Abstract
Abiotic stress imposed by heavy metals (HMs) adversely influences plant growth. In crop plants, such stresses penalize grain yield and ultimately could have enduring connotations for sustainable food security. Although copper (Cu) is an essential micronutrient for crop life, excessive availability of copper impairs plant growth and/or reproductive performance. Anecdotal evidence suggests that hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is produced in plants under either biotic or abiotic stresses to mitigate oxygen-derived cell toxicity, although the influence of H2O2 remains to be definitively quantified. Here, our aim was to investigate the effects of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) on the growth, grain yield, and yield components, as well as copper uptake of stressed wheat grown in sandy soil. We found that applications rates of 150 or 300 mg Cu kg−1 soil significantly reduced net photosynthesis, leaf area, chlorophyll, and grain yield. Foliar application of H2O2 to plants grown under 150 and 300 mg Cu kg−1 soil had improved growth, physiological, and yield traits. For instance, foliar application of H2O2 Cu-stressed plants grown under 300 mg Cu kg−1 soil reduced detrimental effects of Cu toxicity by −12% in terms of grains per spike and −7% for 1000-grain weight in comparison to the control treatment. Foliar application of H2O2 on wheat grown under copper stress reduced accumulation of other heavy metals such as cadmium. We suggest that the potential for foliar application of H2O2 in mitigating heavy metal stress in crop plants has large global potential; however, further work is required to elucidate the environmental conditions and application rates required to attain optimal benefit.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Copper at 150 or 300 mg Cu kg−1 soil significantly reduced net photosynthesis, leaf area and chlorophyll in wheat.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- 150 or 300 mg Cu kg−1 soile1
- Outcome
- net photosynthesis, leaf area, chlorophylle1
- Direction
- reducede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“stressed wheat grown in sandy soil”
e1“applications rates of 150 or 300 mg Cu kg−1 soil significantly reduced net photosynthesis, leaf area, chlorophyll, and grain yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Copper at 150 or 300 mg Cu kg−1 soil significantly reduced grain yield of wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- 150 or 300 mg Cu kg−1 soile1
- Outcome
- grain yielde1
- Direction
- reducede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“stressed wheat grown in sandy soil”
e1“applications rates of 150 or 300 mg Cu kg−1 soil significantly reduced net photosynthesis, leaf area, chlorophyll, and grain yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar H2O2 improved growth, physiological and yield traits of wheat grown under 150 and 300 mg Cu kg−1 soil.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Foliar application of H2O2e2
- Outcome
- growth, physiological, and yield traitse2
- Direction
- improvede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“stressed wheat grown in sandy soil”
e2“Foliar application of H2O2 to plants grown under 150 and 300 mg Cu kg−1 soil had improved growth, physiological, and yield traits”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar H2O2 under 300 mg Cu kg−1 soil reduced the detrimental effect of copper on grains per spike by −12% relative to the control treatment.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- foliar application of H2O2e3
- Outcome
- grains per spikee3
- Direction
- reducede3
- Value
- −12%e3
- Comparator
- control treatmente4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“stressed wheat grown in sandy soil”
e3“foliar application of H2O2 Cu-stressed plants grown under 300 mg Cu kg−1 soil reduced detrimental effects of Cu toxicity by −12% in terms of grains per spike”
e4“in comparison to the control treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar H2O2 under 300 mg Cu kg−1 soil reduced the detrimental effect of copper on 1000-grain weight by −7% relative to the control treatment.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- foliar application of H2O2e6
- Outcome
- 1000-grain weighte5
- Direction
- reducede5
- Value
- −7%e5
- Comparator
- control treatmente5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“stressed wheat grown in sandy soil”
e5“reduced detrimental effects of Cu toxicity by −12% in terms of grains per spike and −7% for 1000-grain weight in comparison to the control treatment”
e6“foliar application of H2O2 Cu-stressed plants grown under 300 mg Cu kg−1 soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar H2O2 on wheat grown under copper stress reduced accumulation of other heavy metals such as cadmium.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume7
- Treatment
- Foliar application of H2O2e7
- Outcome
- accumulation of other heavy metals such as cadmiume7
- Direction
- reducede7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“Foliar application of H2O2 on wheat grown under copper stress reduced accumulation of other heavy metals such as cadmium”
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