Search claims · PlantClaims

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Fungicides alone had no significant phytotoxicity effect relative to untreated controls.

Taxon: appleMalus domesticat0
Treatment: fungicides alonee0
Outcome: plant phytotoxicitye0
Direction: no significant effecte0
Comparator: untreated controle0

Verbatim

t0
“apple scab”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 37–47

e0
“Treatments applied with fungicides alone had no significant effect on plant phytotoxicity compared to untreated control.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 949–1069

Title

Role of organosilicone surfactant in apple scab control under scab conducive weather conditions

I. J. Holb International Journal of Horticultural Science 2008. doi:10.31421/ijhs/14/3/797

Other claims from this paper (10)

Intervention effect Captan sprays reduced apple leaf or fruit scab versus unsprayed products.
Intervention effect Dithianon sprays reduced apple leaf or fruit scab versus unsprayed products.
Intervention effect Diclolfluanid sprays reduced apple leaf or fruit scab versus unsprayed products.
Intervention effect Fungicides with organosilicone lowered scab incidence on leaves and harvested fruit, although superiority over fungicide alone was not always significant.
Intervention effect Diclofluanid with organosilicone significantly lowered scab incidence on young and older leaves.
Intervention effect Diclofluanid plus organosilicone gave the best leaf and fruit scab control.
Intervention effect Fungicides with organosilicone increased fruit damage relative to controls or fungicide alone.
Intervention effect Dithianon plus organosilicone significantly increased fruit russet.
Intervention effect Diclofluanid plus organosilicone significantly increased fruit russet index versus untreated control.
Recommendation Authors conclude surfactants can improve scab fungicide efficacy and reduce infection risk.

Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

No phytotoxicity was noticed in the hazelnut shoot-control trial.

Taxon: hazelnutt0
Outcome: No effect of phytotoxicitye0

Not reportedDirection

Verbatim

e0
“No effect of phytotoxicity was noticed.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 2011–2050

t0
“hazelnut shoots”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 55–70

Title

Carfentrazone-ethyl: a new molecule for the control of hazelnut shoots.

Angela Fanigliulo; Vittorio Filì; Aniello Crescenzi PubMed 2009

Other claims from this paper (5)

Mechanismobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

High compost salt content caused phytotoxicity in apple systems.

Taxon: APPLEMalus domesticae1
Outcome: phytotoxicity effecte0
Qualifier: high salt content in compostse0

Verbatim

e0
“The phytotoxicity effect, due to high salt content in composts, represents a limit”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1020–1102

e1
“APPLE”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–5

Title

BIO-INCROP - Final report

L. Manici Organic Eprints (International Centre for Research in Organic Food Systems, and Research Institute of Organic Agriculture) 2015

Other claims from this paper (19)

Observation Apple replant disease had a consistent biotic origin associated with about 30% growth reduction.
Association Cylindrocarpon-like fungi were a primary cause of reduced apple growth.
Association Pythium spp. were a primary cause of reduced apple growth.
Association Cylindrocarpon-like fungi were strongly associated with apple replant disease.
Association Several indigenous bacterial and fungal genera were positively correlated with apple growth.
Intervention effect Preplant composts had variable effects on apple growth.
Intervention effect Composted mushroom substrate performed best for apple growth in four countries.
Intervention effect Preplant cover crops changed the rhizosphere microbial community of subsequent apple orchards.
Intervention effect A single preplant cover crop break did not sufficiently mitigate apple replant disease.
Intervention effect Commercial bioformulates were generally ineffective against apple replant disease.
Intervention effect Two of ten bioformulates gave the highest apple growth.
Intervention effect Two of ten bioformulates controlled Phytophthora cactorum attack in apple.
Intervention effect Preplant soil steam gave promising results for apple replant problems after a one-year field trial.
Association Phytophthora citrophtora was mainly responsible for citrus degradation in Mediterranean countries.
Observation Phytophthora attack killed 25% of transplanted citrus plants within two years in a degraded Valencia orchard.
Intervention effect Preplant treatments did not significantly affect growth of newly planted citrus trees.
Intervention effect Organic matter before citrus replanting did not completely control Phytophthora attack.
Intervention effect Organic matter before replanting reduced damage to soil organic matter and biological activity relative to solarisation in citrus orchards.
Intervention effect Commercial bioformulates reduced Phytophthora citrophtora attack in citrus rootstocks under controlled conditions.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Phytotoxicity studies found no effect on apple morphology or taste.

Taxon: applesMalus domesticae0
Treatment: ethyl formatee1
Outcome: morphology or tastee0
Direction: no effecte0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Phytotoxicity studies showed no effect on morphology or taste of apples.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1530–1602

e1
“ethyl formate was applied”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1295–1320

Title

Eradication of eucalyptus weevils in apples by ethyl formate

Manjree Agarwal; Yonglin Ren; J. Newman; et al. Murdoch Research Repository (Murdoch University) 2012

Other claims from this paper (5)

Intervention effect Ethyl formate was highly toxic to eucalyptus weevils on apples.
Intervention effect Ethyl formate had low phytotoxicity to apple fruit.
Intervention effect Apple colour and texture showed no change one to three weeks after ethyl formate treatment versus untreated apples.
Intervention effect All eucalyptus weevils were killed in cool storage trials using ethyl formate at 50-55 g m-3.
Observation Ethyl formate residues declined to natural levels after one day of aeration.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

2-Butyne-1,4-diol had no effect on picloram ester phytotoxicity.

Taxon: guavaPsidium guajavae1
Treatment: 2‐Butyne‐1,4‐diole0
Outcome: phytotoxicity of picloram estere0
Direction: no effecte0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“2‐Butyne‐1,4‐diol had no effect on the phytotoxicity of picloram ester.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 818–889

e1
“guava plants grown in a glasshouse”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 601–635

Title

Interactions between S,S,S‐tributyl phosphorotrithioate (DEF) and growth regulator herbicides. II.—Further studies

D. J. Turner; M. C. P. Loader Pesticide Science 1971. doi:10.1002/ps.2780020203

Other claims from this paper (9)

Intervention effect Picloram and DEF mixtures caused more severe effects at nine months than either alone in poplar and privet.
Observation Earlier DEF synergy with triethylamine 2,4,5-T on privet diminished or disappeared.
Intervention effect DEF mixed with 2,4,5-T iso-octyl ester had antagonistic short and longer term phytotoxic effects.
Intervention effect DEF synergized with salt or amine formulations of picloram, 2,4,5-T or mecoprop in guava.
Intervention effect DEF antagonized ester formulations of the herbicides in guava.
Intervention effect Xylene did not appreciably increase picloram effects when a wetting agent was present.
Intervention effect Triton B 1956 did not appreciably increase picloram effects when a wetting agent was present.
Intervention effect DEF and picloram synergy was reduced when DEF was applied to guava leaves 2–4 hours before or after picloram.
Intervention effect DEF and picloram did not interact when introduced into guava vascular tissue.

Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

No pecan phytotoxicity was observed.

Taxon: pecansCarya illinoinensise0
Interactor: Phoradendron serotinumPhoradendron leucarpume1parasite
Outcome: No phytotoxicitye0

Verbatim

e0
“No phytotoxicity to the pecans was observed”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1220–1263

e1
“mistletoe, Phoradendron serotinum”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 22–55

Title

EFFECT OF ETHEPHON ON MISTLETOE REMOVAL

James H. Aldrich; Jeffrey G. Norcini HortScience 1992. doi:10.21273/hortsci.27.6.631f

Other claims from this paper (5)

Intervention effect Most ethephon treatments caused more than 95% mistletoe defoliation.
Intervention effect Every chemical treatment caused some mistletoe branchlet abscission.
Association Mistletoe regrowth declined with increasing ethephon concentration in both cultivars.
Intervention effect A 2500 ppm prepollination application on Desirable was the most effective treatment.
Intervention effect That treatment prevented mistletoe regrowth on 80% of trees.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Thiourea caused phytotoxicity in nectarine.

Taxon: nectarinePrunus persica var. nucipersicae1
Treatment: thioureae0
Outcome: phytotoxic effecte0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Verbatim

e0
“But thiourea had a phytotoxic effect.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 498–535

t0
“油桃”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 13–15

e1
“two-year old ‘NJ72’ nectarine”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 247–276

Title

几种化学药剂对‘NJ72’油桃休眠解除的影响

Zhi-You YUAN; Xian-Li LI; Tian-Li YAN 植物学通报 2002. doi:10.3724/cbb-t21-161

Other claims from this paper (12)

Intervention effect Thiourea advanced nectarine flower bud break by 20 days.
Intervention effect Potassium nitrate did not affect nectarine flower bud break.
Intervention effect Ammonium nitrate had an effect similar to potassium nitrate on nectarine bud break.
Intervention effect Flowering after nitrate treatment was nonuniform.
Intervention effect Dormancy-breaking agents inhibited flower-bud catalase activity soon after treatment.
Intervention effect Dormancy-breaking agents increased flower-bud peroxidase activity.
Intervention effect Flower-bud superoxide dismutase changed little after dormancy-breaking treatment.
Intervention effect Chemicals increased respiration in dormant nectarine flower buds.
Intervention effect Chemicals increased the pentose phosphate pathway rate.
Intervention effect Chemicals decreased the Embden-Meyerh pathway rate.
Intervention effect The tricarboxlic acid cycle rate changed little after chemical treatment.
Intervention effect Dormancy-breaking agents increased glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Evidence was inconclusive for an effect of spray timing on leaf phytotoxicity.

Taxon: applesMalus domesticae1
Treatment: lime sulfur + stylet oil blossom thinning spray timinge0
Outcome: leaf phytotoxicitye0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Verbatim

e0
“There was no conclusive evidence that lime sulfur + stylet oil blossom thinning spray timing influenced russet incidence/severity or leaf phytotoxicity”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1019–1170

e1
“‘Gala’ apples”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 310–323

Title

Evaluation of Blossom Thinning Spray Timing Strategies in Apple

W. Chester Allen; Tom Kon; Sherif M. Sherif Horticulturae 2021. doi:10.3390/horticulturae7090308

Other claims from this paper (9)

Intervention effect Model-guided spray timing reduced fruit set at both sites.
Intervention effect A 20% open bloom plus 48-hour schedule reduced fruit set at both sites.
Intervention effect Model-guided timing increased fruit weight, diameter and length at both sites.
Intervention effect The 20% open bloom plus 48-hour schedule increased fruit weight, diameter and length at both sites.
Intervention effect Delaying the first spray to 80% open bloom was generally ineffective.
Intervention effect A 72-hour second-spray interval was generally ineffective.
Intervention effect Evidence was inconclusive for an effect of spray timing on russet incidence or severity.
Recommendation The authors recommend two sprays at 20% open bloom and 48 hours later for effective and safe thinning.
Recommendation The authors also recommend PTGM-guided spray timing for effective and safe thinning.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Sulphur spray phytotoxicity varied between years and experiments.

Taxon: blackcurrantst0
Outcome: degree of effecte0

Verbatim

e0
“there was considerable variation in degree of effect between years and between experiments in the same year.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 171–279

t0
“blackcurrants”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 17–30

Title

Phytotoxicity to blackcurrants of sprays containing sulphur

B. D. SMITH; G. M. CLARKE Annals of Applied Biology 1967. doi:10.1111/j.1744-7348.1967.tb04421.x

Other claims from this paper (9)

Observation Flower damage from sulphur sprays was difficult except at low temperatures.
Association When fruit set was affected, blackcurrant yield fell.
Association Leaf scorching depressed yields only when very severe.
Intervention effect Preapplication seaweed extract showed no evidence of reducing sulphur shock.
Intervention effect Lime sulphur briefly reduced shoot growth rate depending on concentration.
Intervention effect Lime sulphur left total bud numbers unaffected.
Intervention effect Lime sulphur left flower to vegetative bud ratios unaffected.
Intervention effect Lime sulphur left yield unaffected.
Observation Lime sulphur had no adverse carryover effects the next year.

Associationauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

DMSO and colchicine appeared to act synergistically on apical tissue phytotoxicity.

Taxon: RubusRubust0
Treatment: the chemicalse0
Outcome: phytotoxicity of apical tissuee0
Direction: synergistic effecte0

Verbatim

e0
“There was evidence of synergistic effect of the chemicals on phytotoxicity of apical tissue”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 412–503

t0
“Rubus Seeds”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 68–79

Title

Dimethyl Sulfoxide as an Adjuvant of Colchicine in the Treatment of Rubus Seeds and Shoot Apices1

Hosea Sanders; J. W. Hull Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 1970. doi:10.21273/jashs.5.2.111

Other claims from this paper (3)

Intervention effect DMSO added to colchicine increased induced polyploids in germinating black raspberry seed more than colchicine alone.
Intervention effect DMSO above 2% combined with colchicine was phytotoxic to germinating seeds.
Intervention effect DMSO had no discernible effect on colchicine penetration to the apical dome of blackberry shoot apices.

“phytotoxicity effect”

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