Paper · 2021 · Environment Conservation Journal

Effect of biofertilizers and phosphorus on growth parameters and yield of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) in sandy loam soil of Prayagraj

Jayshree; Umesha C.

10
claims
30
verbatim quotes
6
citations
2
research areas
✓
Open access · cc-by-nc

Abstract

A field experiment was carried out during Kharif, 2020 at Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj (U.P) on sandy loam soil to assess the effect of biofertilizers and phosphorus on growth parameters and yield of Cowpea. The design of field experiment was Randomized block design consisting of ten treatments each replicated thrice. Experimental results showed significant increase in growth parameter viz., Plant height (81.09 cm), number of branches (4.87), number of nodules (53.27), plant dry weight (30.43 g/plant), crop growth rate (12.59 g/m2/plant) and yield attributing parameters viz., pods/plant (14.73), seeds/ pod (8.85), 100-seed weight (8.02 g), seed yield (2.62 t/ha) and biological yield (9.07 t/ha) were recorded with dual inoculation of Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria and Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhiza along with 55 kg phosphorus per hectare.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by-nc. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 10

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Dual inoculation plus phosphorus gave plant height of 81.09 cm, a significant increase.

Treatment
dual inoculation of Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria and Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhiza along with 55 kg phosphorus per hectaree1
Interactor
Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteriae1symbiont
Second interactor
Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhizae1symbiont
Outcome
Plant heighte0
Direction
increasee0
Value
81.09 cme0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna unguiculata
Vigna unguiculata · TaxonHeraldDesa at English Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“significant increase in growth parameter viz., Plant height (81.09 cm)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 442–512 · show in text ↑
e1

“dual inoculation of Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria and Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhiza along with 55 kg phosphorus per hectare”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 817–944 · show in text ↑
t0

“Cowpea”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 74–80 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

The treatment gave 4.87 branches, a significant increase.

Treatment
dual inoculation of Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria and Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhiza along with 55 kg phosphorus per hectaree1
Outcome
number of branchese0
Direction
increasee0
Value
4.87e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna unguiculata
Vigna unguiculata · TaxonHeraldDesa at English Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“significant increase in growth parameter viz., Plant height (81.09 cm), number of branches (4.87)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 442–539 · show in text ↑
e1

“dual inoculation of Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria and Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhiza along with 55 kg phosphorus per hectare”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 817–944 · show in text ↑
t0

“Cowpea”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 74–80 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

The treatment gave 53.27 nodules, a significant increase.

Treatment
dual inoculation of Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria and Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhiza along with 55 kg phosphorus per hectaree1
Outcome
number of nodulese0
Direction
increasee0
Value
53.27e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna unguiculata
Vigna unguiculata · TaxonHeraldDesa at English Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“significant increase in growth parameter viz., Plant height (81.09 cm), number of branches (4.87), number of nodules (53.27)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 442–566 · show in text ↑
e1

“dual inoculation of Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria and Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhiza along with 55 kg phosphorus per hectare”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 817–944 · show in text ↑
t0

“Cowpea”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 74–80 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

The treatment gave plant dry weight of 30.43 g/plant, a significant increase.

Treatment
dual inoculation of Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria and Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhiza along with 55 kg phosphorus per hectaree1
Outcome
plant dry weighte0
Direction
increasee0
Value
30.43 g/plante0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna unguiculata
Vigna unguiculata · TaxonHeraldDesa at English Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“significant increase in growth parameter viz., Plant height (81.09 cm), number of branches (4.87), number of nodules (53.27), plant dry weight (30.43 g/plant)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 442–600 · show in text ↑
e1

“dual inoculation of Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria and Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhiza along with 55 kg phosphorus per hectare”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 817–944 · show in text ↑
t0

“Cowpea”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 74–80 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

The treatment gave crop growth rate of 12.59 g/m2/plant, a significant increase.

Treatment
dual inoculation of Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria and Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhiza along with 55 kg phosphorus per hectaree1
Outcome
crop growth ratee0
Direction
increasee0
Value
12.59 g/m2/plante0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna unguiculata
Vigna unguiculata · TaxonHeraldDesa at English Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“significant increase in growth parameter viz., Plant height (81.09 cm), number of branches (4.87), number of nodules (53.27), plant dry weight (30.43 g/plant), crop growth rate (12.59 g/m2/plant)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 442–637 · show in text ↑
e1

“dual inoculation of Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria and Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhiza along with 55 kg phosphorus per hectare”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 817–944 · show in text ↑
t0

“Cowpea”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 74–80 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

The treatment gave 14.73 pods/plant, a significant increase.

Treatment
dual inoculation of Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria and Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhiza along with 55 kg phosphorus per hectaree1
Outcome
pods/plante0
Direction
increasee0
Value
14.73e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna unguiculata
Vigna unguiculata · TaxonHeraldDesa at English Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“significant increase in growth parameter viz., Plant height (81.09 cm), number of branches (4.87), number of nodules (53.27), plant dry weight (30.43 g/plant), crop growth rate (12.59 g/m2/plant) and yield attributing parameters viz., pods/plant (14.73)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 442–695 · show in text ↑
e1

“dual inoculation of Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria and Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhiza along with 55 kg phosphorus per hectare”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 817–944 · show in text ↑
t0

“Cowpea”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 74–80 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

The treatment gave 8.85 seeds per pod, a significant increase.

Treatment
dual inoculation of Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria and Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhiza along with 55 kg phosphorus per hectaree1
Outcome
seeds/ pode0
Direction
increasee0
Value
8.85e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna unguiculata
Vigna unguiculata · TaxonHeraldDesa at English Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“significant increase in growth parameter viz., Plant height (81.09 cm), number of branches (4.87), number of nodules (53.27), plant dry weight (30.43 g/plant), crop growth rate (12.59 g/m2/plant) and yield attributing parameters viz., pods/plant (14.73), seeds/ pod (8.85)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 442–714 · show in text ↑
e1

“dual inoculation of Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria and Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhiza along with 55 kg phosphorus per hectare”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 817–944 · show in text ↑
t0

“Cowpea”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 74–80 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

The treatment gave 100-seed weight of 8.02 g, a significant increase.

Treatment
dual inoculation of Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria and Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhiza along with 55 kg phosphorus per hectaree1
Outcome
100-seed weighte0
Direction
increasee0
Value
8.02 ge0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna unguiculata
Vigna unguiculata · TaxonHeraldDesa at English Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“significant increase in growth parameter viz., Plant height (81.09 cm), number of branches (4.87), number of nodules (53.27), plant dry weight (30.43 g/plant), crop growth rate (12.59 g/m2/plant) and yield attributing parameters viz., pods/plant (14.73), seeds/ pod (8.85), 100-seed weight (8.02 g)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 442–740 · show in text ↑
e1

“dual inoculation of Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria and Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhiza along with 55 kg phosphorus per hectare”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 817–944 · show in text ↑
t0

“Cowpea”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 74–80 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

The treatment gave seed yield of 2.62 t/ha, a significant increase.

Treatment
dual inoculation of Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria and Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhiza along with 55 kg phosphorus per hectaree1
Outcome
seed yielde0
Direction
increasee0
Value
2.62 t/hae0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna unguiculata
Vigna unguiculata · TaxonHeraldDesa at English Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“significant increase in growth parameter viz., Plant height (81.09 cm), number of branches (4.87), number of nodules (53.27), plant dry weight (30.43 g/plant), crop growth rate (12.59 g/m2/plant) and yield attributing parameters viz., pods/plant (14.73), seeds/ pod (8.85), 100-seed weight (8.02 g), seed yield (2.62 t/ha)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 442–764 · show in text ↑
e1

“dual inoculation of Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria and Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhiza along with 55 kg phosphorus per hectare”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 817–944 · show in text ↑
t0

“Cowpea”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 74–80 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

The treatment gave biological yield of 9.07 t/ha, a significant increase.

Treatment
dual inoculation of Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria and Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhiza along with 55 kg phosphorus per hectaree1
Outcome
biological yielde0
Direction
increasee0
Value
9.07 t/hae0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna unguiculata
Vigna unguiculata · TaxonHeraldDesa at English Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“significant increase in growth parameter viz., Plant height (81.09 cm), number of branches (4.87), number of nodules (53.27), plant dry weight (30.43 g/plant), crop growth rate (12.59 g/m2/plant) and yield attributing parameters viz., pods/plant (14.73), seeds/ pod (8.85), 100-seed weight (8.02 g), seed yield (2.62 t/ha) and biological yield (9.07 t/ha)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 442–797 · show in text ↑
e1

“dual inoculation of Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria and Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhiza along with 55 kg phosphorus per hectare”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 817–944 · show in text ↑
t0

“Cowpea”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 74–80 · show in text ↑

phosphorus · symbiosis · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Results differ

32 papers: 28 positive, 4 negative or no effect

27 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. no effect
  3. no effect

28 papers more in this group

See all 32 papers →

phosphorus · growth · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Results differ

56 papers: 52 positive, 4 negative or no effect

51 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. no effect

52 papers more in this group

See all 56 papers →

inoculation · symbiosis · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Results differ

69 papers: 57 positive, 12 negative or no effect

56 papers in the same direction as this paper · 11 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
  2. no effect
  3. negative

65 papers more in this group

See all 69 papers →

phosphorus · yield · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Results differ

113 papers: 107 positive, 6 negative or no effect

106 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
  2. no effect
  3. negative

109 papers more in this group

See all 113 papers →

inoculation · yield · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Results differ

116 papers: 99 positive, 17 negative or no effect

98 papers in the same direction as this paper · 16 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. no effect

112 papers more in this group

See all 116 papers →

mycorrhiza · symbiosis · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Positive and negative results

8 papers: 7 positive, 1 negative or no effect

6 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. positive
  3. positive

4 papers more in this group

See all 8 papers →

mycorrhiza · yield · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Positive and negative results

12 papers: 10 positive, 2 negative or no effect

9 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. no effect
  3. no effect

8 papers more in this group

See all 12 papers →

inoculation · growth · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Positive and negative results

102 papers: 92 positive, 10 negative or no effect

91 papers in the same direction as this paper · 8 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
  2. negative
  3. no effect

98 papers more in this group

See all 102 papers →

8 of 9 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.