Abstract
Four commercial composts (El-Wady®, El-Kattamyia®, Bio-green® and Organic Complementary®) prepared from food industry residues, town refuse organic matter, poultry droppings and sugar cane residues, respectively, were tested for their efficacy in suppressing root knot and root rot diseases caused by Meloidogyne incognita and Fusarium solani, respectively. The two pathogens were found infesting ten-year-old grapevines cv. Superior planted in newly reclaimed sandy soil under a drip irrigation system. The impacts of the composts were studied on plant growth variables and yield production when incorporated into the soil at the rates of 1.5, 3.0 and 6.0 kg/grapevine plant during two successive seasons (2007 and 2008). The addition of composts to soil significantly suppressed populations of the root-knot nematode in soil and roots as well as gall formation, with Organic Complementary compost being the most effective in controlling second stage juveniles of M. incognita in soil and roots, followed by El-Wady, Bio-green and El-Kattamyia composts, respectively. The greatest suppression of root galls was exhibited by Bio-green compost followed by Organic Complementary, El-Kattamyia and El-Wady composts, respectively. All composts and doses significantly suppressed F. solani in soil and enhanced soil mycoflora, which was composed of Aspergillus niger, A. terreus, Penicillium chrysogenum, P. citrinum and P. corylophilum, and decreased the infection of new grapevine roots by F. solani. All composts enhanced plant leaf area and cane thickness, increased nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium content of leaves and improved both physical and chemical characters of clusters and berries. Total soluble solids (TSS), Total acidity (TA), TSS/TA ratio and grape yield were also increased.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Composts suppressed M. incognita populations in soil and roots and gall formation.
- Treatment
- addition of composts to soile0
- Interactor
- Meloidogyne incognita
_penetrates_a_tomato_root_-_USDA-ARS.jpg?width=60)
Meloidogyne incognitae1pathogen - Outcome
- populations of the root-knot nematode in soil and roots as well as gall formatione0
- Direction
- suppressede0
VitisNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_penetrates_a_tomato_root_-_USDA-ARS.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“The addition of composts to soil significantly suppressed populations of the root-knot nematode in soil and roots as well as gall formation”
e1“Meloidogyne incognita”
e2“grapevines cv. Superior”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic Complementary controlled M. incognita juveniles most effectively, followed by El-Wady, Bio-green and El-Kattamyia.
- Treatment
- Organic Complementary composte0
- Interactor
- M. incognitaMeloidogyne incognitae0pathogen
- Outcome
- second stage juveniles of M. incognita in soil and rootse0
- Direction
- most effectivee0
- Comparator
- El-Wady, Bio-green and El-Kattamyia compostse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Organic Complementary compost being the most effective in controlling second stage juveniles of M. incognita in soil and roots, followed by El-Wady, Bio-green and El-Kattamyia composts, respectively”
e1“grapevines cv. Superior”
Claim · model-written summary
Bio-green most suppressed root galls, followed by Organic Complementary, El-Kattamyia and El-Wady.
- Treatment
- Bio-green composte0
- Interactor
- Meloidogyne incognitaMeloidogyne incognitae2pathogen
- Outcome
- root gallse0
- Direction
- greatest suppressione0
- Comparator
- Organic Complementary, El-Kattamyia and El-Wady compostse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The greatest suppression of root galls was exhibited by Bio-green compost followed by Organic Complementary, El-Kattamyia and El-Wady composts, respectively”
e1“grapevines cv. Superior”
e2“Meloidogyne incognita”
Claim · model-written summary
All composts and doses suppressed F. solani in soil.
- Treatment
- All composts and dosese0
- Interactor
- F. solani
_Sacc._5393379.jpg?width=60)
Fusarium solanie0pathogen - Outcome
- F. solani in soile0
- Direction
- suppressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Sacc._5393379.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“All composts and doses significantly suppressed F. solani in soil”
e1“grapevines cv. Superior”
Claim · model-written summary
Composts enhanced soil mycoflora.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“enhanced soil mycoflora”
e1“All composts and doses”
e2“grapevines cv. Superior”
Claim · model-written summary
Composts reduced new grapevine root infection by F. solani.
- Treatment
- All composts and dosese1
- Interactor
- F. solaniFusarium solanie0pathogen
- Outcome
- infection of new grapevine roots by F. solanie0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“decreased the infection of new grapevine roots by F. solani”
e1“All composts and doses”
Claim · model-written summary
Composts increased leaf area and cane thickness.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All composts enhanced plant leaf area and cane thickness”
e1“grapevines cv. Superior”
Claim · model-written summary
Composts increased leaf nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium content.
- Treatment
- All compostse1
- Outcome
- nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium content of leavese0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increased nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium content of leaves”
e1“All composts enhanced plant leaf area”
e2“grapevines cv. Superior”
Claim · model-written summary
Composts improved physical and chemical traits of clusters and berries.
- Treatment
- All compostse1
- Outcome
- physical and chemical characters of clusters and berriese0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“improved both physical and chemical characters of clusters and berries”
e1“All composts enhanced plant leaf area”
e2“grapevines cv. Superior”
Claim · model-written summary
Composts increased TSS, TA and TSS/TA ratio.
- Treatment
- All compostse1
- Outcome
- Total soluble solids (TSS), Total acidity (TA), TSS/TA ratioe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Total soluble solids (TSS), Total acidity (TA), TSS/TA ratio and grape yield were also increased”
e1“All composts enhanced plant leaf area”
e2“grapevines cv. Superior”
Claim · model-written summary
Composts increased grape yield.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grape yield were also increased”
e1“All composts enhanced plant leaf area”
e2“grapevines cv. Superior”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.