Abstract
Aims: This study evaluated the role of sodium, potassium, proline and soluble sugars accumulation in the ameliorative effect of an exogenous application of calcium on the detrimental effect of salinity on tomato plants. Study Design: The experiment was implemented as a Completely Randomized Design (RCD) with four treatments and three replications. Place and Duration of Study: The experiment was realized in a green house of the Faculty of Agronomical Sciences, University of Abomey-Calavi, Benin Republic from June to July 2020. Methodology: Three weeks old plants of the tomato cultivar “Padma” was submitted in pots to four treatments comprising the control (without NaCl); salt stress (120 mM NaCl) and a combination of 120 mM NaCl and exogenous application of 40 mM CaSO4 or Ca (NO3)2 by irrigation every two days. Plants growth, sodium (Na) and potassium (K) as well as proline and soluble sugars contents of leaves and roots were determined after two weeks. Results: Salt effect reduced significantly plant growth at P =.05, root K content at P =.05 and leaf K/Na ratio at P =.01 whereas it increased significantly leaf Na at P =.05 and root soluble sugars content at P =.05. The application of exogenous calcium (Ca) induced a significant amelioration of plant growth at P =.01 more marked with CaSO4 than with Ca (NO3)2. This treatment induced a significant decrease at P =.01 in leaf and root Na content and a significant increase at P =.05 in root K content only for CaSO4, a significant increase at P =.01 in leaf K/Na ratio and a significant increase at P =.01 in leaf and root proline content only for Ca(NO3)2. Conclusion: The ameliorative effect of both forms of calcium was due mainly to sodium (Na) exclusion from leaves and potassium (K) accumulation associated to a maintain of high K/Na ratio mainly in leaves. The importance of proline accumulation as an indicator of this ameliorative effect was associated only to Ca(NO3)2.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress reduced plant growth.
- Taxon
- Tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- Salt effecte0
- Outcome
- plant growthe0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- P =.05e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Salt effect reduced significantly plant growth at P =.05, root K content at P =.05 and leaf K/Na ratio at P =.01 whereas it increased significantly leaf Na at P =.05 and root soluble sugars content at P =.05.”
t0“Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress reduced root K content.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Salt effecte0
- Outcome
- root K contente0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- P =.05e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Salt effect reduced significantly plant growth at P =.05, root K content at P =.05 and leaf K/Na ratio at P =.01 whereas it increased significantly leaf Na at P =.05 and root soluble sugars content at P =.05.”
t0“Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress reduced leaf K/Na ratio.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Salt effecte0
- Outcome
- leaf K/Na ratioe0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- P =.01e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Salt effect reduced significantly plant growth at P =.05, root K content at P =.05 and leaf K/Na ratio at P =.01 whereas it increased significantly leaf Na at P =.05 and root soluble sugars content at P =.05.”
t0“Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress increased leaf Na.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Salt effecte0
- Outcome
- leaf Nae0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- P =.05e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Salt effect reduced significantly plant growth at P =.05, root K content at P =.05 and leaf K/Na ratio at P =.01 whereas it increased significantly leaf Na at P =.05 and root soluble sugars content at P =.05.”
t0“Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress increased root soluble sugars content.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Salt effecte0
- Outcome
- root soluble sugars contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- P =.05e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Salt effect reduced significantly plant growth at P =.05, root K content at P =.05 and leaf K/Na ratio at P =.01 whereas it increased significantly leaf Na at P =.05 and root soluble sugars content at P =.05.”
t0“Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
CaSO4 ameliorated growth under salt stress.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- CaSO4e0
- Outcome
- plant growthe0
- Direction
- amelioratione0
- Qualifier
- P =.01e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application of exogenous calcium (Ca) induced a significant amelioration of plant growth at P =.01 more marked with CaSO4 than with Ca (NO3)2.”
t0“Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Ca (NO3)2 ameliorated growth under salt stress.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Ca (NO3)2e0
- Outcome
- plant growthe0
- Direction
- amelioratione0
- Qualifier
- P =.01e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application of exogenous calcium (Ca) induced a significant amelioration of plant growth at P =.01 more marked with CaSO4 than with Ca (NO3)2.”
t0“Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Calcium sulfate improved growth more than calcium nitrate.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- CaSO4e0
- Outcome
- plant growthe0
- Direction
- more markede0
- Comparator
- Ca (NO3)2e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application of exogenous calcium (Ca) induced a significant amelioration of plant growth at P =.01 more marked with CaSO4 than with Ca (NO3)2.”
t0“Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Calcium application decreased leaf and root sodium content.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- This treatmente0
- Outcome
- leaf and root Na contente0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Qualifier
- P =.01e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This treatment induced a significant decrease at P =.01 in leaf and root Na content and a significant increase at P =.05 in root K content only for CaSO4, a significant increase at P =.01 in leaf K/Na ratio and a significant increase at P =.01 in leaf and root proline content only for Ca(NO3)2.”
t0“Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Calcium sulfate increased root potassium content.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- CaSO4e0
- Outcome
- root K contente0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- P =.05e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This treatment induced a significant decrease at P =.01 in leaf and root Na content and a significant increase at P =.05 in root K content only for CaSO4, a significant increase at P =.01 in leaf K/Na ratio and a significant increase at P =.01 in leaf and root proline content only for Ca(NO3)2.”
t0“Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Calcium application increased leaf potassium to sodium ratio.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- This treatmente0
- Outcome
- leaf K/Na ratioe0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- P =.01e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This treatment induced a significant decrease at P =.01 in leaf and root Na content and a significant increase at P =.05 in root K content only for CaSO4, a significant increase at P =.01 in leaf K/Na ratio and a significant increase at P =.01 in leaf and root proline content only for Ca(NO3)2.”
t0“Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Calcium nitrate increased leaf and root proline content.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Ca(NO3)2e0
- Outcome
- leaf and root proline contente0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- P =.01e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This treatment induced a significant decrease at P =.01 in leaf and root Na content and a significant increase at P =.05 in root K content only for CaSO4, a significant increase at P =.01 in leaf K/Na ratio and a significant increase at P =.01 in leaf and root proline content only for Ca(NO3)2.”
t0“Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors attribute calcium benefits mainly to leaf sodium exclusion, potassium accumulation and high leaf K/Na ratio.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- both forms of calciume0
- Outcome
- ameliorative effecte0
- Qualifier
- sodium (Na) exclusion from leaves and potassium (K) accumulation associated to a maintain of high K/Na ratio mainly in leavese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The ameliorative effect of both forms of calcium was due mainly to sodium (Na) exclusion from leaves and potassium (K) accumulation associated to a maintain of high K/Na ratio mainly in leaves.”
t0“Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Proline accumulation was an indicator of amelioration only with calcium nitrate.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Ca(NO3)2e0
- Outcome
- proline accumulation as an indicator of this ameliorative effecte0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The importance of proline accumulation as an indicator of this ameliorative effect was associated only to Ca(NO3)2.”
t0“Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) Plants”
The same questions in other papers
calcium atom · growth · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results differ
53 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- negative
- no effect
56 papers more in this group
See all 60 papers →calcium sulfate · nutrient: content · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
calcium atom · physiology: osmolytes · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
5 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →salinity · physiology: osmolytes · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results differ
12 papers in the same direction as this paper · 9 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
18 papers more in this group
See all 22 papers →salinity · nutrient: content · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
57 papers in the same direction as this paper · 8 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
62 papers more in this group
See all 66 papers →salinity · growth · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
260 papers in the same direction as this paper · 39 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
296 papers more in this group
See all 300 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.