Abstract
Two field experiments were conducted in newly reclaimed sandy soils deficient in P and Zn located at an extension field in El–Salhia region, Sharkia Governorate during 2004/2005 and 2005/2006 seasons. This study aimed to evaluate the interactive effects of three levels of P (15, 30 and 45 kg P2O5/fad as ordinary superphosphate, 15.5% P2O5) and four zinc rates (4, 8, 12 and 16 kg ZnSO4.7H2O/fad) on growth, yield and the contents of P and Zn in leaf and grain of wheat (Gemmeiza 9 cv). The most important findings could be summarized as follows: Application of 30 kg P2O5/fad or 12 kg ZnSO4/fad significantly increased leaf area index, net assimilation rate, total chlorophyll, 1000-grain weight, grain and straw yields in both seasons. The increase of P level up to 45 kg P2O5/fad did not add any significant increase in these traits or grain P content, but decreased leaf P and Zn contents in leaf and grain were significantly reduced to the critical levels in both seasons. Leaf and grain Zn contents did not respond to more than 12 kg Zn SO4/fad, but leaf area index, net assimilation rate, total chlorophyll, 1000-grain weight, grain and straw yields were significantly reduced and as well the contents of P in leaf and grain in both seasons. These results confirmed that the over P and Zn application induced an antagonistic effects and significantly depressed growth, yield and their concentrations in leaf and grain. The balanced supply of P and Zn helped to alleviate the negative effects of P-Zn antagonism. Application of 12 kg zinc sulphate with 30 kg P2O5/fad as ordinary superphosphate could be used and afforded the best beneficial interaction effects on wheat grown in these soils. Further researches are needed to identify the suitable crops and the main areas of phosphorus and zinc deficient soils in order to treat them with the proper nutrient balance. Also, it is important to screen crop varieties so that the more efficient varieties could be grown in these soils.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Applying 30 kg P2O5/fad significantly increased wheat leaf area index, net assimilation rate and chlorophyll.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- 30 kg P2O5/fade0
- Outcome
- leaf area index, net assimilation rate, total chlorophylle0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of 30 kg P2O5/fad or 12 kg ZnSO4/fad significantly increased leaf area index, net assimilation rate, total chlorophyll, 1000-grain weight, grain and straw yields in both seasons”
t0“WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Applying 30 kg P2O5/fad significantly increased thousand grain weight and grain and straw yields.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 30 kg P2O5/fade0
- Outcome
- 1000-grain weight, grain and straw yieldse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of 30 kg P2O5/fad or 12 kg ZnSO4/fad significantly increased leaf area index, net assimilation rate, total chlorophyll, 1000-grain weight, grain and straw yields in both seasons”
t0“WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Applying 12 kg ZnSO4/fad significantly increased leaf area index, net assimilation rate and chlorophyll.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 12 kg ZnSO4/fade0
- Outcome
- leaf area index, net assimilation rate, total chlorophylle0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of 30 kg P2O5/fad or 12 kg ZnSO4/fad significantly increased leaf area index, net assimilation rate, total chlorophyll, 1000-grain weight, grain and straw yields in both seasons”
t0“WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Applying 12 kg ZnSO4/fad significantly increased thousand grain weight and grain and straw yields.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 12 kg ZnSO4/fade0
- Outcome
- 1000-grain weight, grain and straw yieldse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of 30 kg P2O5/fad or 12 kg ZnSO4/fad significantly increased leaf area index, net assimilation rate, total chlorophyll, 1000-grain weight, grain and straw yields in both seasons”
t0“WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing phosphorus to 45 kg P2O5/fad added no significant gain in the listed traits or grain phosphorus.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- P level up to 45 kg P2O5/fade0
- Outcome
- these traits or grain P contente0
- Direction
- did not add any significant increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The increase of P level up to 45 kg P2O5/fad did not add any significant increase in these traits or grain P content”
t0“WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing phosphorus to 45 kg P2O5/fad decreased leaf phosphorus.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- P level up to 45 kg P2O5/fade1
- Outcome
- leaf Pe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“but decreased leaf P and Zn contents in leaf and grain were significantly reduced to the critical levels in both seasons”
t0“WHEAT”
e1“The increase of P level up to 45 kg P2O5/fad did not add any significant increase in these traits or grain P content”
Claim · model-written summary
High phosphorus significantly reduced zinc contents of wheat leaf and grain to critical levels.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- P level up to 45 kg P2O5/fade1
- Outcome
- Zn contents in leaf and graine0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Zn contents in leaf and grain were significantly reduced to the critical levels in both seasons”
t0“WHEAT”
e1“The increase of P level up to 45 kg P2O5/fad did not add any significant increase in these traits or grain P content”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf and grain zinc contents did not respond beyond 12 kg ZnSO4/fad.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- more than 12 kg Zn SO4/fade0
- Outcome
- Leaf and grain Zn contentse0
- Direction
- did not responde0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Leaf and grain Zn contents did not respond to more than 12 kg Zn SO4/fad”
t0“WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc above 12 kg ZnSO4/fad significantly reduced leaf area index, net assimilation and chlorophyll.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- more than 12 kg Zn SO4/fade1
- Outcome
- leaf area index, net assimilation rate, total chlorophylle0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“but leaf area index, net assimilation rate, total chlorophyll, 1000-grain weight, grain and straw yields were significantly reduced and as well the contents of P in leaf and grain in both seasons”
t0“WHEAT”
e1“Leaf and grain Zn contents did not respond to more than 12 kg Zn SO4/fad”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc above 12 kg ZnSO4/fad significantly reduced thousand grain weight and grain and straw yield.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- more than 12 kg Zn SO4/fade1
- Outcome
- 1000-grain weight, grain and straw yieldse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“but leaf area index, net assimilation rate, total chlorophyll, 1000-grain weight, grain and straw yields were significantly reduced and as well the contents of P in leaf and grain in both seasons”
t0“WHEAT”
e1“Leaf and grain Zn contents did not respond to more than 12 kg Zn SO4/fad”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc above 12 kg ZnSO4/fad reduced phosphorus in leaf and grain.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- more than 12 kg Zn SO4/fade2
- Outcome
- contents of P in leaf and graine0
- Direction
- reducede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the contents of P in leaf and grain in both seasons”
t0“WHEAT”
e1“but leaf area index, net assimilation rate, total chlorophyll, 1000-grain weight, grain and straw yields were significantly reduced and as well the contents of P in leaf and grain in both seasons”
e2“Leaf and grain Zn contents did not respond to more than 12 kg Zn SO4/fad”
Claim · model-written summary
Excess phosphorus and zinc antagonistically depressed growth, yield and tissue concentrations.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- over P and Zn applicatione0
- Outcome
- growth, yield and their concentrations in leaf and graine0
- Direction
- depressede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“over P and Zn application induced an antagonistic effects and significantly depressed growth, yield and their concentrations in leaf and grain”
t0“WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Balanced phosphorus and zinc supply alleviated the antagonistic effects.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- negative effects of P-Zn antagonisme0
- Direction
- alleviatee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The balanced supply of P and Zn helped to alleviate the negative effects of P-Zn antagonism”
t0“WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend 12 kg zinc sulphate with 30 kg P2O5/fad as ordinary superphosphate for these soils.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- Application of 12 kg zinc sulphate with 30 kg P2O5/fad as ordinary superphosphatee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of 12 kg zinc sulphate with 30 kg P2O5/fad as ordinary superphosphate could be used and afforded the best beneficial interaction effects on wheat grown in these soils”
t0“WHEAT”
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