Abstract
Hidden hunger due to inadequate availability of micronutrients such as Zn, Fe and Cu often limits wheat productivity despite sufficient macronutrient supply. A field experiment was conducted during the rabi seasons of 2022–23 and 2023–24 at Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur, to evaluate the effect of sulphate-based micronutrient fertilisation on the growth performance of wheat varieties. The study was laid out in a split-plot design with 2 varieties as main plots and 10 nutrient management treatments, including control, as subplots. Results revealed that variety DBW-222 exhibited superior growth performance over HD-2967 in terms of plant height, tiller density, dry matter production, crop growth rate and grain yield. Among nutrient management practices, the treatment, recommended dose of fertilisers (RDF) + soil application of (Zn + Fe+ Cu) through ZnSO4.7H2O at 20 kg ha-1, FeSO4.7H2O at 12 kg ha-1, CuSO4.5H2O at 2.0 kg ha-1 significantly enhanced plant height, tiller number, dry matter accumulation (DMA), crop growth rate (CGR) and grain yield compared to control and individual applications. This treatment also reduced days to heading and maturity, indicating improved crop vigour and growth efficiency. The period of 60–90 days after sowing (DAS) was identified as the most critical stage for rapid biomass accumulation. Overall, the study demonstrates that combined soil application of Zn, Fe and Cu substantially improves wheat growth and can be recommended as an effective strategy to address micronutrient deficiencies and enhance crop performance.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
DBW-222 had superior height, tiller density, and dry matter production relative to HD-2967.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Material
- DBW-222e0
- Outcome
- plant height, tiller density, dry matter productione0
- Direction
- superiore0
- Comparator
- HD-2967e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“variety DBW-222 exhibited superior growth performance over HD-2967 in terms of plant height, tiller density, dry matter production, crop growth rate and grain yield.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
DBW-222 had superior crop growth rate and grain yield relative to HD-2967.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- DBW-222e0
- Outcome
- crop growth rate and grain yielde0
- Direction
- superiore0
- Comparator
- HD-2967e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“variety DBW-222 exhibited superior growth performance over HD-2967 in terms of plant height, tiller density, dry matter production, crop growth rate and grain yield.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined Zn, Fe, and Cu fertilization significantly enhanced height, tiller number, and dry matter versus control and individual applications.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- recommended dose of fertilisers (RDF) + soil application of (Zn + Fe+ Cu) through ZnSO4.7H2O at 20 kg ha-1, FeSO4.7H2O at 12 kg ha-1, CuSO4.5H2O at 2.0 kg ha-1e0
- Outcome
- plant height, tiller number, dry matter accumulation (DMA)e0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Comparator
- control and individual applicationse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“recommended dose of fertilisers (RDF) + soil application of (Zn + Fe+ Cu) through ZnSO4.7H2O at 20 kg ha-1, FeSO4.7H2O at 12 kg ha-1, CuSO4.5H2O at 2.0 kg ha-1 significantly enhanced plant height, tiller number, dry matter accumulation (DMA), crop growth rate (CGR) and grain yield compared to control and individual applications.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined micronutrient fertilization significantly enhanced crop growth rate and grain yield.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- recommended dose of fertilisers (RDF) + soil application of (Zn + Fe+ Cu) through ZnSO4.7H2O at 20 kg ha-1, FeSO4.7H2O at 12 kg ha-1, CuSO4.5H2O at 2.0 kg ha-1e0
- Outcome
- crop growth rate (CGR) and grain yielde0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Comparator
- control and individual applicationse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“recommended dose of fertilisers (RDF) + soil application of (Zn + Fe+ Cu) through ZnSO4.7H2O at 20 kg ha-1, FeSO4.7H2O at 12 kg ha-1, CuSO4.5H2O at 2.0 kg ha-1 significantly enhanced plant height, tiller number, dry matter accumulation (DMA), crop growth rate (CGR) and grain yield compared to control and individual applications.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined treatment reduced days to heading and maturity.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- recommended dose of fertilisers (RDF) + soil application of (Zn + Fe+ Cu)e1
- Outcome
- days to heading and maturitye0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This treatment also reduced days to heading and maturity, indicating improved crop vigour and growth efficiency.”
e1“recommended dose of fertilisers (RDF) + soil application of (Zn + Fe+ Cu)”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat accumulated biomass most rapidly 60–90 days after sowing.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- 60–90 days after sowing (DAS)e0
- Outcome
- rapid biomass accumulatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The period of 60–90 days after sowing (DAS) was identified as the most critical stage for rapid biomass accumulation.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend combined soil Zn, Fe, and Cu to address deficiencies and improve crop performance.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- combined soil application of Zn, Fe and Cue0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“combined soil application of Zn, Fe and Cu substantially improves wheat growth and can be recommended as an effective strategy to address micronutrient deficiencies and enhance crop performance.”
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8 of 18 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.