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Taxon groups are the verbatim names found in the abstracts (case-insensitive), not normalised: maize, corn and Zea mays are separate groups here. The Organism view merges them through NCBI Taxonomy.

Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

G11 showed low nitrogen use efficiency.

Material
G11e0
Outcome
nitrogen use efficiencye0
Direction
lowe0

Verbatim

t0

“Rice (Oryza sativa. L)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 12–34
e0

“G11 shows low nitrogen use efficiency”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1564–1601

Title

Phenotyping Rice (Oryza sativa. L) Genotypes for Nitrogen use Efficiency

R. Gowri Karthigaa; A. Senthil; V. Ravichandran; et al. International Journal of Environment and Climate Change 2022. doi:10.9734/ijecc/2022/v12i1131023

Other claims from this paper (5)
Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Nitrogen absorption efficiency was identified as the main factor affecting rice nitrogen use efficiency.

Outcome
N-use efficiencye0
Qualifier
N-absorption efficiencye0

Verbatim

e0

“This indicated that the N-absorption efficiency was the main factor affecting the N-use efficiency of rice.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 395–502

Title

Mechanism of Nitrogen Use Efficiency Difference in Different Genotypic Rices

Chen Jianqiang He'nan nongye kexue 2009

Other claims from this paper (1)
Associationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Nitrogen use efficiency increased gradually as nitrogen application decreased.

Treatment
reduction of nitrogen applicatione0
Outcome
nitrogen use efficiencye0
Direction
increasee0

Verbatim

e0

“there is a gradual increase in nitrogen use efficiency with reduction of nitrogen application”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 875–968
t0

“RICE”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 71–75

Title

EFFECT OF MICROBIAL FERTILIZER ON YIELD AND NITROGEN USE EFFICIENCY IN RICE

Zhang Yu-ping 2010

Other claims from this paper (7)
Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Chongqing and Renshou had the lowest wheat SPAD, light use efficiency, nitrogen use efficiency and grain yield.

Outcome
SPAD, light use efficiency, nitrogen use efficiency and grain yielde0
Direction
loweste0
Setting
Chongqing and Renshoue0

Verbatim

t0

“wheat”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 105–110
e0

“Chongqing and Renshou had the lowest SPAD, light use efficiency, nitrogen use efficiency and grain yield”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 191–295

Title

[Effect of nitrogen management modes on grain yield, nitrogen use efficiency and light use efficiency of wheat].

Xiao Li Wu; Chao Su Li; Yong Lu Tang; et al. PubMed 2017. doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.201706.008

Other claims from this paper (10)
Associationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Bread wheat had high nitrogen use efficiency associated with its higher nitrogen utilization efficiency.

Material
bread wheate0
Outcome
nitrogen use efficiencye0
Direction
highe0
Qualifier
Nitrogen utilisation efficiencye0

Verbatim

e0

“Nitrogen utilisation efficiency of bread wheat was always higher than ancient wheat genotypes resulting in high nitrogen use efficiency.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1183–1315

Title

Nitrogen Uptake, Utilisation and Use Eciency of Dierent Wheat Species

K. M. C. Fernando; D. L. Sparkes Sabaragamuwa University Journal 2020. doi:10.4038/suslj.v18i1.7754

Other claims from this paper (4)
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Xichang had higher wheat SPAD and nitrogen use efficiency.

Outcome
SPAD and nitrogen use efficiencye0
Direction
highere0
Setting
Xichange0

Verbatim

t0

“wheat”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 105–110
e0

“Xichang had higher SPAD and nitrogen use efficiency”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 104–155

Title

[Effect of nitrogen management modes on grain yield, nitrogen use efficiency and light use efficiency of wheat].

Xiao Li Wu; Chao Su Li; Yong Lu Tang; et al. PubMed 2017. doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.201706.008

Other claims from this paper (10)
Associationauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Enhanced nitrogen translocation to the grains improved nitrogen use efficiency in high-efficiency maize.

Taxon
maizeZea mayst0
Organ / stage
grainse0
Outcome
nitrogen use efficiencye0
Direction
improvede0

Verbatim

e0

“This enhanced nitrogen translocation to the grains, improved nitrogen use efficiency”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1919–2003
t0

“Maize Varieties”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 12–27

Title

Response of Maize Varieties with Different Nitrogen Efficiencies to Nitrogen Fertilizer

Yulong Yang; Tao Wen; Huifeng Wang; et al. Agronomy 2026. doi:10.3390/agronomy16010109

Other claims from this paper (13)
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Nitrogen use efficiency was lower under high nitrogen than low nitrogen.

Taxon
maizeZea mayst0
Outcome
nitrogen use efficiencye0
Direction
lowere0
Comparator
low nitrogene0

Verbatim

e0

“nitrogen use efficiency in high nitrogen is lower than the low nitrogen”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 749–820
t0

“Maize Inbred Lines”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 59–77

Title

Analysis on Genotypic Difference in Nitrogen Efficiency of Maize Inbred Lines

Zhijun Su Yumi kexue 2013

Other claims from this paper (7)
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Mean nitrogen use efficiency was 47.0%.

Taxon
MaizeZea mayst0
Outcome
nitrogen use efficiencye6
Value
47.0%e6

Verbatim

t0

“Summer Maize”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 49–61
e6

“agronomic efficiency of nitrogen and nitrogen use efficiency were 9.1 kg and 47.0%,respectively”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 989–1084

Title

Effect of Nitrogen Fertilization Distribution on Summer Maize Yield,Net return and Nitrogen Use Efficiency

Li Li Shanxi nongye kexue 2010

Other claims from this paper (15)

not stated 1708

Associationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Nitrogen use efficiency showed a positive relationship with nitrogen uptake efficiency.

Compound
nitrogen uptake efficiencye0
Outcome
Nitrogen use efficiencye0
Direction
positivee0

Not reportedTaxon

Verbatim

e0

“Nitrogen use efficiency showed a positive relationship with nitrogen uptake efficiency, while the relationship with nitrogen utilization efficiency was insignificant”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1338–1503

Title

Wheat, Barley, and Triticale Response to Nitrogen Fertilization in Pannonian Environment

Milan Mirosavljević; Vojislava Momčilović; Vladimir Aćin; et al. Agriculture 2025. doi:10.3390/agriculture15070683

Other claims from this paper (11)
Associationobservedoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

The relationship of nitrogen use efficiency with nitrogen utilization efficiency was insignificant.

Compound
nitrogen utilization efficiencye0
Outcome
Nitrogen use efficiencye0

Not reportedTaxonDirection

Verbatim

e0

“Nitrogen use efficiency showed a positive relationship with nitrogen uptake efficiency, while the relationship with nitrogen utilization efficiency was insignificant”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1338–1503

Title

Wheat, Barley, and Triticale Response to Nitrogen Fertilization in Pannonian Environment

Milan Mirosavljević; Vojislava Momčilović; Vladimir Aćin; et al. Agriculture 2025. doi:10.3390/agriculture15070683

Other claims from this paper (11)
Associationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Nitrogen partial factor productivity, crop nitrogen use efficiency and soil nitrogen use efficiency decreased with greater N fertilizer application.

Treatment
N fertilizer applicatione0
Outcome
nitrogen partial factor productivity, crop nitrogen use efficiency and soil nitrogen use efficiencye0
Direction
decreasede0

Not reportedTaxon

Verbatim

e0

“Except for W1N2 treatment, the irrigation water use efficiency increased as the N application rate rose, while the nitrogen partial factor productivity, crop nitrogen use efficiency and soil nitrogen use efficiency decreased with an increase in N fertilizer application.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1327–1597

Title

Potato growth, nitrogen balance, quality, and productivity response to water-nitrogen regulation in a cold and arid environment

Dandan Su; Hengjia Zhang; Anguo Teng; et al. Frontiers in Plant Science 2024. doi:10.3389/fpls.2024.1451350

Other claims from this paper (11)

winter wheat 1523

Show all 1,523 →
Associationobservedoriginal resultnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Wheat nitrogen fruiting efficiency was not significantly correlated with nitrogen use efficiency.

Taxon
winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
Outcome
Nitrogen fruiting efficiencye0
Direction
not significantly correlatede0
Qualifier
nitrogen use efficiencye0
Comparator
nitrogen use efficiencye0

Not reportedOrgan / stage

Verbatim

e0

“Nitrogen fruiting efficiency was positively correlated with nitrogen utilization efficiency, negatively correlated with nitrogen uptake efficiency, but not significantly correlated with nitrogen use efficiency.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 408–618
t0

“winter wheat”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 97–109

Title

[Correlation between nitrogen fruiting efficiency and nitrogen utilization and remobilization in winter wheat at different sowing dates].

Yuan Gang Zhu; Jin Peng Chu; Xiu Zhang; et al. PubMed 2019. doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.201904.005

Other claims from this paper (14)
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

The abstract reports no significant difference in nitrogen productivity, nitrogen use efficiency, water use efficiency and grain yield, but names T2 as both arms.

Taxon
winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
Treatment
T2 treatmente0
Outcome
nitrogen partial productivity, nitrogen use efficiency, water use efficiency, and grain yielde0
Direction
no significant differencese0
Comparator
T2 treatmente0

Verbatim

t0

“winter wheat”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 150–162
e0

“There were no significant differences in nitrogen partial productivity, nitrogen use efficiency, water use efficiency, and grain yield between T2 treatment and T2 treatment.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1617–1790

Title

Effects of supplemental irrigation with micro-sprinkling hoses and water and fertilizer integration on yield and water and nitrogen use efficiency in winter wheat

Xue WANG; Shu-Bo GU; Xiang LIN; et al. ACTA AGRONOMICA SINICA 2023. doi:10.3724/sp.j.1006.2023.21009

Other claims from this paper (12)
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

N150 had higher nitrogen use efficiency than N225.

Taxon
winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
Treatment
N150 treatmente0
Outcome
nitrogen use efficiencye0
Direction
highere0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0

“the N150 treatment had higher nitrogen use efficiency”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1492–1545
t0

“winter wheat”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 125–137

Title

Effects of water saving and nitrogen reduction on soil nitrate nitrogen distribution, water and nitrogen use efficiencies of winter wheat

Wen-He LUO; Zu-Jiao SHI; Xu-Min WANG; et al. ACTA AGRONOMICA SINICA 2020. doi:10.3724/sp.j.1006.2020.91060

Other claims from this paper (10)
Associationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Nitrogen use efficiency decreased with each increase in nitrogen dose.

Treatment
dose increasee0
Outcome
N use efficiencye0
Direction
decreasede0

Verbatim

e0

“The N use efficiency decreased every time there was a dose increase”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1219–1286
e1

“six corn cultivars”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 228–246

Title

NITROGEN DOSES, USE AND EFFICIENCY IN SIX CORN CULTIVARS

FLÁVIA CARVALHO SILVA FERNANDES; SALATIÉR BUZETTI; ORIVALDO ARF; et al. DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) 2005

Other claims from this paper (5)
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Nitrogen significantly increased irrigation efficiency and soil water use efficiency of corn.

Treatment
nitrogen fertilizere0
Outcome
crop irrigation efficiency and soil water use efficiencye0
Direction
increasede0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0

“applied nitrogen fertilizer significantly increased crop irrigation efficiency and soil water use efficiency of corn”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 580–696

Title

Impact of Nitrogen Fertilization on Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Strip Intercropping Crops

Yang Jun-lin Gansu Agricultural Science and Technology 2010

Other claims from this paper (3)
Associationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Nitrogen use efficiency declined as nitrogen rates rose across all corn hybrids.

Treatment
nitrogen ratese0
Outcome
efficiency of nitrogen usee0
Direction
declinede0
Qualifier
all hybridse0

Verbatim

e0

“The overall efficiency of nitrogen use declined as nitrogen rates were increased in all hybrids”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 823–918
t0

“CORN”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 25–29

Title

DIFFERENTIAL RESPONSE OF CORN HYBRIDS TO APPLIED NITROGEN (EFFICIENCY UPTAKE)

Stephen Earl Hawkins Purdue e-Pubs (Purdue University System) 1985

Other claims from this paper (4)
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Increased nitrogen accumulation enhanced agronomic and recovery nitrogen use efficiency.

Outcome
agronomic nitrogen use efficiency and recovery nitrogen use efficiencye0
Direction
enhancede0

Verbatim

e0

“enhanced agronomic nitrogen use efficiency and recovery nitrogen use efficiency”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 826–905
t0

“cotton”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 16–22

Title

Integrated soil-cotton management system enhances nitrogen use efficiency under different soil fertility levels

Xinyue Zhang; Hongkun Yang; Rizwan Zahoor; et al. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science 2019. doi:10.1080/03650340.2019.1697874

Other claims from this paper (8)
Associationobservedoriginal resultmixedmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Nitrogen use efficiency varied by cotton genotype and efficiency measure.

Material
genotypese0
Outcome
nitrogen use efficiencye0

Not reportedDirection

Verbatim

e0

“The nitrogen use efficiency varied with the genotypes and type of ef- ficiency calculated”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 785–874
t0

“cotton”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 27–33

Title

Nitrogen use efficiency by cotton varieties

Araújo, Érica De Oliveira; Camacho, Marcos Antonio; Vincensi, Marion Martins Revistas SARC 2019. doi:10.19084/rca.16275

Other claims from this paper (4)
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Low nitrogen enhanced intercellular CO2 concentration, photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency and nitrogen utilization efficiency.

Treatment
low N supplye0
Outcome
intercellular CO2 concentration, photosynthetic N use efficiency (PNUE), and NUtEe0
Direction
enhancede0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0

“intercellular CO2 concentration, photosynthetic N use efficiency (PNUE), and NUtE enhanced in low N supply”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 624–730
t0

“cotton associated”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 34–51

Title

Exploring genotypic variations in cotton associated with growth and nitrogen use efficiency

Wajid Mahboob; Nadeem Sarwar; Osama Bin Abdul Hafeez; et al. Journal of Plant Nutrition 2024. doi:10.1080/01904167.2024.2377409

Other claims from this paper (10)

summer maize 499

Show all 499 →
Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The contribution of nitrogen utilization efficiency to nitrogen use efficiency depended on nitrogen rate.

Taxon
summer maizeZea mayse1
Treatment
nitrogen ratee0
Outcome
nitrogen use efficiencye0
Qualifier
nitrogen utilization efficiencye0

Not reportedDirection

Verbatim

e0

“The contribution to nitrogen use efficiency was given by nitrogen utilization efficiency rely on nitrogen rate”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1391–1501
e1

“summer maize accurately”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1367–1390

Title

Genotypic variation in nitrogen use efficiency in summer maize

Bingnian Zhai Plant Nutrition and Fertilizing Science 2006

Other claims from this paper (10)
Method / resourceobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Nitrogen index reflected nitrogen use efficiency at all nitrogen rates.

Taxon
summer maizeZea mayse1
Outcome
nitrogen use efficiencye0

Not reportedComparatorValue

Verbatim

e0

“the nitrogen index can well reflected the nitrogen use efficiency whatever nitrogen application rate”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1506–1606
e1

“summer maize accurately”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1367–1390

Title

Genotypic variation in nitrogen use efficiency in summer maize

Bingnian Zhai Plant Nutrition and Fertilizing Science 2006

Other claims from this paper (10)
Associationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Nitrogen accumulation did not accurately reflect nitrogen use efficiency.

Taxon
summer maizeZea mayse0
Outcome
nitrogen use efficiencye0
Qualifier
nitrogen accumulatione0

Not reportedOrgan / stageDirection

Verbatim

e0

“the nitrogen accumulation couldn't reflect the nitrogen use efficiency in summer maize accurately”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1293–1390

Title

Genotypic variation in nitrogen use efficiency in summer maize

Bingnian Zhai Plant Nutrition and Fertilizing Science 2006

Other claims from this paper (10)
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultsignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Soil moisture and nitrogen levels significantly affected nitrogen use efficiency and water use efficiency of tomato.

Treatment
soil moisture and nitrogen levelse2
Outcome
nitrogen use efficiency and water use efficiencye2

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Verbatim

e0

“The productivity and quality of tomato crops are influenced by nutrient management and soil moisture levels”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–107
e2

“The combined impact of soil moisture and nitrogen levels greatly affects the height, branch count, fruit size, fruit length, marketable yield of tomatoes, tomato fruit quality, nitrogen use efficiency and water use efficiency”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 303–528

Title

Nitrogen and Soil Moisture Optimization for Tomato Crops in Semi-Arid Areas of Ethiopia

Abera Tesfaye; Tatek Wondimu; Ketema Tezera; et al. Air Soil and Water Research 2024. doi:10.1177/11786221241289641

Other claims from this paper (12)
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Middle-third nitrogen injection improved tomato soil enzyme activity, yield, water use efficiency and nitrogen use efficiency against first-third injection.

Treatment
S2e0
Outcome
soil enzyme activities, Y, WUE, and NUEe0
Direction
improvede0
Comparator
S1e0

Verbatim

e0

“Compare to S1, S2 and S3 improved the Pn, soil enzyme activities, Y, WUE, and NUE of tomato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 948–1039

Title

EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT NITROGEN APPLICATION STRATEGIES ON THE WATER AND NITROGEN USE EFFICIENCY OF GREENHOUSE TOMATOES (SOLANUM LYCOPERSICUM L.)

K.K. NIE; M.Z. ZHANG; Q.J. BAI; et al. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research 2021. doi:10.15666/aeer/1904_32393257

Other claims from this paper (8)
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Last-third nitrogen injection improved tomato soil enzyme activity, yield, water use efficiency and nitrogen use efficiency against first-third injection.

Treatment
S3e0
Outcome
soil enzyme activities, Y, WUE, and NUEe0
Direction
improvede0
Comparator
S1e0

Verbatim

e0

“Compare to S1, S2 and S3 improved the Pn, soil enzyme activities, Y, WUE, and NUE of tomato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 948–1039

Title

EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT NITROGEN APPLICATION STRATEGIES ON THE WATER AND NITROGEN USE EFFICIENCY OF GREENHOUSE TOMATOES (SOLANUM LYCOPERSICUM L.)

K.K. NIE; M.Z. ZHANG; Q.J. BAI; et al. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research 2021. doi:10.15666/aeer/1904_32393257

Other claims from this paper (8)

soybean 433

Show all 433 →
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Nitrogen nutrition had a stronger effect on soybean water use efficiency.

Taxon
SoybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
Nitrogen Nutritiont0
Outcome
water use efficiencye0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Verbatim

e0

“with a stronger effect on water use efficiency”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 353–399
t0

“Effect of Water Stress and Nitrogen Nutrition on Water Use Efficiency Compensation in Soybean”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–93

Title

Effect of Water Stress and Nitrogen Nutrition on Water Use Efficiency Compensation in Soybean

Lili Chu Journal of Irrigation and Drainage 2010

Other claims from this paper (9)
Associationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Higher Japanese leaf nitrogen was associated with lower photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxt0
Material
JP groupe0
Outcome
photosynthetic N use efficiencye0
Direction
lowere0

Verbatim

e0

“was associated with lower photosynthetic N use efficiency in the JP group.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1449–1523
t0

“soybean”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 90–97

Title

Lower photosynthetic rate and photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency in northern Japanese soybean cultivars than Midwestern U.S. cultivars

Etsushi Kumagai; Toshihiro Hasegawa Crop Science 2022. doi:10.1002/csc2.20835

Other claims from this paper (6)
Associationauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Intercropping with soybean could enhance nitrogen absorption and use efficiency.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxe0
Treatment
intercropping system with soybeane0
Outcome
nitrogen absorption and use efficiencye0
Direction
enhancee0

Verbatim

e0

“intercropping system with soybean could enhance nitrogen absorption and use efficiency”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1981–2067

Title

Dry matter accumulation,yield and nitrogen use efficiency of crops rotation and intercropping systems in Sichuan

Chen Yuan-xu Zhongguo Nongye Daxue xuebao 2013

Other claims from this paper (11)

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