was little affected by CO2 level within each treatment.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- CO2 levele0
- Outcome
- total transpiratione0
- Direction
- little affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“total transpiration was little affected by CO2 level within each treatment.”
e1“Wheat plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Matong showed greater stomatal closure than Modoc under salinity.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivume1
- Material
- Matonge0
- Outcome
- stomatal closuree0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Qualifier
- under salinitye0
- Comparator
- Modoce0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The more salt-tolerant Matong showed greater stomatal closure and higher transpiration efficiencies than the salt-sensitive Modoc under salinity.”
e1“Wheat plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Matong had higher transpiration efficiency than Modoc under salinity.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivume1
- Material
- Matonge0
- Outcome
- transpiration efficienciese0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- under salinitye0
- Comparator
- Modoce0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The more salt-tolerant Matong showed greater stomatal closure and higher transpiration efficiencies than the salt-sensitive Modoc under salinity.”
e1“Wheat plants”
Claim · model-written summary
High CO2 reduced transpiration per dry weight by 40 to 50%.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- High CO2e0
- Outcome
- transpiration rate (per unit dry weight)e0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 40 to 50%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“High CO2 reduced transpiration rate (per unit dry weight) by 40 to 50%”
e1“Wheat plants”
Claim · model-written summary
High CO2 did not significantly change sodium accumulation per dry weight.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivume2
- Treatment
- High CO2e1
- Outcome
- rate of sodium accumulation (per unit dry weight)e0
- Direction
- did not significantly changee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“did not significantly change the rate of sodium accumulation (per unit dry weight)”
e1“High CO2 reduced transpiration rate”
e2“Wheat plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors inferred that high CO2 stimulated tiller bud development and thus growth.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- high CO2e0
- Outcome
- increased growthe0
- Qualifier
- stimulating the development of tiller budse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Our results suggest that high CO2 increased growth by stimulating the development of tiller buds that would otherwise have been inhibited.”
e1“Wheat plants”
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