Abstract
) intercropping is widely applied in tea gardens, the underlying mechanisms driving tea quality promotion remain largely unclear. This study explores the effects of intercropping on tea quality, soil nutrient availability, and soybean growth and analyzes their mutual relationship. Field experiments revealed that intercropping increased tea leaf water extracts, polyphenols, and amino acids by 4.36-8.99%, 14.76-15.23%, and 14.73-16.36%, respectively, across two growth stages. Furthermore, intercropping boosted organic matter, available nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) in the tea rhizosphere. Enzyme activities, including acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, urease, and β-glucosidase, were also elevated in tea/soybean intercropping. In soybean, shoot and root biomass, weight and number of nodules, and N, P, and K content increased over cultivation time. Correlation analysis showed that tea water extracts and polyphenols were positively linked to soil available P and alkaline phosphatase activities. Soybean root and nodule growth were correlated with soil N and P activation and tea water extracts, indicating that soybean-mediated underground interactions drive mineral nutrient mobilization in rhizosphere, further improving tea quality. This study provides mechanistic insights into tea/soybean intercropping, offering practical implications for sustainable tea cultivation practices.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping increased tea leaf water extracts by 4.36-8.99%.
- Taxon
- teae0
- Treatment
- intercroppinge0
- Outcome
- tea leaf water extractse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 4.36-8.99%e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“intercropping increased tea leaf water extracts, polyphenols, and amino acids by 4.36-8.99%, 14.76-15.23%, and 14.73-16.36%, respectively, across two growth stages”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping increased tea polyphenols by 14.76-15.23%.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“intercropping increased tea leaf water extracts, polyphenols, and amino acids by 4.36-8.99%, 14.76-15.23%, and 14.73-16.36%, respectively, across two growth stages”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping increased tea amino acids by 14.73-16.36%.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“intercropping increased tea leaf water extracts, polyphenols, and amino acids by 4.36-8.99%, 14.76-15.23%, and 14.73-16.36%, respectively, across two growth stages”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping increased organic matter and available N, P and K in tea rhizosphere.
- Taxon
- teae0
- Treatment
- intercroppinge0
- Outcome
- organic matter, available nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K)e0
- Direction
- boostede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“intercropping boosted organic matter, available nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) in the tea rhizosphere”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping elevated four soil enzyme activities.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Enzyme activities, including acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, urease, and β-glucosidase, were also elevated in tea/soybean intercropping”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean shoot and root biomass, nodule weight and number, and nutrient contents increased over time.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Outcome
- shoot and root biomass, weight and number of nodules, and N, P, and K contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- cultivation timee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In soybean, shoot and root biomass, weight and number of nodules, and N, P, and K content increased over cultivation time”
Claim · model-written summary
Tea water extracts and polyphenols correlated positively with soil available P and alkaline phosphatase.
Verbatim
e0“tea water extracts and polyphenols were positively linked to soil available P and alkaline phosphatase activities”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean root and nodule growth correlated with soil N and P activation and tea water extracts.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe0
- Outcome
- root and nodule growthe0
- Comparator
- soil N and P activation and tea water extractse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean root and nodule growth were correlated with soil N and P activation and tea water extracts”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer that soybean underground interactions improve tea quality through nutrient mobilization.
Verbatim
e0“soybean-mediated underground interactions drive mineral nutrient mobilization in rhizosphere, further improving tea quality”
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