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“returns”

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Breeding, agronomy & horticulture 26564

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Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Gross returns, net returns and additional returns were highest in the demonstration plot compared with the local check plot.

Taxon
Chillit0
Treatment
demonstrations plote2
Outcome
Gross returns, net returns, additional returnse2
Direction
higheste2
Comparator
local/check plote2

Verbatim

t0

“Demonstration Trials on Chilli in Haveri District”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 25–74
e2

“Gross returns, net returns, additional returns over farmers practices and also B:C ratio were recorded highest in demonstrations plot compared to local/check plot”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 759–921

Title

Evaluation of Front Line Demonstration Trials on Chilli in Haveri District of Karnataka

S. M. Hiremath Indian horticulture journal 2012

Other claims from this paper (4)
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The extract and isoproturon mixture gave higher net returns and marginal returns.

Outcome
net returns and percent marginal returnse0

Verbatim

e0

“it was also economical, giving higher net returns and percent marginal returns”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1017–1095
t0

“wheat”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 69–74

Title

Use of allelopathic water extract of field crops for weed control in wheat

Mehboob Elahi; Z. A. Cheema; Shahzad Maqsood; et al. International Research Journal of Plant Science 2011

Other claims from this paper (12)
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Gross returns followed net returns in contribution.

Taxon
paddyt0
Outcome
gross returnse0

Verbatim

e0

“net returns was maximum (44.22 percent) followed by gross returns and main produce”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 692–774
t0

“paddy cultivation”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 49–66

Title

Adoption assessment of production technology for paddy cultivation in Konkan region of Maharashtra

R.B. Hile; A.S. Darekar; S.B. Datrkar Indian Journal of Economics and Development 2015. doi:10.5958/2322-0430.2015.00023.2

Other claims from this paper (13)

Plant interactions & biotic stress 2599

Show all 2,599 →
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The weed-free treatment produced the highest grain yield, gross returns and net returns.

Treatment
Weed free treatmente0
Outcome
grain yield, gross returns and net returnse0
Direction
higheste0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

t0

“greengram”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 66–75
e0

“Weed free treatment provided the highest grain yield, gross returns and net returns.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 596–680

Title

Efficacy of pre-and post-emergence herbicides for weed control in greengram

Guriqbal Singh; Harpreet Kaur Virk; Poonam Sharma Indian Journal of Weed Science 2017. doi:10.5958/0974-8164.2017.00065.x

Other claims from this paper (9)
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Low-cost weed practices gave high net returns while costly herbicides gave low returns.

Taxon
maizeZea mayst0
Outcome
net returnse0
Direction
highe0

Verbatim

e0

“low‐cost practices, including weed flush removal, cultivation, or handweeding, provided high net returns, whereas expensive herbicide treatments produced low net returns.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1337–1507
t0

“maize”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 52–57

Title

Problems in control of Rottboellia exaltata L.f. in maize in Bukidnon Province, Mindanao, Philippines

H. H. FISHER; F. LOPEZ; L. MARGATE; et al. Weed Research 1985. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3180.1985.tb00623.x

Other claims from this paper (18)
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The imazethapyr treatment produced net returns of ? 71,059/ha.

Outcome
net returnse0
Value
? 71,059/hae0

Not reportedTaxonTreatmentComparatorDirection

Verbatim

e0

“net returns (? 71,059/ha)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 762–787

Title

Performance of herbicide on yield and economic returns of pigeonpea Cajanus cajan L Millsp in Bihar

S Suman; G.S. Panwar; M G Mula; et al. Open Access Repository of ICRISAT (International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics) 2016

Other claims from this paper (6)

Physiology, metabolism & abiotic stress 1572

Show all 1,572 →
Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Initial performance was associated with diminishing R2 returns.

Outcome
R2 showing diminishing returnse0
Direction
diminishing returnse0
Comparator
initial model performancee0

Not reportedTaxon

Verbatim

e0

“initial model performance influenced outcomes, with R2 showing diminishing returns”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1444–1526

Title

Improvement Approaches and Performance of Temperature-Based Remote Sensing Evapotranspiration Models in Agricultural Fields: A Meta Analysis

Jiayi Ding; Peishuo Wang; Bernard A. Engel; et al. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 2025. doi:10.1016/j.agrformet.2026.111166

Other claims from this paper (8)
Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Yield showed diminishing returns at greater irrigation depths.

Treatment
greater irrigation depthse0
Outcome
yieldt0
Direction
diminishing returnse0

Not reportedTaxon

Verbatim

e0

“exhibited diminishing returns at greater irrigation depths”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1127–1185
t0

“yield”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 6–11
t1

“chickpea”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 30–38

Title

Water-yield relationships for chickpea under different irrigation regimes in Gezira Scheme, Sudan

Maie Kabbashi Alla Jabow; Mahasin Ali Mohamed; Mohie El Din Omar Agricultural Water Management 2026. doi:10.1016/j.agwat.2026.110294

Other claims from this paper (9)
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

C. camphora stands had significantly higher annual K returns.

Taxon
C. camphoraCinnamomum camphorae0
Outcome
K returnse0
Direction
highere0

Verbatim

e0

“C. camphora stands exhibited significantly higher annual P and K returns”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1034–1106

Title

Implications of Litterfall Dynamics and Stoichiometry for Nutrient Cycling in Subtropical Acid Rain Regions

Bo Lin; Yongxia Feng; Xiuya Ni; et al. Land 2026. doi:10.3390/land15060949

Other claims from this paper (8)

Woody plants 1479

Show all 1,479 →
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Thiamethoxam gave the highest gross returns, net returns and maximum B:C ratio.

Taxon
pomegranatePunica granatumt0
Treatment
thiamethoxame0
Outcome
gross returns, net returns and maximum B:C ratioe0
Direction
higheste0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0

“thiamethoxam and imidacloprid recorded highest gross returns, net returns and maximum B:C ratio”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 795–890
t0

“pomegranate”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 14–25

Title

Management of pomegranate aphid, Aphis punicae (passerini) with new insecticides

D. N. Kambrekar; A. P. Biradar; S. B. Kalaghatagi Indian Journal of Entomology 2013

Other claims from this paper (8)
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Imidacloprid gave the highest gross returns, net returns and maximum B:C ratio.

Taxon
pomegranatePunica granatumt0
Treatment
imidaclopride0
Outcome
gross returns, net returns and maximum B:C ratioe0
Direction
higheste0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0

“thiamethoxam and imidacloprid recorded highest gross returns, net returns and maximum B:C ratio”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 795–890
t0

“pomegranate”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 14–25

Title

Management of pomegranate aphid, Aphis punicae (passerini) with new insecticides

D. N. Kambrekar; A. P. Biradar; S. B. Kalaghatagi Indian Journal of Entomology 2013

Other claims from this paper (8)
Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Crop components yielded higher returns than tree components, whose returns were negative.

Taxon
crope0
Outcome
returnse0
Direction
highere0
Comparator
tree componente0

Verbatim

e0

“the crop component yielded higher returns compared to negative returns from the tree component in agroforestry.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1016–1127

Title

Productivity and Economic Evaluation of Agroforestry Systems for Sustainable Production of Food and Non-Food Products

Lisa Mølgaard Lehmann; Jo Smith; Sally Westaway; et al. Sustainability 2020. doi:10.3390/su12135429

Other claims from this paper (4)

Methods & resources 224

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Method / resourceobservedoriginal resultpositivesimulated

Claim · model-written summary

The optimized harvest schedule could potentially increase net returns by 15.28%

Taxon
sugarcanet0
Outcome
net returnse1
Direction
increasinge1
Value
15.28%e1
Setting
Metahara sugar factory, Ethiopiat1

Verbatim

t0

“Maximizing economic returns from sugarcane production”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–53
t1

“Metahara sugar factory, Ethiopia”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 125–157
e1

“potentially increasing net returns by 15.28%”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 850–894

Title

Maximizing economic returns from sugarcane production through the optimization of a harvesting schedule: a case study of the Metahara sugar factory, Ethiopia

Yemane Gebrehiwot; Solomon Alemu; Getinet Alemayehu Discover Agriculture 2025. doi:10.1007/s44279-025-00239-y

Other claims from this paper (2)
Method / resourceobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

All three models gave similar economic net returns across years.

Outcome
economic net returnse0
Direction
similare0
Comparator
all three modelse0

Verbatim

e0

“all three models resulted in similar economic net returns across study years”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1291–1367
t0

“corn”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 12–16

Title

Determining corn nitrogen rates using multiple prediction models

Jeff Rutan; Kurt Steinke Journal of Crop Improvement 2017. doi:10.1080/15427528.2017.1359715

Other claims from this paper (7)
Method / resourceauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivebasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

The authors expect the system to enhance economic returns.

Outcome
economic returnse0
Direction
enhancee0

Not reportedTaxonComparator

Verbatim

e0

“The result indicated that the system will reduce fertilizer input costs effectively and enhance economic returns.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 719–832

Title

Design and Development of Technical Advisory Service System for Corn Planting

Yang Fan Shanxi nongye kexue 2013

Other claims from this paper (4)

Development, reproduction & morphology 204

Show all 204 →
Observationauthor interpretationoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The diminishing returns hypothesis receives statistical support in woody dicot species.

Taxon
woody dicot speciese2
Outcome
diminishing returns hypothesise7
Qualifier
receives statistical supporte7

Verbatim

e2

“across 25 woody dicot species”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 495–524
e7

“The diminishing returns hypothesis therefore receives statistical support”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1089–1162

Title

Evidence for “diminishing returns” from the scaling of stem diameter and specific leaf area

Karl J. Niklas; Edward D. Cobb American Journal of Botany 2008. doi:10.3732/ajb.0800034

Other claims from this paper (5)
Observationobservedoriginal resultsimulated

Claim · model-written summary

Diminishing returns arise in pollen export and local pollen competition to fertilise ovules.

Organ / stage
pollene0
Outcome
Diminishing returnse0

Not reportedTaxon

Verbatim

e0

“Diminishing returns arise for various processes that affect siring (e.g. pollen export and local pollen competition to fertilise ovules)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1256–1392

Title

Pollination efficiency and the evolution of sex allocation – diminishing returns matter

Lawrence D. Harder; Steven D. Johnson New Phytologist 2025. doi:10.1111/nph.20389

Other claims from this paper (3)
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Trees and small trees showed diminishing returns scaling (α < 1.0) between leaf area and dry mass in May.

Taxon
trees and small treese0
Outcome
diminishing returnse0
Value
α < 1.0e0
Qualifier
Maye0

Verbatim

e0

“trees and small trees showed “diminishing returns” (α < 1.0) in May”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 458–525

Title

Application of leaf “diminishing returns” scaling across woody plant life forms and growing seasons

Jun Sun; Zihan Zhu; Shujuan Cui; et al. Botany Letters 2026. doi:10.1080/23818107.2026.2612949

Other claims from this paper (4)

Ecology, evolution & diversity 186

Show all 186 →
Observationauthor interpretationoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Rare use makes property rights returns more feasible.

Outcome
property rights returnse0
Direction
more feasiblee0

Not reportedTaxon

Verbatim

e0

“makes property rights returns more feasible.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1746–1790

Title

The Dilemma of Plant Knowledge and Compensation for Native People Living in Brazilian Biomes

Clovis José Fernandes de Oliveira Júnior; Priscila Pereira Cabreira Priscila Pereira Cabreira Journal of Ecosystem & Ecography 2012. doi:10.4172/2157-7625.1000108

Other claims from this paper (8)
Observationobservedoriginal resultsimulated

Claim · model-written summary

Diminishing returns arise in pollen export and local pollen competition to fertilise ovules.

Organ / stage
pollene0
Outcome
Diminishing returnse0

Not reportedTaxon

Verbatim

e0

“Diminishing returns arise for various processes that affect siring (e.g. pollen export and local pollen competition to fertilise ovules)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1256–1392

Title

Pollination efficiency and the evolution of sex allocation – diminishing returns matter

Lawrence D. Harder; Steven D. Johnson New Phytologist 2025. doi:10.1111/nph.20389

Other claims from this paper (3)
Associationauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Migrants often used monoculture to maximize short-term returns.

Material
migrantse0
Outcome
short-term returnse0
Direction
maximizee0

Verbatim

e0

“monoculture is often a strategy used by migrants to maximize short-term returns”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1067–1146
e1

“cocoa farm life-cycle”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 904–925

Title

Cocoa : from deforestation to reforestation

François Ruf; Honoré Zadi Agritrop (Cirad) 1998

Other claims from this paper (11)

Molecular genetics & genomics 31

Show all 31 →
Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Multiple doses of favorable alleles yielded diminishing returns.

Gene
favorable 'alleles'e0
Outcome
diminishing returnse0
Direction
diminishing returnse0

Not reportedTaxon

Verbatim

e0

“multiple doses of favorable 'alleles' at such chromosomal region(s) yielded diminishing returns”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 760–855

Title

QTL Analysis in a Complex Autopolyploid: Genetic Control of Sugar Content in Sugarcane

Ray Ming; Sin-Chieh Liu; Paul H. Moore; et al. Genome Research 2001. doi:10.1101/gr.198801

Other claims from this paper (7)
Method / resourceobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Adding more than 8000 SNPs gave diminishing returns and potential noise in prediction.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxe2
Interactor
SMVe2pathogen
Outcome
diminishing returns and potential noisee0
Value
more than 8000 SNPse0
Comparator
prediction accuracye1

Verbatim

e0

“adding more than 8000 SNPs introduced diminishing returns and potential noise”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1439–1516
e1

“generally improved prediction accuracy”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1357–1395
e2

“SMV SC3 resistance in soybean”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 325–354

Title

Genome-wide association analysis study and genomic prediction for resistance to soybean mosaic virus in soybean population

Tiantian Zhao; Fengmin Wang; Jin Qi; et al. BMC Plant Biology 2025. doi:10.1186/s12870-025-06775-5

Other claims from this paper (11)
Method / resourceobservedoriginal resultbasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

DARTS returns structurally annotated nucleotide and amino acid sequences usable for comparative and phylogenetic analyses.

Outcome
structurally annotated nucleotide and amino acid sequencese0

Not reportedTaxonValue

Verbatim

e0

“DARTS returns a set of structurally annotated nucleotide and amino acid sequences which can be readily used in subsequent comparative and phylogenetic analyses.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1187–1347

Title

DARTS: An Algorithm for Domain-Associated Retrotransposon Search in Genome Assemblies

Mikhail Biryukov; Kirill Ustyantsev Genes 2021. doi:10.3390/genes13010009

Other claims from this paper (2)

not stated 13

Observationobservedoriginal resultsimulated

Claim · model-written summary

Increased stocking increased modeled returns in wetter seasons.

Treatment
Increased stockinge0
Outcome
returnse0
Direction
increasede0
Qualifier
wetter seasonse0

Not reportedTaxon

Verbatim

e0

“Increased stocking increased returns during wetter seasons”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 511–569

Title

Assessing the Risk of Various Stocking Strategies in the Semi-Arid Savanna of Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa.

GP Hatch; NM Tainton; GF Ortmann The Rangeland Journal 1996. doi:10.1071/rj9960136

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Other claims from this paper (5)
Observationobservedoriginal resultsimulated

Claim · model-written summary

Increased stocking increased modeled risk of highly negative returns in drier seasons.

Outcome
highly negative returnse0
Direction
increasede0
Qualifier
drier seasonse0

Not reportedTaxon

Verbatim

e0

“increased risk of forage deficits and highly negative returns during drier seasons”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 590–672

Title

Assessing the Risk of Various Stocking Strategies in the Semi-Arid Savanna of Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa.

GP Hatch; NM Tainton; GF Ortmann The Rangeland Journal 1996. doi:10.1071/rj9960136

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Other claims from this paper (5)
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Propaquizafop plus imazethapyr gave the highest gross returns, `58.08 103/ha.

Outcome
gross returnse0
Direction
higheste0
Value
`58.08 103/hae0

Not reportedTaxon

Verbatim

e0

“highest gross returns (`58.08 103/ha) and net returns (`42.58 103/ha)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1451–1520
t0

“Weed control efficacy of different post-emergence herbicides in mungbean (Vigna radiata) in hot arid regions”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–108

Title

Weed control efficacy of different post-emergence herbicides in mungbean (Vigna radiata) in hot arid regions

N.K. JAT; D.V. SINGH Indian Journal of Agronomy 2001. doi:10.59797/ija.v66i4.2890

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Other claims from this paper (15)

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