Abstract
THIS investigation was carried out during two successive seasons of 2013 and 2014 in a private farm located at the 64 Km on the Cairo-Alexandria Desert Road. Pomegranate trees (Wonderful cultivar) were selected to study the effect of two covering materials (white shaded net for trees and white agril bags for fruits) and potassium fertilization (K2SO4) on reducing pomegranate fruit disorders and improving fruit quality. The covering treatments started (after 21 days of fruit set till the 1st week of October) and K2SO4 as soil application at three rates (1.0, 0.75 and 0.50 kg /tree) divided monthly on batches (from March to September). The obtained results showed that, covering trees with white shaded net and supplemented with the application of 0.75 kg/tree K2SO4, increased fruit length (cm), fruit diameter (cm), fruit weight (g) and fruit volume (cm)3. While, the rate of 1.0 kg/tree increased T.S.S %, T.S.S. acidity and vitamin C. The open field trees that fertilized with 1.0 kg of K2SO4 increased yield/tree (kg) and fruit edible part (%). There were convergence between the two rates of K2SO4 (1.0 & 0.75 kg/tree) in total sugars percentage and total anthocyanin content in fruit juice. The highest marketable fruits (%) and the lowest cracked fruits (%), sunburned fruits (%) per tree and fruit juice acidity (%) associated with covered trees with shaded net and fruits with agril bags and have been supplied with 1.0&0.75 kg/tree of K2SO4. Moreover, leaves N, P, and K contents increased by increasing the rates of K2SO4 fertilization, the maximum records were obtained with the open field treatments. Generally, it can be recommended under the same conditions of this study that, covering pomegranate trees by white shaded net with the addition of K2SO4 at 0.75 kg/tree can be used in reducing fruit disorders and improving fruit quality, that led to increase the total income per fed, this in turn increased the net profit /fed. Increasing the benefit is nowadays used in the main areas of fruit production in Egypt.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Shade net plus 0.75 kg/tree K2SO4 increased fruit length, diameter and weight.
- Taxon
- Pomegranate
Punica granatumt0 - Material
- Wonderfult1
- Treatment
- white shaded net and supplemented with the application of 0.75 kg/tree K2SO4e0
- Outcome
- fruit length (cm), fruit diameter (cm), fruit weight (g)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“covering trees with white shaded net and supplemented with the application of 0.75 kg/tree K2SO4, increased fruit length (cm), fruit diameter (cm), fruit weight (g) and fruit volume (cm)3.”
t0“Pomegranate”
t1“Pomegranate trees (Wonderful cultivar)”
Claim · model-written summary
Shade net plus 0.75 kg/tree K2SO4 increased fruit volume.
- Taxon
- PomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- white shaded net and supplemented with the application of 0.75 kg/tree K2SO4e0
- Outcome
- fruit volumee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“covering trees with white shaded net and supplemented with the application of 0.75 kg/tree K2SO4, increased fruit length (cm), fruit diameter (cm), fruit weight (g) and fruit volume (cm)3.”
t0“Pomegranate”
t1“Pomegranate trees (Wonderful cultivar)”
Claim · model-written summary
The 1.0 kg/tree K2SO4 rate increased total soluble solids, T.S.S. acidity and vitamin C.
- Taxon
- PomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- 1.0 kg/treee0
- Outcome
- T.S.S %, T.S.S. acidity and vitamin Ce0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the rate of 1.0 kg/tree increased T.S.S %, T.S.S. acidity and vitamin C.”
t0“Pomegranate”
t1“Pomegranate trees (Wonderful cultivar)”
Claim · model-written summary
Open-field trees fertilized with 1.0 kg K2SO4 had increased yield per tree.
- Taxon
- PomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- 1.0 kg of K2SO4e0
- Outcome
- yield/treee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Setting
- open fielde0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The open field trees that fertilized with 1.0 kg of K2SO4 increased yield/tree (kg) and fruit edible part (%).”
t0“Pomegranate”
t1“Pomegranate trees (Wonderful cultivar)”
Claim · model-written summary
Open-field trees fertilized with 1.0 kg K2SO4 had increased edible fruit proportion.
- Taxon
- PomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- 1.0 kg of K2SO4e0
- Outcome
- fruit edible parte0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Setting
- open fielde0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The open field trees that fertilized with 1.0 kg of K2SO4 increased yield/tree (kg) and fruit edible part (%).”
t0“Pomegranate”
t1“Pomegranate trees (Wonderful cultivar)”
Claim · model-written summary
The 1.0 and 0.75 kg/tree K2SO4 rates yielded convergent total sugar percentages.
- Taxon
- PomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- 1.0 & 0.75 kg/treee0
- Outcome
- total sugars percentagee0
- Direction
- convergencee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There were convergence between the two rates of K2SO4 (1.0 & 0.75 kg/tree) in total sugars percentage and total anthocyanin content in fruit juice.”
t0“Pomegranate”
t1“Pomegranate trees (Wonderful cultivar)”
Claim · model-written summary
The 1.0 and 0.75 kg/tree K2SO4 rates yielded convergent juice anthocyanin content.
- Taxon
- PomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- 1.0 & 0.75 kg/treee0
- Outcome
- total anthocyanin content in fruit juicee0
- Direction
- convergencee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There were convergence between the two rates of K2SO4 (1.0 & 0.75 kg/tree) in total sugars percentage and total anthocyanin content in fruit juice.”
t0“Pomegranate”
t1“Pomegranate trees (Wonderful cultivar)”
Claim · model-written summary
Covering with net and bags plus 1.0 or 0.75 kg/tree K2SO4 was associated with the highest marketable fruit percentage.
- Taxon
- PomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- covered trees with shaded net and fruits with agril bags and have been supplied with 1.0&0.75 kg/tree of K2SO4e0
- Outcome
- marketable fruitse0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest marketable fruits (%) and the lowest cracked fruits (%), sunburned fruits (%) per tree and fruit juice acidity (%) associated with covered trees with shaded net and fruits with agril bags and have been supplied with 1.0&0.75 kg/tree of K2SO4.”
t0“Pomegranate”
t1“Pomegranate trees (Wonderful cultivar)”
Claim · model-written summary
The same combined coverings and potassium had the lowest cracked fruit percentage.
- Taxon
- PomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- covered trees with shaded net and fruits with agril bags and have been supplied with 1.0&0.75 kg/tree of K2SO4e0
- Outcome
- cracked fruitse0
- Direction
- loweste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest marketable fruits (%) and the lowest cracked fruits (%), sunburned fruits (%) per tree and fruit juice acidity (%) associated with covered trees with shaded net and fruits with agril bags and have been supplied with 1.0&0.75 kg/tree of K2SO4.”
t0“Pomegranate”
t1“Pomegranate trees (Wonderful cultivar)”
Claim · model-written summary
The same combined coverings and potassium had the lowest sunburned fruit percentage.
- Taxon
- PomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- covered trees with shaded net and fruits with agril bags and have been supplied with 1.0&0.75 kg/tree of K2SO4e0
- Outcome
- sunburned fruitse0
- Direction
- loweste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest marketable fruits (%) and the lowest cracked fruits (%), sunburned fruits (%) per tree and fruit juice acidity (%) associated with covered trees with shaded net and fruits with agril bags and have been supplied with 1.0&0.75 kg/tree of K2SO4.”
t0“Pomegranate”
t1“Pomegranate trees (Wonderful cultivar)”
Claim · model-written summary
The same combined coverings and potassium had the lowest fruit juice acidity.
- Taxon
- PomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- covered trees with shaded net and fruits with agril bags and have been supplied with 1.0&0.75 kg/tree of K2SO4e0
- Outcome
- fruit juice aciditye0
- Direction
- loweste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest marketable fruits (%) and the lowest cracked fruits (%), sunburned fruits (%) per tree and fruit juice acidity (%) associated with covered trees with shaded net and fruits with agril bags and have been supplied with 1.0&0.75 kg/tree of K2SO4.”
t0“Pomegranate”
t1“Pomegranate trees (Wonderful cultivar)”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf N, P and K contents increased with increasing K2SO4 rates.
- Taxon
- PomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- K2SO4 fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- leaves N, P, and K contentse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“leaves N, P, and K contents increased by increasing the rates of K2SO4 fertilization”
t0“Pomegranate”
t1“Pomegranate trees (Wonderful cultivar)”
Claim · model-written summary
Open-field treatments produced the maximum leaf nutrient contents.
- Taxon
- PomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- open field treatmentse0
- Outcome
- maximum recordse0
- Direction
- maximume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the maximum records were obtained with the open field treatments.”
t0“Pomegranate”
t1“Pomegranate trees (Wonderful cultivar)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend shade net plus 0.75 kg/tree K2SO4 to reduce fruit disorders and improve quality.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatume0
- Outcome
- covering pomegranate trees by white shaded net with the addition of K2SO4 at 0.75 kg/treee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“covering pomegranate trees by white shaded net with the addition of K2SO4 at 0.75 kg/tree can be used in reducing fruit disorders and improving fruit quality”
t0“Pomegranate”
t1“Pomegranate trees (Wonderful cultivar)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors report increased total income and net profit per feddan from the recommended approach.
- Taxon
- PomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Outcome
- total income per fed, this in turn increased the net profit /fede0
- Direction
- increasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“that led to increase the total income per fed, this in turn increased the net profit /fed.”
t0“Pomegranate”
t1“Pomegranate trees (Wonderful cultivar)”
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8 of 9 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.